Robust voxelwise analysis using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) together with permutation statistical method is standardly used in analyzing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of brain. A similar analytical method could be useful when studying DTI of cervical spinal cord. Based on anatomical data of sixty-four healthy volunteers, white (WM) and gray matter (GM) masks were created and subsequently registered into DTI space. Using TBSS, two skeleton types were created (single line and dilated for WM as well as GM). From anatomical data, percentage rates of overlap were calculated for all skeletons in relation to WM and GM masks. Voxelwise analysis of fractional anisotropy values depending on age and sex was conducted. Correlation of fraction anisotropy values with age of subjects was also evaluated. The two WM skeleton types showed a high overlap rate with WM masks (~94%); GM skeletons showed lower rates (56% and 42%, respectively, for single line and dilated). WM and GM areas where fraction anisotropy values differ between sexes were identified (p < .05). Furthermore, using voxelwise analysis such WM voxels were identified where fraction anisotropy values differ depending on age (p < .05) and in these voxels linear dependence of fraction anisotropy and age (r = -0.57, p < .001) was confirmed by regression analysis. This dependence was not proven when using WM anatomical masks (r = -0.21, p = .10). The analytical approach presented shown to be useful for group analysis of DTI data for cervical spinal cord.

• MeSH
• algoritmy * MeSH
• anizotropie MeSH
• bílá hmota diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• krční mícha diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• počítačové zpracování obrazu metody   MeSH
• zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cíl: Ověřit, zda je u pacientů v časném stadiu onemocnění schizofrenií přítomno poškození mikrostruktury bílé hmoty mozkové. Metodika: V prospektivní studii byla pomocí magnetické rezonance zkoumána frakční anizotropie (FA) bílé hmoty mozkové u souboru nemocných po první epizodě schizofrenie (n = 23) a kontrolního souboru zdravých jedinců (n = 23). Hodnoty frakční anizotropie získané z multidirekcionálně difuzně vážené sekvence byly analyzovány prostřednictvím Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). Výsledky: U nemocných po první epizodě schizofrenie byly nalezeny rozsáhlé oblasti poklesu FA bílé hmoty mozkové lokalizované disperzně v celém vyšetřeném objemu mozku, postihující většinu diferencovatelných traktů. Nebyly prokázány statisticky významné oblasti vzestupu FA oproti kontrolní skupině. Závěr: Již při první epizodě schizofrenie jsou přítomny mikrostrukturální změny v rozsáhlých oblastech bílé hmoty mozkové.

Purpose: To assess microstructural changes of the cerebral white matter in the earliest stage of schizophrenia. Methods: Magnetic resonance was used to prospectively compare fractional anisotropy of the white matter between subjects after the first episode of schizophrenia (n = 23) and healthy controls (n = 23). Diffusion tensor data obtained from multidirectional diffusion weighted sequence were analysed by using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). Results: Extensive areas of decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) were found in the white matter after the first episode of schizophrenia, affecting most of the white matter tracts. No areas of significantly increased FA were found when compared to the healthy control group. Conclusion: Extensive areas of micro-structural alteration of the white matter are already present during the first episode of schizophrenia.

