NIR absorption
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From a wide range of techniques appropriate to relate spectra measurements with soil properties, partial least squares (PLS) regression and support vector machines (SVM) are most commonly used. This is due to their predictive power and the availability of software tools. Both represent exclusively statistically based approaches and, as such, benefit from multiple responses of soil material in the spectrum. However, physical-based approaches that focus only on a single spectral feature, such as simple linear regression using selected continuum-removed spectra values as a predictor variable, often provide accurate estimates. Furthermore, if this approach extends to multiple cases by taking into account three basic absorption feature parameters (area, width, and depth) of all occurring features as predictors and subjecting them to best subset selection, one can achieve even higher prediction accuracy compared with PLS regression. Here, we attempt to further extend this approach by adding two additional absorption feature parameters (left and right side area), as they can be important diagnostic markers, too. As a result, we achieved higher prediction accuracy compared with PLS regression and SVM for exchangeable soil pH, slightly higher or comparable for dithionite-citrate and ammonium oxalate extractable Fe and Mn forms, but slightly worse for oxidizable carbon content. Therefore, we suggest incorporating the multiple linear regression approach based on absorption feature parameters into existing working practices.
The aim of this study was to develop a fast and reliable method for determination of tablet coating thickness. Tablets were coated with polymeric Pharmacoat® 606 in a laboratory coater. The coating thickness was measured by near-IR absorption of the coating material using calibration. The calibration and validation results afforded the following parameters: determination coefficient R2 > 0.97, the number of factors 6 and the standard error of crossvalidation 5.4 ?m at the coating thickness 25–125 ?m. The obtained results confirmed suitability of the method for evaluation of coating quality.
Predmetom práce bolo doplnenie niektorých experimentálne stanovených fyzikálno-chemických deskriptorov 1-[3-(3-propoxyfenylkarbamoyloxy)-2-hydroxypropyl]-4-(3-trifluórmetylfenyl)piperazíniumchloridu (pracovne označeného ako 8e), účinnej, relatívne vysokolipofilnej zlúčeniny proti netuberkulóznemu M. kansasii My 235/80. Identita látky 8e bola potvrdená 1H- a 13C-NMR spektrami, spektrometriou v IR oblasti ako aj elementárnou analýzou. Výstup z hmotnostnej spektrometrie potvrdil existenciu molekulového iónu [M + H+]+. Čistota hodnotenej zlúčeniny 8e bola overená pomocou adsorpčnej chromatografie na tenkej vrstve, stabilita jej vodných a metanolových roztokov bola hodnotená pri pôsobení UV/VIS žiarenia. Hodnoty niektorých základných fyzikálno-chemických charakteristík molekuly 8e stanovených v redchádzajúcich publikáciách (pKa, log Pexp) boli korelované s konštantami, ktoré prislúchajú niektorým v praxi používaným antimykobakteriálne aktívnym molekulám (izoniazid, pyrazínamid, kyselina para -aminosalicylová, etiónamid, streptomycín). Pre stanovenie obsahu molekuly 8e sa použila RP-HPLC (reversed-phase HPLC) metóda vnútorného štandardu a UV/VIS spektrofotometria pri vlnovej dĺžke 238 nm (vodné prostredie) a 244 nm (prostredie metanolu).
The purpose of the paper was the completing of the experimentally estimated physicochemical descriptors spectrum of 1-[3-(3-propoxyphenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-hydroxypropyl]-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazinium chloride (labelled as 8e), an effective, highly lipophilic compound against non-tuberculous M. kansasii My 235/80. The identity of the structure 8e was verified by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectral data, IR spectrometry and by elemental analysis as well. The readout from mass spectrometry confirmed an existence of the molecular ion [M + H+]+. The purity of the evaluated compound 8e was checked by absorption thin-layer chromatography, the stability of its aqueous and methanolic solutions was investigated under UV/VIS light. The values of some physicochemical descriptors assigned to 8e, which had been previously published (pKa, log Pexp), were correlated with the constants associated with some antimycobacterially active molecules which are commonly used in therapeutical practice (isoniazid, pyrazinanide, para-aminosalicylic acid, ethionamide, streptomycine). For the content determination of the molecule of 8e, RP-HPLC (reversed-phase HPLC) method with an internal standard and UV/VIS spectrophotometry at the wavelength of 238 nm (aqueous medium) and at 244 nm (methanolic medium) were used.
- MeSH
- atypické mykobakteriální infekce farmakoterapie imunologie MeSH
- blízká infračervená spektroskopie MeSH
- chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
- farmaceutická chemie metody MeSH
- fenylkarbamáty analýza MeSH
- fyzikální chemie metody MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
- piperaziny analýza MeSH
- spektrofotometrie MeSH
BACKGROUND: The DNA lesions, resulting from oxidative damage, were shown to destabilize human telomere four-repeat quadruplex and to alter its structure. Long telomere DNA, as a repetitive sequence, offers, however, other mechanisms of dealing with the lesion: extrusion of the damaged repeat into loop or shifting the quadruplex position by one repeat. METHODS: Using circular dichroism and UV absorption spectroscopy and polyacrylamide electrophoresis, we studied consequences of lesions at different positions of the model five-repeat human telomere DNA sequences on the structure and stability of their quadruplexes in sodium and in potassium. RESULTS: The repeats affected by lesion are preferentially positioned as terminal overhangs of the core quadruplex structurally similar to the four-repeat one. Forced affecting of the inner repeats leads to presence of variety of more parallel folds in potassium. In sodium the designed models form mixture of two dominant antiparallel quadruplexes whose population varies with the position of the affected repeat. The shapes of quadruplex CD spectra, namely the height of dominant peaks, significantly correlate with melting temperatures. CONCLUSION: Lesion in one guanine tract of a more than four repeats long human telomere DNA sequence may cause re-positioning of its quadruplex arrangement associated with a shift of the structure to less common quadruplex conformations. The type of the quadruplex depends on the loop position and external conditions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: The telomere DNA quadruplexes are quite resistant to the effect of point mutations due to the telomere DNA repetitive nature, although their structure and, consequently, function might be altered.
