Sludge
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Biochemical parameters such as soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), phosphate, ammonium nitrogen and proteins are often used to characterize the efficiency of disintegration of waste activated sludge (WAS) flocs and microorganism cells. In this study, the chemical disintegration using peroxymonosulfate (MPS, Oxone) and thermally activated MPS, were evaluated for the destruction of WAS. Our study was conducted for chemical disintegration of WAS by MPS in doses between 84.7 - 847.5 mg/g(TS) activated by temperatures of 50, 70 and 90 °C over 30 minutes. The application of these methods causes an increase in the soluble COD value and protein concentration in the supernatant. Also, they positively influence the sludge volume index (SVI) which decreased from 89.8 to 17.2 ml/g. Our research work confirmed that the application of thermally activated MPS may become a new effective way of improving sewage treatment and sewage sludge processing.
- MeSH
- chemické znečištění vody prevence a kontrola MeSH
- čištění vody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- odpadní vody MeSH
- zdraví ve městech MeSH
- zemědělství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Sewage sludge treatment is becoming one of the most significant challenges for domestic wastewater management. Optimization of sludge management for reducing sludge handling cost in wastewater treatment plant is highly demanded. Sludge treatment reed bed system (STRB) is an eco-environmentally friendly technology which has a low investment input and reduced costs for operation and maintenance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of earthworm assistant STRB in terms of sludge dewatering and stabilization of surplus sludge. The results show that draining and evapotranspiration (ET) take the main role for sludge dewatering; with maximum of 77 and 43 % water was removed through draining and ET, respectively. Plants improved ET rate up to 13.1 % in the planted STRB compare with the unplanted STRB. The combination of plants and earthworms increased ET rate of 20.9 % more than the control STRB (unplanted without earthworms). The planted STRB with earthworm reached the lowest water content in accumulated sludge of 46 %. There was a systematic increase of total solids (TS) concentration from 0.5 % in the influent to 25-54 % in the accumulated sludge. Earthworms enhanced the sludge stabilization dramatic with the ratio of volatile solids (VS)/TS decreased from 49 % in the influent to 18 % in the accumulated sludge in the earthworm assistant STRB. The results demonstrated a good efficiency for sludge dewatering and stabilization with the assistant of earthworms in STRBs, which can be an alternative technology for sludge treatment in wastewater treatment plants.
- MeSH
- kvalita vody MeSH
- mokřady * MeSH
- nakládání s odpady metody MeSH
- odpadní vody * MeSH
- Oligochaeta fyziologie MeSH
- voda MeSH
- zázvorníkotvaré * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
Biogas, digested sludge and sludge liquor are the main products of anaerobic sludge digestion. Each of the products is influenced significantly by specific conditions of the digestion process. Therefore, any upgrade of the digestion technology must be considered with regard to quality changes in all products. Microaeration is one of the methods used for the improvement of biogas quality. Recently, microaeration has been proved to be a relatively simple and highly efficient biological method of sulfide removal in the anaerobic digestion of biosolids, but little attention has been paid to comparing the quality of digested sludge and sludge liquor in the anaerobic and microaerobic digestion and that is why this paper primarily deals with this area of research. The results of the long-term monitoring of digested sludge quality and sludge liquor quality in the anaerobic and microaerobic digesters suggest that products of both technologies are comparable. However, there are several parameters in which the 'microaerobic' products have a significantly better quality such as: sulfide (68% lower) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) (33% lower) concentrations in the sludge liquor and the lower foaming potential of the digested sludge.
Malting sludge is waste that could be used as a good soil conditioner after proper treatment. In the current study, the feasibility of vermicomposting malting sludge and its mixtures with straw pellets on the basis of physico-chemical and biological properties was verified. A vermicomposting system with continuous feeding of earthworms Eisenia andrei was used. The greatest number and biomass of earthworms was found in the variant with 25% malt house sludge + 75% straw pellets (on average of all layers: 320 earthworms/kg and 35 g/kg, respectively), followed by a variant with 50% malt house sludge + 50% straw pellets (on average of all layers: 47 earthworms/kg and 13 g/kg, respectively), indicating that a minimum of 50% (vol.) straw pellets is necessary for successful vermicomposting of malting sludge. Most earthworms lived in the youngest upper layer (42% and 52% of total number and earthworm biomass, respectively). On the contrary, the oldest bottom layers (final vermicomposts) after 180 days of vermicomposting were characterized by maturity, indicating lesser contents of microorganisms and enzyme activity. These vermicomposts had favorable agrochemical properties (pH = 7.8, EC = 1.2 mS cm-1, C/N = 11, Ptot = 1.23%, Ktot = 2.55%, Mgtot = 0.42%). The proportion of the available contents in the total contents were 10%, 59%, and 19% for P, K, and Mg, respectively.
- MeSH
- biomasa MeSH
- odpadní vody * MeSH
- Oligochaeta * MeSH
- půda MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The main aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a hybrid disintegration process with the use of alkalization and freezing by dry ice on waste activated sludge (WAS) and on the course of the process of mesophilic methane fermentation. In order to achieve the mentioned goal, various analytical techniques were used for assessment of the sludge disintegration and its influence on the further biogas production. As a result of the investigation, it was found that the chemical-thermal process of destruction of WAS results in an increased concentration of organic compounds in the supernatant (expressed as a change in the value of the soluble chemical oxygen demand - SCOD). The use of disintegrated WAS and feeding of the material into the fermentation digester influences, depending on its proportion by volume, the production of biogas and the biogas yield (higher biogas production by ca. 39% in comparison to blank sample was achieved with the appropriately disintegrated sludge). The hybrid process is simple and easy to implement in the full technical scale and does not influence or change the pH value of the sludge feed into the fermentation chambers (the dry ice neutralizes the high pH of the sludge). Additionally, it was determined that the herein developed process, can improve hygienization of the digested sludge.
- MeSH
- anaerobióza MeSH
- biopaliva analýza MeSH
- bioreaktory mikrobiologie MeSH
- čištění vody metody MeSH
- hydrolýza MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- měření biologické spotřeby kyslíku MeSH
- methan biosyntéza MeSH
- odpad tekutý - odstraňování metody MeSH
- odpadní vody chemie mikrobiologie MeSH
- sanitace metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Postaeration, where digested sludge is introduced into aerobic conditions, is a technology that could improve the quality of sludge and sludge liquor in many ways. Although it is a fairly simple process, only few data about the effect of postaeration have been published. In this study, batch experiments have been performed first, indicating that postaeration affects the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and sludge dewaterability. In the removal of TAN, both stripping and biological oxidation can play an important role depending on specific condition. Then the postaeration was investigated in a semicontinuous batch reactor. In addition, the effect of postaeration on the concentration of selected micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals, EOX and AOX was studied. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8, 6, 4 and 2 days and different aeration intensities were tested. The TAN removal efficiency achieved was about 40-60%, sludge dewaterability expressed by sludge cake total solids (TS) concentration after dewatering improved relatively by 5-30%. In addition, TS degradation is also taking place and therefore the reduction of the amount of final sludge to be disposed could be even higher. The biggest changes in observed parameters were recorded at the longest HRT.
- MeSH
- amoniak MeSH
- bioreaktory MeSH
- dusík MeSH
- odpad tekutý - odstraňování * MeSH
- odpadní vody * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