• MeSH
• anizotropie * MeSH
• bílá hmota patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• schizofrenie diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Materiál a metodika: Odhad incidence, mortality a prevalence nádorů jater, žlučníku a pankreatu byl porovnán u mužů a žen v celém světě, více a méně vyspělých zemích, EU a ČR mezi roky 2008 a 2030. Výsledky: Z 749 744 nových nádorů jater ve světě v roce 2008 se podle databáze Globocan 2008 (IARC) uvádí 123 196 (16,4 %) případů ve vyspělých a 626 548 (83,6 %) v méně vyspělých zemích, 48 219 v EU a 843 v ČR; z 145 203 nových nádorů žlučníku 60 246 (41,5 %) ve vyspělých a 84 957 (58,5 %) v méně vyspělých zemích, 23 091 v EU a 941 v ČR; z 278 684 nových nádorů pankreatu 166 156 (59,6 %) ve vyspělých a 112 528 (40,4 %) v méně vyspělých zemích, 69 661 v EU a 1 950 v ČR. Jejich očekávané počty mohou v roce 2030 celosvětově dosáhnout 1,251 mil. nádorů jater, 258 tis. nádorů žlučníku a 499 tis. nádorů pankreatu. Z 695 726 zemřelých na nádory jater v roce 2008 se uvádí 115 286 (16,6 %) případů ve vyspělých a 580 440 (83,4 °/o) v méně vyspělých zemích, 46 727 v EU a 793 v ČR; z 109 587 zemřelých na nádory žlučníku 44 066 (40,2 %) ve vyspělých a 65 521 (59,8 %) v méně vyspělých zemích, 17 318 v EU a 768 vČR; z 266 669 zemřelých na nádory pankreatu 162 424 (61 %) ve vyspělých a 104 245 (40 %) v méně vyspělých zemích, 71116 v EU a 1763 vČR. V roce 2030 může úmrtnost celosvětově dosáhnout téměř 1,176 mil. zemřelých případů nádorů jater, 197 tis. nádorů žlučníku a 482 tis. nádorů pankreatu. Nemocní obou pohlaví s nádory jater nad 65 let dosáhli 68 % ze všech věkových kategorií ve více rozvinutých a 38% v méně rozvinutých zemích, s nádory žlučníku 79 % ve více rozvinutých a 50 % v méně rozvinutých zemích, s nádory pankreatu 70 % ve více rozvinutých a 54 % v méně rozvinutých zemích. Případy jednoleté prevalence v roce 2008 zahrnovaly v Asii 75,2% nádorů jater, 58,7% žlučníku a 37,6% pankreatu, v Evropě 10,8 % jater, 18,3 % žlučníku a 33,8 % pankreatu, v Severní Americe 4 % jater, 8,5 % žlučníku a 17 % pankreatu, v Africe 6 % jater, 2,3 % žlučníku a 3,1 % pankreatu. Varující vývoj incidence a mortality na tyto a další karcinomy trávicích cest by měl podpořit manažerskou a osobní odpovědnost s prevencí také v méně rozvinutých oblastech, aby se očekávané údaje světové statistiky nenaplnily. Závěr: Celková zátěž nádory jater, žlučníku a pankreatu ve světě představovala v roce 2008 asi 1,174 mil. nových onemocnění a může v roce 2030 překročit 2 mil. případů s větším rizikem zejména pro populaci v méně rozvinutých zemích.

Results: Of total worldwide 749,744 new liver cancers in 2008, based in Globocan 2008 (IARC) is estimated 123,196 (16.4%) cases in more developed and 626,548 (83.6%) in less developed regions, 48,219 in the EU and 843 in the Czech Republic; of total 145,382,660 new gallbladder cancers 60,246 (41,5%) cases in more developed and 84,957 (58,5%) in less developed regions, 23,091 in the EU and 941 in the Czech Republic; of total 278,684 new pancreas cancers 166,156 (59.6%) cases in more developed and 112, 528 (40.4%) in less developed regions, 69,661 in the EU and 1950 in the Czech Republic. In 2030 their expected numbers can reach 1,251 thousand cancers of liver, 258 thousand cancers of gallbladder and 499 thousand cancers of pancreas in the world. Of total worldwide 695,726 deaths for liver cancers in 2008, there were 115,286 (16.6%) cases in more developed and 580,440 (83.4%) in less developed regions, 46,727 in the EU and 793 in the Czech Republic; of total 109,587 deaths for gallbladder cancers were 44,066 (40.2%) cases in more developed and 65,521 (59.8%) in less developed regions, 17,318 in the EU and 768 in the Czech Republic; of total 266,669 deaths for pancreas cancers were 162,424 (61%) cases in more developed and 104,245 (40%) in less developed regions, 71,116 in the EU and 1763 in the Czech Republic. The expected numbers can reach in 2030 nearly 1,176 thousand deaths for cancers of liver, 197 thousand of gallbladder and 482 thousand of pancreas in the world. The cases of liver cancer aged 65 years and overreached in both gender 68% of all age in more developed and 38% in less developed regions, of gallbladder cancer 79% in more developed and 50% in less developed regions, of pancreas cancer 70% in more developed and 54% in less developed regions. The world distribution of one-year cancer prevalence was 75.2% of liver, 58.7% of gallbladder and 37.6% of pancreas in Asia, 10.8% of liver, 18.3% of gallbladder and 33.8% of pancreas in Europe, 4% of liver, 8.5% of gallbladder and 17% of pancreas in Northern America, 6% of liver, 2.3% of gallbladder and 3.1% of pancreas in Africa in 2008. Alarming trends of incidence and mortality for these and other gastrointestinal cancers, should supported the management and personal responsibility with the preventive projects, also in less developed regions, which would be failed to accomplish the expected worldvide statistics.

