- MeSH
- Hygiene MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Health Care Costs MeSH
- Disposable Equipment * MeSH
- Equipment and Supplies economics MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Editorial MeSH
The distributed nature of modern research emphasizes the importance of collecting and sharing the history of digital and physical material, to improve the reproducibility of experiments and the quality and reusability of results. Yet, the application of the current methodologies to record provenance information is largely scattered, leading to silos of provenance information at different granularities. To tackle this fragmentation, we developed the Common Provenance Model, a set of guidelines for the generation of interoperable provenance information, and to allow the reconstruction and the navigation of a continuous provenance chain. This work presents the first version of the model, available online, based on the W3C PROV Data Model and the Provenance Composition pattern.
- MeSH
- Biological Science Disciplines * MeSH
- Reproducibility of Results MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Proper respiratory tract protection is the key factor to limiting the rate of COVID-19 spread and providing a safe environment for health care workers. Traditional N95 (FFP2) respirators are not easy to regenerate and thus create certain financial and ecological burdens; moreover, their quality may vary significantly. A solution that would overcome these disadvantages is desirable. In this study a commercially available knit polyester fleece fabric was selected as the filter material, and a total of 25 filters of different areas and thicknesses were prepared. Then, the size-resolved filtration efficiency (40-400 nm) and pressure drop were evaluated at a volumetric flow rate of 95 L/min. We showed the excellent synergistic effect of expanding the filtration area and increasing the number of filtering layers on the filtration efficiency; a filter cartridge with 8 layers of knit polyester fabric with a surface area of 900 cm2 and sized 25 × 14 × 8 cm achieved filtration efficiencies of 98% at 95 L/min and 99.5% at 30 L/min. The assembled filter kit consists of a filter cartridge (14 Pa) carried in a small backpack connected to a half mask with a total pressure drop of 84 Pa at 95 L/min. In addition, it is reusable, and the filter material can be regenerated at least ten times by simple methods, such as boiling. We have demonstrated a novel approach for creating high-quality and easy-to-breathe-through respiratory protective equipment that reduces operating costs and is a green solution because it is easy to regenerate.
- MeSH
- Aerosols MeSH
- COVID-19 * prevention & control MeSH
- Equipment Design MeSH
- Filtration methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Masks MeSH
- Polyesters MeSH
- Respiratory Protective Devices * MeSH
- Materials Testing methods MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Nanozymes (NZs) are nanomaterials that mimic enzyme-like catalytic activity. They have attracted substantial attention due to their inherent physicochemical properties for use as promising alternatives to natural enzymes (NEs) in a variety of research fields. Particularly, in biosensing and bioassays, NZs have opened a new horizon to eliminate the intrinsic limitations of NEs, including their denaturation at extreme pH values and temperatures, poor reusability and recyclability, and high production costs. Moreover, the catalytic activity of NZs can be modulated in the preparation step by following an appropriate synthesis strategy. This review aims to gain insight into the potential substitution of NEs by NZs in biosensing and bioassays while considering both the pros and cons.
- MeSH
- Biosensing Techniques * MeSH
- Biological Assay MeSH
- Enzymes MeSH
- Catalysis MeSH
- Nanostructures * MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
Úvod: Provádění dezinfekce opakovaně používaných high touch předmětů a ploch patří k významným aspektům prevence infekcí spojených se zdravotní péčí a také pro kvalitní a bezpečné poskytování zdravotních služeb. Sestry by měly mít znalosti o postupu provedení mechanické očisty a dezinfekce, dezinfekčních prostředcích, včetně spektra účinnosti, přípravě a způsobu aplikace dezinfekčních prostředků. Design: Průřezový kvantitativní výzkum pomocí dotazníku. Metody: Kvantitativním výzkumem s využitím techniky dotazníku byly zjišťovány znalosti sester o zásadách provedení mechanické očisty a dezinfekce opakovaně používaných nekritických předmětů a ploch v klinické praxi. Výzkumný soubor tvořilo 184 sester ve vybrané nemocnici krajského typu v České republice. Výzkumu se zúčastnili respondenti ze standardních interních a chirurgických oddělení. Data byla analyzována pomocí popisné statistiky a statistického testu. Výsledek: V rámci výzkumu bylo zjištěno, že 68,5 % sester zná postup dekontaminace pracovní plochy bez přítomnosti biologického materiálu a 51,1 % sester zná postup dekontaminace pracovního podnosu s přítomností biologického materiálu. O interpretaci spektra účinnosti dezinfekčních prostředků má znalosti 51,1 % sester a 65,2 % sester má znalosti o ředění dezinfekčního roztoku. Závěr: Na základě výsledků výzkumu lze uvést, že sestry mají v některých oblastech adekvátní znalosti, ovšem i tak je nutné zajistit pravidelné školení o zásadách provedení dekontaminace vybraných předmětů a ploch používaných v ošetřovatelské praxi. Infekce spojené se zdravotní péčí lze ovlivnit dodržováním nastavených hygienicko-epidemiologických zásad.
