RNA secondary (2D) structure visualization is an essential tool for understanding RNA function. R2DT is a software package designed to visualize RNA 2D structures in consistent, recognizable, and reproducible layouts. The latest release, R2DT 2.0, introduces multiple significant features, including the ability to display position-specific information, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms or SHAPE reactivities. It also offers a new template-free mode allowing visualization of RNAs without pre-existing templates, alongside a constrained folding mode and support for animated visualizations. Users can interactively modify R2DT diagrams, either manually or using natural language prompts, to generate new templates or create publication-quality images. Additionally, R2DT features faster performance, an expanded template library, and a growing collection of compatible tools and utilities. Already integrated into multiple biological databases, R2DT has evolved into a comprehensive platform for RNA 2D visualization, accessible at https://r2dt.bio.

• MeSH
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MeSH
• Nucleic Acid Conformation * MeSH
• Computer Graphics MeSH
• RNA * chemistry   MeSH
• RNA Folding MeSH
• Software * MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

AIM: To explore the influence of supervisory and mentoring relationships on the clinical learning experiences of Czech Nursing and health professional students in the context of patient safety events BACKGROUND: Clinical experience is integral to healthcare education, shaping skills, behaviours, values and professional identity. During clinical placements, students may encounter memorable patient safety events and experience varied reactions from mentors/supervisors/others. Some research has highlighted challenges faced by students on clinical placement. Few studies involve multiple professions, most emanating from Western Europe, the UK, the USA and Australia with little relating to central European countries such as the Czech Republic. DESIGN: Two stage interpretivist qualitative study based in social constructionism METHODS: Convenience sample across 13 undergraduate and 18 postgraduate health professions courses. Stage 1 (2022): using SLIPPS Learning Event Recording Tool translated into Czech. 20 students' (Midwifery=11, Nursing=1, Paramedic=1, Occupational therapy =7) submitted 21 patient safety learning event narratives. Stage 2 (2022): Focus group with 2 nursing and nine midwifery students. Phased thematic analysis involving multiple researchers. RESULTS: Three themes illustrate the circumstances and impact of placement mentoring/supervision experiences, conceptualised as: 'Clinical and Emotional Companionship', 'Clinical and Emotional Abandonment' and 'Sense of agency - Professional and personal growth'. 'Companionship' reflected the students' feelings of being welcomed, respected, heard, trusted and supported. Conversely 'abandonment' emerged from feelings of being unheard, vulnerable, humiliated, afraid, leaving students feeling abandoned, lonely and 'useless'. Notwithstanding these conditions, students showed the ability to identify patient safety issues with agency evident in reactions such as stepping-in to try to ameliorate a situation, rather than speaking-up. Professional and personal growth was also apparent in their narratives and a conceptual diagram illustrates the students' learning journeys in a patient safety context. CONCLUSION: The findings and new conceptualisations around abandonment and companionship emerging from this study expand the evidence base regarding the profound impact of clinical experience and mentorship/supervision on learning and students' emotional wellbeing. A sense of companionship appears to play a buffering role even in challenging circumstances of involvement in or witnessing compromised patients' safety. Allowing students a sense of belonging, to vent, grow, feel supported and safe to ask/learn - contributing to 'emotional safety for learning', promotes students' behaviour that may prevent/minimize hazards or ameliorate the aftermath. However, we must not simply blame mentors/supervisors, staff, or the students themselves- they are simply part of a much larger complex environment of professional education encompassing hidden curriculums, power dynamics and professional socialisation.

• MeSH
• Patient Safety * MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Clinical Competence MeSH
• Qualitative Research * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Mentoring MeSH
• Mentors psychology   MeSH
• Students, Nursing * psychology   MeSH
• Students, Health Occupations psychology   MeSH
• Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate MeSH
• Learning MeSH
• Focus Groups * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Učebnice se věnuje výkladu základních principů a přibližných metod kvantové mechaniky s důrazem na využití symetrií pro získání řešení praktických problémů. Je zde ukázáno, že symetrie nejen umožňují elegantní řešení problémů, které jsme schopni vyřešit přesně, ale též výrazně zjednodušují řešení problémů, které jsme nuceni řešit přibližně.Dále je zde podán, s minimem nutného formalismu, úvod do kvantové elektrodynamiky a jejímu použití pro fyziku nízkých energií. Systematicky je zde rozebrán vliv relativistických, magnetických a kvantově-elektrodynamických efektů na atomová spektra.Druhé, upravené vydání; Učebnice se věnuje výkladu základních principů a přibližných metod kvantové mechaniky s důrazem na využití symetrií pro získání řešení praktických problémů.Je zde ukázáno, že symetrie nejen umožňují elegantní řešení problémů, které jsme schopni vyřešit přesně, ale též výrazně zjednodušují řešení problémů, které jsme nuceni řešit přibližně. Dále je zde podán, s minimem nutného formalismu, úvod do kvantové elektrodynamiky a jejímu použití pro fyziku nízkých energií. Systematicky je zde rozebrán vliv relativistických, magnetických a kvantově-elektrodynamických efektů na atomová spektra.