• Klíčová slova
• kumulativní riziko, věkové zastoupení, očekávané počty, vybrané oblasti světa,
• MeSH
• celosvětové zdraví klasifikace   trendy   MeSH
• databáze faktografické využití   MeSH
• demografie metody   trendy   využití   MeSH
• epidemiologické studie MeSH
• Evropská unie MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezinárodní agentury MeSH
• mortalita MeSH
• nádory jater diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• nádory žlučového ústrojí diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• rozvojové země MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• vyspělé země MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Using multishell diffusion MRI and both tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and probabilistic tracking of specific tracts of interest, we evaluated the neural underpinnings of the impact of a six-month dance intervention (DI) on physical fitness and cognitive outcomes in nondemented seniors. The final cohort had 76 nondemented seniors, randomized into DI and control (life as usual) groups. Significant effects were observed between the DI and control groups in physical fitness measures and in attention. We detected associations between improved physical fitness and changes in diffusion tensor imagining (DTI) measures in the whole white matter (WM) skeleton and in the corticospinal tract and the superior longitudinal fascicle despite the fact that no significant differences in changes to the WM microstructure were found between the two groups.

• MeSH
• bílá hmota anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• počítačové zpracování obrazu MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tanec * MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Diffusion kurtosis imaging has been applied to evaluate white matter and basal ganglia microstructure in mixed Parkinson's disease (PD) groups with inconclusive results. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate specific patterns of kurtosis changes in PD and to assess the utility of diffusion imaging in differentiating between healthy subjects and cognitively normal PD, and between PD with and without mild cognitive impairment. METHODS: Diffusion scans were obtained in 92 participants using 3T MRI. Differences in white matter were tested by tract-based spatial statistics. Gray matter was evaluated in basal ganglia, thalamus, hippocampus, and motor and premotor cortices. Brain atrophy was also assessed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify a combination of diffusion parameters with the highest discrimination power between groups. RESULTS: Diffusion kurtosis metrics showed a significant increase in substantia nigra (p = 0.037, Hedges' g = 0.89), premotor (p = 0.009, Hedges' g = 0.85) and motor (p = 0.033, Hedges' g = 0.87) cortices in PD with normal cognition compared to healthy participants. Combined diffusion markers in gray matter reached 81% accuracy in differentiating between both groups. Significant white matter microstructural changes, and kurtosis decreases in the cortex were present in cognitively impaired versus cognitively normal PD. Diffusion parameters from white and gray matter differentiated between both PD phenotypes with 78% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Increased kurtosis in gray matter structures in cognitively normal PD reflects increased hindrance to water diffusion caused probably by alpha-synuclein-related microstructural changes. In cognitively impaired PD, the changes are mostly driven by decreased white matter integrity. Our results support the utility of diffusion kurtosis imaging for PD diagnostics.

