OBJECTIVES: A growing body of research has incorporated the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) into an expanded understanding of the social determinants of health. Although each component of SVI and its association with individual-level mental health conditions have been well discussed, variation in mentally unhealthy days (MUDs) at a county level is still unexplored. To systematically examine the geographically varying relationships between SVI and MUDs across the US counties, our study adopted two different methods: 1) aspatial regression modeling (ordinary least square [OLS]); and 2) locally calibrated spatial regression (geographically weighted regression [GWR]). STUDY DESIGN: This study used a cross-sectional statistical design and geospatial data manipulation/analysis techniques. Analytical unit is each of the 3109 counties in the continental USA. METHODS: We tested the model performance of two different methods and suggest using both methods to reduce potential issues (e.g., Simpson's paradox) when researchers apply aspatial analysis to spatially coded data sets. We applied GWR after checking the spatial dependence of residuals and non-stationary issues in OLS. GWR split a single OLS equation into 3109 equations for each county. RESULTS: Among 15 SVI variables, a combination of eight variables showed the best model performance. Notably, unemployment, person with a disability, and single-parent households with children aged under 18 years especially impacted the variation of MUDs in OLS. GWR showed better model performance than OLS and specified each county's varying relationships between subcomponents of SVI and MUDs. For example, GWR specified that 69.3% (2157 of 3109) of counties showed positive relationships between single-parent households and MUDs across the USA. Higher positive relationships were concentrated in Michigan, Kansas, Texas, and Louisiana. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings could contribute to the literature regarding social determinants of community mental health by specifying spatially varying relationships between SVI and MUDs across US counties. Regarding policy implementation, in counties containing more social and physical minorities (e.g., single-parent households and disabled population), policymakers should attend to these groups of people and increase intervention programs to reduce potential or current mental health illness. The results of GWR could help policymakers determine the specific counties that need more support to reduce regional mental health disparities.
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Spatial Analysis MeSH
- Spatial Regression * MeSH
- Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
- Social Vulnerability * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Michigan MeSH
... impact of stress on health 7 -- From the biomedical to the biopsychosocial model of disease 8 -- Social ... ... psychology and health 9 -- Plan of the book 9 -- TWO Determinants of health behaviour: a social psychological ... ... 329 -- Subject index 336 -- SUBJECT INDEX absolute risk, 66, 267-8, 274 abstinence violation effect, ... ... identity, 253 Social Network List, 245 social pressure, 79 social psychology, 9, 10, 267-73 changing ... ... Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), 210, 211 social skills training, 122 social support, 239, 244-54, ...
Mapping social psychology
2nd ed. 342 s.
The evolving gambling environment, marked by increased accessibility and innovative promotions, has led to rising expenditures globally. Despite this, the relationship between social media use and problem gambling in the Czech Republic remains underexplored. To investigate the association between social media use and problem gambling severity among Czech adults using the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Is there a difference in gambling severity based on demographic characteristics? (1); Is there a relationship between social media news consumption and gambling severity? (2); Is there a connection between negative motives for social media use and problematic usage? (3); Is there a link between problematic social media use and gambling severity? (4). Primary research, designed as a cross-sectional study, was conducted in the Czech Republic in November 2024 on a sample of 3093 respondents (48.4% male). All participants were aged 16 years or older. The sample was selected using quota sampling based on multiple identifying quota variables, with minimal differences in the proportions of quota indicators compared to the general population. Non-parametric tests and ordinal logistic regression analyzed relationships between demographics, social media use, and PGSI scores. Higher PGSI scores were found among males, younger participants, those with lower education, and the unemployed or students. Greater social media news consumption correlated with increased gambling severity. Disruptive social media behaviors, such as waking up to check notifications and interrupting activities, were significantly associated with higher PGSI scores. Problematic social media use involving deceit and family conflict substantially heightened the risk of severe gambling problems. These findings highlight the need for targeted prevention initiatives, regulatory policies, and enhanced digital literacy to safeguard vulnerable groups from the risks posed by digital gambling platforms. Addressing both gambling behaviors and problematic social media use is crucial in mitigating potential harms.
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Gambling * psychology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Motivation MeSH
- Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Social Media * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
1st ed. xvi, 326 s.