OBJECTIVES: The scale of the economic problem of the occurrence of nosocomial infections and the resulting high additional costs of treatment can only be assessed using economic analyses. The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of a nosocomial infection in a patient in the treatment process and the direct costs of patient hospitalisation. The article contributes to a cost analysis, which is a relevant basis for adopting effective solutions and decisions on the introduction of new programmes and measures to reduce nosocomial infections and associated costs. METHODS: In the first phase of the micro-economic analysis, we analysed the course of hospitalisation of a non-colonised patient treated in an ordinary hospital room. In the second phase, we analysed the process of hospitalisation of a patient who developed a nosocomial infection and was transferred to an isolation room. The difference in cost of both types of treatment allowed us to carry out an economic analysis to estimate the direct costs of nosocomial infection, which are not related to the initial diagnosis of the patient but only to the patient hospitalisation. To calculate the individual types of direct costs of both alternative treatments, we first used the process flow diagram method, which then enabled us to analyse the impact of the occurrence of nosocomial infection on the efficiency and costs of the hospital. RESULTS: The results showed that the total direct cost of hospitalisation of a non-colonised patient was 1,317.58 euro per day, and the direct cost of hospitalisation of a patient with a nosocomial infection was 2,268.14 euro per day of hospitalisation. CONCLUSIONS: We found that reducing nosocomial infections would have a significant impact on the savings or reduction in healthcare costs associated with a different work process for patients in isolation. It would save 950.56 euro per patient for each day of hospitalisation for individual treatment of a patient hospitalised in an isolation room as consequence of a nosocomial infection.

• MeSH
• Hospitalization MeSH
• Cross Infection * epidemiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Health Care Costs MeSH
• Hospitals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Introduction: Investigation of molecular mechanisms of human disorders, especially rare diseases, require exploration of various knowledge repositories for building precise hypotheses and complex data interpretation. Recently, increasingly more resources offer diagrammatic representation of such mechanisms, including disease-dedicated schematics in pathway databases and disease maps. However, collection of knowledge across them is challenging, especially for research projects with limited manpower. Methods: In this article we present an automated workflow for construction of maps of molecular mechanisms for rare diseases. The workflow requires a standardized definition of a disease using Orphanet or HPO identifiers to collect relevant genes and variants, and to assemble a functional, visual repository of related mechanisms, including data overlays. The diagrams composing the final map are unified to a common systems biology format from CellDesigner SBML, GPML and SBML+layout+render. The constructed resource contains disease-relevant genes and variants as data overlays for immediate visual exploration, including embedded genetic variant browser and protein structure viewer. Results: We demonstrate the functionality of our workflow on two examples of rare diseases: Kawasaki disease and retinitis pigmentosa. Two maps are constructed based on their corresponding identifiers. Moreover, for the retinitis pigmentosa use-case, we include a list of differentially expressed genes to demonstrate how to tailor the workflow using omics datasets. Discussion: In summary, our work allows for an ad-hoc construction of molecular diagrams combined from different sources, preserving their layout and graphical style, but integrating them into a single resource. This allows to reduce time consuming tasks of prototyping of a molecular disease map, enabling visual exploration, hypothesis building, data visualization and further refinement. The code of the workflow is open and accessible at https://gitlab.lcsb.uni.lu/minerva/automap/.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Kniha představuje aktuální trendy i historický vývoj teoretických konceptů studia neologismů a sociolektismů, včetně paralel a paradoxů v jejich slovníkovém zpracování, tj. otázky vzájemného vztahu neografie a sociolektografie. Na francouzském jazykovém materiálu jsou nastíněny možnosti, jak optikou sociolexikologie přistupovat k neustále se proměňujícím projevům generační či skupinové soudržnosti. Takto definovaná sociolingvistika inovací zahrnuje především modelizaci difuze neologismů, tedy hledání důvodů a způsobů šíření nových slov ve společnosti. Případové studie mimo jiné poukazují na možnosti extrakce lexikálních inovací z generačně příznakových sociolektů a jejich testování pomocí časosběrné dotazníkové metody. Pozornost je věnována také textům rapových písní, které jsou unikátním zdrojem informací o sémantickém vývoji identitárních neologismů.; CrossRef Cited-by