• MeSH
• atrofie MeSH
• bazální ganglia diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• bílá hmota diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance MeSH
• hipokampus diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• logistické modely MeSH
• motorické korové centrum diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• mozek diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• šedá hmota diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• statistické modely MeSH
• thalamus diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• zobrazování difuzních tenzorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Despite the rising global burden of stroke and its socio-economic implications, the neuroimaging predictors of subsequent cognitive impairment are still poorly understood. We address this issue by studying the relationship of white matter integrity assessed within ten days after stroke and patients' cognitive status one year after the attack. Using diffusion-weighted imaging, we apply the Tract-Based Spatial Statistics analysis and construct individual structural connectivity matrices by employing deterministic tractography. We further quantify the graph-theoretical properties of individual networks. The Tract-Based Spatial Statistic did identify lower fractional anisotropy as a predictor of cognitive status, although this effect was mostly attributable to the age-related white matter integrity decline. We further observed the effect of age propagating into other levels of analysis. Specifically, in the structural connectivity approach we identified pairs of regions significantly correlated with clinical scales, namely memory, attention, and visuospatial functions. However, none of them persisted after the age correction. Finally, the graph-theoretical measures appeared to be more robust towards the effect of age, but still were not sensitive enough to capture a relationship with clinical scales. In conclusion, the effect of age is a dominant confounder especially in older cohorts, and unless appropriately addressed, may falsely drive the results of the predictive modelling.

• MeSH
• bílá hmota * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda * komplikace   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stárnutí MeSH
• zobrazování difuzních tenzorů metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: White matter abnormality has been recently proposed as a pathophysiological feature of schizophrenia (SZ). However, most of the data available has been gathered from chronic patients, and was therefore possibly confounded by factors such as duration of the disease, and treatment received. The extent and localization of these changes is also not clear. METHODS: We examined a population of early stage SZ patients using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). 77 SZ patients and 60 healthy controls (HCs) were included in the analysis using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). We have also analyzed 250 randomly created subsets of the original cohort, to investigate the relation between the result of TBSS analysis, and the size of the sample studied. RESULTS: We have found a significant decrease in fractional anisotropy (FA) in the patient group. This change is present in most major white matter (WM) tracts including the corpus callosum, superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculi, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and posterior thalamic radiation. Furthermore, we identified a clear trend towards an increase in the number and spatial extent of significant voxels reported, with an increasing number of subjects included in the analysis. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that FA is significantly decreased in patients at an early stage of schizophrenia, and that the extent of this finding is dependent on the size of studied sample; therefore underpowered studies might produce results with false spatial localization.

• MeSH
• akutní nemoc MeSH
• anizotropie MeSH
• bílá hmota patologie   MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek patologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
• psychotické poruchy farmakoterapie   patologie   MeSH
• schizofrenie farmakoterapie   patologie   MeSH
• velikost vzorku MeSH
• zobrazování difuzních tenzorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether interictal plasma pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide 38-like immunoreactivity (PACAP38-LI) shows correlation with the microstructural integrity of the white matter in migraine. METHODS: Interictal plasma PACAP38-LI was measured by radioimmunoassay in 26 patients with migraine (24 women) who underwent diffusion tensor imaging afterward using a 1.5-tesla magnetic resonance scanner. Data were analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics included in FMRIB's Software Library. RESULTS: Interictal plasma PACAP38-LI showed significant correlation with mean diffusivity (p < 0.0179) mostly in the bilateral occipital white matter spreading into parietal and temporal white matter. Axial and radial diffusivity showed positive correlation with interictal PACAP38-LI (p < 0.0432 and p < 0.0418, respectively) in the left optic radiation and left posterior corpus callosum. Fractional anisotropy did not correlate significantly with PACAP38-LI. With disease duration as a nuisance regressor in the model, PACAP38-LI correlated with axial and mean diffusivity in the left thalamus (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: We report a link between PACAP38, a pathobiologically important neurochemical biomarker, and imaging markers of the disease that may bolster further research into the role of PACAP38 in migraine.