The study examined the nutritional status and wellbeing of older persons in Oredo and the Orhionmwon Local Government Area of Edo State. It was aimed at looking at the relationship between food intake, dietary intake and nutritional status of older persons. A total of one hundred and forty five respondents were used for the study through a mix method approach. The body weight, height and grip strength were measured, and the Mini Nutritional Assessment questionnaire was used to collect the nutritional data. We observed from the findings that 56% of the respondents eat three times daily, and the daily calorie intake from food composition was low due to limited milk use and dairy products. This study concludes that nutritional vulnerability includes good nutritional status and diet quality, and sufficient protein and micronutrient intakes are essential for the health and well-being of older people. The study recommends that the government should strengthen the elderly financial base through a social welfare system and the provision of food banks for older people.
- MeSH
- Demography statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Geriatric Assessment * methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Nutrition Assessment MeSH
- Body Mass Index MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Nutritional Status * MeSH
- Malnutrition epidemiology MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Publication type
- Observational Study MeSH
- Geographicals
- Nigeria MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Refeeding syndrome (RFS) can be a life-threatening metabolic condition after nutritional replenishment if not recognized early and treated adequately. There is a lack of evidence-based treatment and monitoring algorithm for daily clinical practice. The aim of the study was to propose an expert consensus guideline for RFS for the medical inpatient (not including anorexic patients) regarding risk factors, diagnostic criteria, and preventive and therapeutic measures based on a previous systematic literature search. METHODS: Based on a recent qualitative systematic review on the topic, we developed clinically relevant recommendations as well as a treatment and monitoring algorithm for the clinical management of inpatients regarding RFS. With international experts, these recommendations were discussed and agreement with the recommendation was rated. RESULTS: Upon hospital admission, we recommend the use of specific screening criteria (i.e., low body mass index, large unintentional weight loss, little or no nutritional intake, history of alcohol or drug abuse) for risk assessment regarding the occurrence of RFS. According to the patient's individual risk for RFS, a careful start of nutritional therapy with a stepwise increase in energy and fluids goals and supplementation of electrolyte and vitamins, as well as close clinical monitoring, is recommended. We also propose criteria for the diagnosis of imminent and manifest RFS with practical treatment recommendations with adoption of the nutritional therapy. CONCLUSION: Based on the available evidence, we developed a practical algorithm for risk assessment, treatment, and monitoring of RFS in medical inpatients. In daily routine clinical care, this may help to optimize and standardize the management of this vulnerable patient population. We encourage future quality studies to further refine these recommendations.
- MeSH
- Algorithms * MeSH
- Risk Assessment standards MeSH
- Nutrition Assessment * MeSH
- Inpatients MeSH
- Consensus MeSH
- Evidence-Based Practice standards MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Decision Support Techniques * MeSH
- Mass Screening standards MeSH
- Refeeding Syndrome diagnosis prevention & control MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Practice Guidelines as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
[1st ed.] xxix, 616 s.
Cílem předkládaného článku je přehlednou formou seznámit čtenáře s debatou vedenou na téma spravedlnost ve zdraví a předložit jim k diskusi poznatky týkající se této problematiky v ČR, a to jednak stručným shrnutím definičního vymezení pojmu, jednak prostřednictvím přehledové analýzy institucionálního rámce i situace vybraných ohrožených populačních skupin.
The goal of the proposed article is to introduce contemporary health equity debate, the definition of this term, and also a brief summary of the situation in the Czech Republic based on overview analysis of the institutional framework and situation of selected vulnerable groups.
- MeSH
- Ill-Housed Persons psychology statistics & numerical data legislation & jurisprudence MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged physiology psychology MeSH
- Social Support MeSH
- Social Justice psychology legislation & jurisprudence MeSH
- Social Security standards organization & administration trends MeSH
- World Health Organization MeSH
- Health Status Indicators MeSH
- Public Health economics methods trends MeSH
- Legislation as Topic economics standards statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Aged physiology psychology MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
XVI, 496 s. : il. ; 24 cm
... -- 11 -- History of the Concept, 11 / Schizophrenia as a Social Construct, 12 / Schizophrenia as a Relativistic ... ... Vulnerability: An Overview, 116/ Organization-Affinity, 118/ Intensity and Processing of Stimulation ... ... or Nihilism: A Product of Two Vulnerabilities, 129 / Critical Periods in Development, 133 -- 8. ... ... Society and Culture -- The Social-Cultural Schism: A Historical Perspective, 180 / The Twentieth Century ... ... -- Subject Index -- 499 ...
XVI, 511 s. : il. ; 24 cm