Vysokoškolská učebnice, ktorá sa zameriava na lekársku fyziológiu.; Vysokoškolská učebnica z pera popredných fyziológov prináša komplexný pohľad na funkcie ľudského tela, na ich mechanizmy, regulácie a možnosti ich vyšetrovania. Predkladané poznatky sú základom patologickej fyziológie a klinických disciplín. Učebnica je určená poslucháčom lekárskych fakúlt, ale i ďalších vysokoškolských biomedicínskych odborov.

• MeSH
• Physiology MeSH
• Medicine MeSH

• Conspectus
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NML Fields
• fyziologie
• lékařství
• NML Publication type
• učebnice vysokých škol

In this work, we have examined an electrochemical behavior of the ephedrine at the polarized liquid-liquid interface (water/1,2-dichloroethane). In this respect, we first designed and then 3D printed polyamide-based electrochemical cell that was used as the liquid-liquid interface support during electroanalytical measurements. The protonated ephedrine undergoes a reversible ion transfer reaction with the standard Galvani potential difference equal to +0.269 V. This value was used to calculate the water - 1,2-dichloroethane logP equal to -4.6. Ion transfer voltammetry was used to build the calibration curve and allowed for the ephedrine detection from concentration equal to 20 μM. By varying the pH of the aqueous phase from 2 up to 12 we were able to plot the ion partition diagram that was further analyzed and provided several pharmacochemical information. To further push this work towards practical utility, we have formulated the artificial urine and studied the interfacial behavior of all its components at the polarized liquid-liquid interface. Ephedrine detection from real spiked urine samples was also performed.

• MeSH
• Printing, Three-Dimensional * MeSH
• Ephedrine * chemistry   MeSH
• Ethylene Dichlorides * MeSH
• Water MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) are essential for all life, and their functions often depend on their secondary (2D) and tertiary structure. Despite the abundance of software for the visualisation of ncRNAs, few automatically generate consistent and recognisable 2D layouts, which makes it challenging for users to construct, compare and analyse structures. Here, we present R2DT, a method for predicting and visualising a wide range of RNA structures in standardised layouts. R2DT is based on a library of 3,647 templates representing the majority of known structured RNAs. R2DT has been applied to ncRNA sequences from the RNAcentral database and produced >13 million diagrams, creating the world's largest RNA 2D structure dataset. The software is amenable to community expansion, and is freely available at https://github.com/rnacentral/R2DT and a web server is found at https://rnacentral.org/r2dt .

• MeSH
• Databases, Nucleic Acid MeSH
• Nucleic Acid Conformation MeSH
• RNA, Untranslated chemistry   MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• RNA chemistry   MeSH
• Sequence Analysis, RNA MeSH
• Software MeSH
• Computational Biology methods   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

The detection of cancer antigens is a major aim of cancer research in order to develop better patient management through early disease detection. Many cancers including prostate, lung, and ovarian secrete a protein disulfide isomerase protein named AGR2 that has been previously detected in urine and plasma using mass spectrometry. Here we determine whether a previously developed monoclonal antibody targeting AGR2 can be adapted from an indirect two-site ELISA format into a direct detector using solid-phase printed gold electrodes. The screen-printed gold electrode was surface functionalized with the anti-AGR2 specific monoclonal antibody. The interaction of the recombinant AGR2 protein and the anti-AGR2 monoclonal antibody functionalized electrode changed its electrochemical impedance spectra. Nyquist diagrams were obtained after incubation in an increasing concentration of purified AGR2 protein with a range of concentrations from 0.01 fg/mL to 10 fg/mL. In addition, detection of the AGR2 antigen can be achieved from cell lysates in medium or artificial buffer. These data highlight the utility of an AGR2-specific monoclonal antibody that can be functionalized onto a gold printed electrode for a one-step capture and quantitation of the target antigen. These platforms have the potential for supporting methodologies using more complex bodily fluids including plasma and urine for improved cancer diagnostics.

• MeSH
• Biosensing Techniques * MeSH
• Electrochemical Techniques MeSH
• Electrodes MeSH
• Metal Nanoparticles MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Limit of Detection MeSH
• Antibodies, Monoclonal MeSH
• Mucoproteins analysis   MeSH
• Neoplasms MeSH
• Oncogene Proteins analysis   MeSH
• Gold MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH