Q19941928
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Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Agentury pro zdravotnický výzkum MZ ČR
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Kmenové buňky získané liposukcí z tukové tkáně pacientů budou v tomto mezioborovém projektu využity k inženýrství bioarteficiální kostní, cévní a kožní tkáně. Nejprve budou vypracovány podmínky liposukce (především lokální anestézie, negativní tlak) optimální pro získání vysokého počtu životaschopných kmenových buněk. Tyto buňky budou dále vhodnými kultivačními podmínkami diferencovány směrem k osteoblastům a cévním hladkým svalovým buňkám, cévním endotelovým buňkám a keratinocytům. Kultivační podmínky budou zahrnovat: (i) nosič buněk z „umělého“ materiálu s vhodnými fyzikálně-chemickými vlastnostmi, jako je např. tuhost, deformabilita, smáčivost, náboj a vodivost, drsnost, morfologie, povrchová chemická struktura, 2D či 3D struktura, (ii) složení kultivačního média, (iii) mechanickou stimulaci v dynamickém bioreaktoru a (iv) elektrickou stimulaci. Diferencované buňky budou využity ke konstrukci hybridních náhrad kostní tkáně, cév a kůže. Tyto konstrukty budou obsahovat materiál nejvhodnější pro danou aplikaci a buněčnou složku, a budou perspektivní pro budoucí klinické aplikace.; In this interdisciplinary project, adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) will be obtained by liposuction from the fat tissue of patients. Optimal conditions of the liposuction (particularly local anesthesia, negative pressure) will be elaborated in order to obtain the ASCs in high numbers and viability. ASCs will be then differentiated towards osteoblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells and keratinocytes by appropriate cell culture conditions, namely (i) a cell carrier with suitable physicochemical properties, such as rigidity or deformability, wettability, charge and conductivity, roughness and morphology, surface chemical structure, 2D or 3D structure, (ii) composition of cell culture media, (iii) mechanical stimulation in dynamic bioreactors and (iv) electrical stimulation. The differentiated ASCs will be used for construction of hybrid replacements of the bone tissue, blood vessels and skin. These replacements will contain a material carrier optimal for a given application and a cell component, and will be promising for future clinical applications.
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace MeSH
- elektrická stimulace MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lipektomie MeSH
- mezenchymální kmenové buňky MeSH
- primární buněčná kultura MeSH
- protézy a implantáty MeSH
- regenerativní lékařství MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- biomedicínské inženýrství
- cytologie, klinická cytologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR
Na perfluoralkylové látky (PFAS) je v posledních letech soustředěná pozornost širší veřejnosti, protože to jsou látky znečišťující životní prostředí. Jsou to např. kyselina perfluoroktanová a perfluoroktansulfonová. Tyto látky vznikají průmyslovou aktivitou člověka především při výrobě polymerů nebo nepřilnavých povrchů. Odpadní vodou nebo i jinými cestami se mohou dostat do prostředí, a tak kontaminovat zdroje pitné vody nebo potraviny. Jejich působení na organismy a lidské zdraví je rozsáhle studováno a jejich přítomnosti v organismu je připisován vliv na mnohé zdravotní komplikace, dokonce i některé druhy rakoviny. Z toho důvodu byly stanoveny přípustné limity PFAS v pitné vodě a jejich regulací se zabývají mnohé státní orgány a mezinárodní organizace. Aktuálním standardem v detekci PFAS jsou chromatografické metody. V současnosti jsou zkoumány i nové metody detekce především optickou a elektrochemickou cestou. Jejich příklady jsou v textu detailněji popsány a diskutovány.
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have gained wider public attention in recent years as environmental pollutants which include perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid. These substances are produced by industry, mainly during the manufacture of polymers or non-stick surfaces. They can enter the environment through waste water or other routes and contaminate drinking water sources or food. Their effects on organisms and human health have been extensively studied and their presence in the body has been attributed to many health complications including cancer. For this reason, limits for PFAS in drinking water have been established and their regulation is being addressed by many governments and international organisations. Chromatographic methods are the current standard for PFAS detection, but new detection methods, mainly optical and electrochemical, are currently being investigated. Examples of these are described in more detail in the text.
- MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky klasifikace metody MeSH
- fluorescenční spektrometrie metody MeSH
- fluorokarbony * analýza chemie škodlivé účinky toxicita MeSH
- hodnocení vlivů na zdraví metody MeSH
- impedanční spektroskopie metody MeSH
- kontaminace potravin MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí analýza klasifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is produced by some bacterial strains to enable them to keep on the surface of cultural media. Compared to “common” cellulose, BNC becomes even more popular for its higher crystallinity and better mechanical properties. It can be used in a broad spectrum of industrial applications. This work describes the structure, properties, and origin of BNC together with factors that can affect the growth of BNC in a laboratory. Possible usage in industry, particularly in various medical applications, such as wound healing, is also discussed.