Introduction: Performing disinfection of reusable high-touch objects and surfaces is one of the important aspects in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. It is also important for the quality and safe provision of medical services. Nurses should have the knowledge to perform mechanical cleaning and disinfection, and of disinfectants, including the range of effectiveness, preparation, and method of application of disinfectants. Design: Cross-sectional quantitative research using a questionnaire. Methods: Quantitative research using the questionnaire technique was used to determine the knowledge of nurses about the principles of mechanical cleaning and disinfection of repeatedly used non-critical objects and areas in clinical practice. The research group consisted of 184 nurses from a selected regional hospital in the Czech Republic. Respondents from standard internal medicine and surgical departments participated in the research. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a statistical test. Results: The research found that 68.5% of nurses knew the procedure for the decontamination of work surfaces without the presence of biological material, and 51.1% of nurses knew the procedure for the decontamination of work trays with the presence of biological material. 51.1% of nurses were aware of the interpretation of the range of the effectiveness of disinfectants, and 65.2% of nurses were aware of the dilution of disinfectant solution. Conclusions: Based on the results of the research, we can state that nurses have adequate knowledge in some areas, but even so, it is necessary to provide regular training in the principles of decontamination of selected objects and areas used in nursing practice. Infections associated with health care can be influenced by following established hygienic-epidemiological principles.
Phosphorus reduction from wastewater is vital to mitigate eutrophication of receiving waters. In this study, discarded lignocellulose biochar loaded with lanthanum (defined as La-biochar) was applied for phosphate adsorption. Based on the design of response surface methodology, La-biochar displayed a high phosphate adsorption capacity of 36.06 mg P/g, strong pH-compatibility from 3 to 12, favorable selectivity for phosphate among foreign ions (Cl-, SO42-, CO32-, HCO3- and NO3-), excellent reusability with 92.3% desorption efficiency and retained 85% adsorption capacity after five recycles. The adsorption law of La-biochar perfectly matched with the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model. Moreover, real wastewater adsorption experiments indicated the removal of total phosphorus within 20 min. Ligand exchange, electrostatic attraction, and complexation mechanisms contributed to phosphate adsorption on La-biochar. Overall, the La-biochar material could be applied as a potential sustainable building block for the preconcentration of phosphorus for practical pollutant purification.
- MeSH
- Adsorption MeSH
- Charcoal MeSH
- Phosphates * MeSH
- Kinetics MeSH
- Lanthanum * MeSH
- Lignin MeSH
- Regeneration MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Imobilizace enzymů a mikroorganismů se stala nedílnou součástí mnoha biotechnologických procesů. V dnešní době je pro imobilizaci k dispozici celá řada anorganických, organických i syntetických materiálů a způsobů imobilizace, pomocí kterých je možné zvýšit stabilitu biokatalyzátorů, zajistit možnost jejich opětovného použití, a tím snížit náklady výrobního procesu. Zda je pro daný proces vhodné biokatalyzátor imobilizovat či nikoliv, závisí na řadě parametrů, mimo jiné na typu biokatalyzátoru, jeho vlastnostech a na aplikaci výsledného produktu.
Immobilization of enzymes and microorganisms has become an important part of many biotechnological processes. Different types of inorganic, organic, and synthetic materials and immobilization methods are used for increasing the biocatalyst stability, reusability and reduction of operating costs. Suitability of biocatalyst immobilization in the process depends on many parameters, such as biocatalyst properties, type of product and its application.
- MeSH
- Biocatalysis * MeSH
- Biotechnology methods MeSH
- Enzymes * MeSH
- Immobilization MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
The known challenge of underutilization of data and biological material from biorepositories as potential resources for medical research has been the focus of discussion for over a decade. Recently developed guidelines for improved data availability and reusability-entitled FAIR Principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability)-are likely to address only parts of the problem. In this article, we argue that biological material and data should be viewed as a unified resource. This approach would facilitate access to complete provenance information, which is a prerequisite for reproducibility and meaningful integration of the data. A unified view also allows for optimization of long-term storage strategies, as demonstrated in the case of biobanks. We propose an extension of the FAIR Principles to include the following additional components: (1) quality aspects related to research reproducibility and meaningful reuse of the data, (2) incentives to stimulate effective enrichment of data sets and biological material collections and its reuse on all levels, and (3) privacy-respecting approaches for working with the human material and data. These FAIR-Health principles should then be applied to both the biological material and data. We also propose the development of common guidelines for cloud architectures, due to the unprecedented growth of volume and breadth of medical data generation, as well as the associated need to process the data efficiently.
Veda, výskum ako aj technologický rozvoj je prioritou pomáhajúcou vytvárať prosperitu, rozvoj spoločnosti a kvalitu života. Príspevok je výsledkom práce interdisciplinárneho tímu, ktorého snahou bolo poukázať na možnosť multiodborového prepojenia viacerých vedných odborov (medicíny, ošetrovateľstva a techniky), výsledkom ktorého je experimentálna analýza problematiky hydroabrazívneho delenia kostného tkaniva s poukázaním na technologický proces s využitím vodného prúdu, príčin nerovnosti povrchu na kostných tkanivách. Experimenty boli realizované v rámci projektu Podpory vědy a výskumu v Moravskoslezkém kraji 2010 (RRC/03/2010) a predstavujú prvú etapu v rámci použitia predmetnej technológie v ortopedickej chirurgii s následným dopadom na poukázanie možností zvýšenia kvality tak samotného operačného zákroku súvisiaceho s technologickým postupom výmeny bedrového kĺbu, ako aj následným dopadom na pacienta/klienta. Experimentálna štúdia skúmala, či kvalita hydroabrazívneho delenia kostných tkanív s biokompatibilnými abrazívnymi časticami je vhodná pre implantáciu a reimplantáciu endoprotéz. Za týmto účelom bolo vykonaných 30 pokusov na kostiach ošípaných.
- MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Animal Experimentation MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Bone and Bones surgery MeSH
- Equipment Reuse statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Orthopedic Equipment trends MeSH
- Orthopedics methods MeSH
- Surface Properties MeSH
- Swine MeSH
- Materials Testing MeSH
- Water MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Evaluation Study MeSH