- MeSH
- blízká infračervená spektroskopie MeSH
- bodová mutace MeSH
- cirkulární dichroismus MeSH
- G-kvadruplexy účinky léků MeSH
- guanin chemie MeSH
- konformace nukleové kyseliny účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxidační stres genetika MeSH
- repetitivní sekvence nukleových kyselin genetika MeSH
- sodík toxicita MeSH
- telomery chemie účinky léků genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Mixtures of ibandronate monosodium salt with eleven gluco- and/or galacto-pyranoside derivatives as counterions were designed to prepare co-crystals with improved intestinal absorption. In general, gastrointestinal absorption of bisphosphonates after oral administration is approximately 1%. Co-crystals were generated by means of thermodynamically and/or kinetically controlled crystallization processes. Seventy-seven prepared samples were analyzed by means of FT-NIR, FT-Raman spectrometry and solid state NMR spectroscopy. New entities of ibandronate monosodium salt with phenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside were found and characterized. The absorption of these potential new co-crystals was investigated by means of PAMPA experiments. In the present study the relationships between the chemical structures of the studied compounds required for co-crystal generation are discussed.
Anionic cyclopentadienyl (Cp) and its pentamethyl-substituted derivative (Cp*) serve as crucial ligands for creating stable π-coordinated materials, including catalysts. From a structural perspective, the π-extended analog of Cp, known as an N-fused porphyrin (NFP), is recognized as an intriguing 18π aromatic chromophore, offering near-infrared (NIR) optical properties that can be fine-tuned through metal complexation. When coordinated with rhodium at the central NFP core, it forms a sandwich binuclear rhodium(III) complex along with terminal and bridging chloride ligands, denoted as Rh-1, and its bromo derivative, Rh-1-Br. In contrast to the bis-NFP complex of iron(II) reported previously by our team, both Rh-1 and Rh-1-Br complexes exhibit strong NIR optical properties and narrow HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, attributed to minimal orbital interactions between the two co-facial NFP ligands. Leveraging these NIR absorption properties, we assessed the photothermal conversion properties of Rh-1 and ligand 1, revealing high conversion efficiency. This suggests their potential application as photothermal agents for use in photothermal therapy.
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are nanoparticles in which charge carriers are three dimensionally or quantum confined. The quantum confinement provides size-tunable absorption bands and emission color to QDs. Also, the photoluminescence (PL) of QDs is exceptionally bright and stable, making them potential candidates for biomedical imaging and therapeutic interventions. Although fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer have many advantages over imaging using ionizing radiations and chemo and radiation therapies, advancement of PDT is limited due to the poor availability of photostable and NIR fluorophores and photosensitizing (PS) drugs.
The gastrointestinal absorption of bisphosphonates is in general only about 1%. To address this problem mixtures of risedronate monosodium salt with twelve varied sugar alcohols, furanoses, pyranoses and eight gluco-, manno- and galactopyranoside derivatives as counterions were designed in an effort to prepare co-crystals/new entities with improved intestinal absorption. Crystalline forms were generated by means of kinetically and/or thermodynamically controlled crystallization processes. One hundred and fifty-two prepared samples were screened by means of FT-NIR and FT-Raman spectroscopy. No co-crystal was prepared, but noteworthy results were obtained. A new solid phase of risedronate monosodium salt generated in the presence of phenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside under thermodynamically controlled crystallization conditions was found and also characterized using solid state NMR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. This new polymorph was named as form P. Interactions between risedronate monosodium salt and both carbohydrates were confirmed by means of molecular dynamics simulation. In the present study the relationships between the chemical structures of the studied compounds required for crystalline form change are discussed.
- MeSH
- diferenciální skenovací kalorimetrie MeSH
- difrakce rentgenového záření MeSH
- galaktosidy chemie MeSH
- krystalizace MeSH
- kyselina etidronová analogy a deriváty chemie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- Ramanova spektroskopie MeSH
- sacharidy chemie MeSH
- spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
We prepared antibacterial polystyrene nanoparticles (NPs) with natural photosensitizers from chlorophyll (Chl) extract via a simple nanoprecipitation method using the same solvent for dissolution of the polystyrene matrix and extraction of Chls from spinach leaves. A high photo-oxidation and antibacterial effect was demonstrated on Escherichia coli and was based on the photogeneration of singlet oxygen O2(1Δg), which was directly monitored by NIR luminescence measurements and indirectly verified using a chemical trap. The photoactivity of NPs was triggered by visible light, with enhanced red absorption by Chls. To reduce the quenching effect of carotenoids (β-carotene, lutein, etc.) in the Chl extract, diluted and/or preirradiated samples, in which the photo-oxidized carotenoids lose their quenching effect, were used for preparation of the NPs. For enhanced photo-oxidation and antibacterial effects, a sulfonated polystyrene matrix was used for preparation of a stable dispersion of sulfonated NPs, with the quenching effect of carotenoids being suppressed.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