- Klíčová slova
- bakteriální nanocelulosa,
- MeSH
- anaerobní bakterie MeSH
- celulosa * biosyntéza terapeutické užití MeSH
- hojení ran MeSH
- kultivační techniky metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nanostruktury terapeutické užití MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství MeSH
- zpracovatelský průmysl MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The present work provides an overview of the results of studies devoted to the use of two polymers, polyetheretherketone and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene in the field of tissue engineering. The effect of plasma modification and cathode sputtering of gold on polymer surface properties and especially on cytocompatibility of these polymers was described. Both modification steps lead to significant changes of surface properties, such as the chemical composition of the surface layer, wettability, roughness and surface morphology. These properties have a significant effect on the surface biocompatibility. Plasma modification has a beneficial effect on cell adhesion and proliferation depending on the duration of exposure. The duration of sputtering affects the size and stability of the gold nanostructures, isolated nanoclusters can partially be released into the biological solution and thus affect the cytocompatibility of the polymer.
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
- polymery * MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Biologically active metals, especially silver, are able to form nanostructured coatings of biocompatible polymers with the objective to enhance the functionality of polymeric material. This review refers to three types of strongly antibacterially active silver nanostructures (nanolayers, nanoislands and nanowires) suitable for biological applications, such as coatings which can prevent nosocomial infections. The mechanism of antibacterial effects of nanostructured Ag and its advantages, as compared with conventional antibiotics, are described. Subsequently, selected techniques for the preparation of these antibacterial coatings of biocompatible polymers are discussed. An emphasis is put on the possibility to increase the antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of the material by modifying the surface morphology of original polymer.
- Klíčová slova
- antibakteriální účinek,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- biomedicínské a zubní materiály MeSH
- nanostruktury MeSH
- polymery MeSH
- stříbro * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This review discusses the methods of the nanofabrication of metal-polymer composites, especially those based on silver nanostructures. The advantages of composites based on biocompatible polymer matrix, as well as their modifications with suitable techniques are broadly discussed. Different forms of silver nanostructures are reviewed with special emphasis on their antimicrobial activity. Mechanisms of the antimicrobial action of the silver nanostructures are summarized together with proposed ways of passing through the cell wall and processes triggered in cellular environment.
This review focuses on the possibility of surface treatment of a sample to increase its bioactivity. For polymeric materials, two methods of how to modify the surface are discussed: excimer laser beam radiation and plasma modification. In the former method, a high absorbance of the polymeric material in wavelengths of the modifying laser light is required to form surface structures, namely, periodic surfaces of various shapes. This morphology in some polymers leads to an increase in the number of cultured cells on the substrate and to the orientation along the surface structures. In the latter method, material ablation may occur when plasma has a sufficient power. Plasma-modified polymer surface exerts a positive effect on the cell adhesion and therefore this method finds its application in, e.g., medicine.
The design of smart surfaces with externally triggerable water/oil wettability and adhesion represents one of the most up-to-date challenges in the field of material science. In this work, the intelligent surface with electrically triggerable wettability and water/oil adhesion is presented. As a basic material background exhibiting electric field (EF) sensitivity, the piezo-responsive polymethylmethacrylate/polyvinylidenefluoride polymer fibers were used. To expand the available range of water/oil contact angles (CAs) and adhesion, the fibers were grafted with hydrophilic or hydrophobic functional groups using diazonium chemistry. The fiber functionality was evaluated using the static CA and wettability hysteresis measurements (increasing/decreasing drop volume and tilting angles), drops adhesion/repellence and graphite self-cleaning test performed with and without the application of EF. It was found that the proposed method enables tuning the surface wettability in the superhydrophobic/superoleophobic-hydrophilic/oleophilic range and changing of surface properties from low adhesive to high adhesive for water and oil. More convincing results were achieved in the case of fiber surface modification by ADT-C8F17, which may result from a rearrangement of the grated -C6H4C8F17 functional group under the application of EF triggering. Moreover, the triggering which can be performed in the extremely fast way (the surface responds to the EF switching on/off in seconds) was found to be fully reversible. Finally, the additional tests indicate the satisfactory stability of created fiber-based coating against the mechanical treatment.
Cellulose-based biomaterials are safe and ordinarily used in human medicine. Owing to its properties, cellulose is still in the biomaterial research spotlight, mainly in wound dressing area. The review brings an overview of chemical and physical means of cellulose modification that have been done so far, particularly to improve material properties and to introduce antibacterial properties. The most frequent antibacterial finishing of cellulose-based materials is the modification with silver that is effective against broad spectrum of bacteria species and has low risk of resistance development. A special subchapter is therefore dedicated to the antibacterial effect of silver.
- Klíčová slova
- fyzikální modifikace, chemická modifikace,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály * klasifikace MeSH
- celulosa * analogy a deriváty chemie klasifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- plazmové plyny klasifikace MeSH
- rány a poranění ošetřování MeSH
- regenerativní lékařství MeSH
- sloučeniny stříbra terapeutické užití MeSH
- stříbro terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
We studied the surface properties and cytocompatibil-ity of a grafted biopolymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB). P3HB was exposed to an inert argon plasma dis-charge, then grafted by 1,1 '-biphenyl-4,4 '-dithiol (BFD) and finally grafted by golden nanoparticles (nanospheres and nanorods). The surface properties were studied using multiple methods – goniometry, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Cytocompatibility was determined in vitro by studying adhesion, prolifera-tion and viability of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the aorta of Rattus norvegicus. The cyto-compatibility was compared for pristine, modified P3HB and standard tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). Our re-sults show that surface morphology and wettability are affected by both plasma discharge and nanoparticles graft-ing. These changes suggest that the adhesion and prolifera-tion of VSMCs is enhanced more on the plasma modified and grafted substrate.