• MeSH
• anizotropie MeSH
• bílá hmota patologie   MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypofyzární adenylátcyklázu aktivující peptid krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• migréna krev   diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mozek patologie   MeSH
• neurozobrazování MeSH
• zobrazování difuzních tenzorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Recent MRI studies have shown that abnormal functional connections in schizophrenia coexist with subtle changes in the structure of axons in the brain. However, there is a discrepancy in the literature concerning the relationship between white matter abnormalities and the occurrence of negative psychopathological symptoms. In the present study, we investigate the relationship between the altered white matter structure and specific psychopathology symptoms, i.e., subscales of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Brief Negative Symptoms Scale (BNSS) in a sample of schizophrenia outpatients. For investigation on white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia, the diffusion tensor imaging analysis of between-group differences in main diffusion parameters by tract-based spatial statistics was conducted on schizophrenia outpatients and healthy controls. Hence, the correlation of PANSS and BNSS psychopathology subscales in the clinical group with fractional anisotropy was analyzed in the 17 selected cortical regions of interest. Presented between-group results revealed widespread loss of white matter integrity located across the brain in schizophrenia outpatients. Results on the white matter relationship with psychopathology revealed the negative correlation between fractional anisotropy in the left orbital prefrontal cortex, right Heschl's gyrus, bilateral precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex and the severity of asociality, as assessed with the BNSS. In conclusion, the presented study confirms the previous evidence on the widespread white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia outpatients and indicates the existence of the subtle but specific association between fractional anisotropy in the fronto-temporo-parietal regions with the asociality.Recent MRI studies have shown that abnormal functional connections in schizophrenia coexist with subtle changes in the structure of axons in the brain. However, there is a discrepancy in the literature concerning the relationship between white matter abnormalities and the occurrence of negative psychopathological symptoms. In the present study, we investigate the relationship between the altered white matter structure and specific psychopathology symptoms, i.e., subscales of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Brief Negative Symptoms Scale (BNSS) in a sample of schizophrenia outpatients. For investigation on white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia, the diffusion tensor imaging analysis of between-group differences in main diffusion parameters by tract-based spatial statistics was conducted on schizophrenia outpatients and healthy controls. Hence, the correlation of PANSS and BNSS psychopathology subscales in the clinical group with fractional anisotropy was analyzed in the 17 selected cortical regions of interest. Presented between-group results revealed widespread loss of white matter integrity located across the brain in schizophrenia outpatients. Results on the white matter relationship with psychopathology revealed the negative correlation between fractional anisotropy in the left orbital prefrontal cortex, right Heschl’s gyrus, bilateral precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex and the severity of asociality, as assessed with the BNSS. In conclusion, the presented study confirms the previous evidence on the widespread white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia outpatients and indicates the existence of the subtle but specific association between fractional anisotropy in the fronto-temporo-parietal regions with the asociality.

• MeSH
• bílá hmota patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• cingulární gyrus patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mapování mozku metody   MeSH
• mozek abnormality   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• pacienti ambulantní MeSH
• prefrontální mozková kůra patofyziologie   MeSH
• schizofrenie patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• zobrazování difuzních tenzorů metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Several evidences demonstrated the role of white matter (WM) lesions in the pathogenesis of Vascular Parkinsonism (VP), a clinical entity characterized by parkinsonism, postural instability, marked gait difficulty and poor response to levodopa. However, the involvement of normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in VP still remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the microstructural integrity of NAWM in VP compared to Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls using neuroimaging approach. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 50 participants (15 VP, 20 PD and 15 controls). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were performed to assess microstructural NAWM changes. In order to evaluate the relationship between specific fiber tract involvement and clinical picture, diffusion alterations were correlated with clinical features. RESULTS: Compared to PD patients and controls, significantly reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in NAWM of corpus callosum, internal and external capsule, and corona radiata were present in VP. By contrast, DTI metrics were normal in NAWM-PD and controls. A significant correlation was found between FA and MD of anterior third of corpus callosum and clinical variables (postural instability, freezing-of-gait and symmetry of parkinsonism). CONCLUSIONS: This study improves the knowledge on WM pathology in VP, as our results demonstrate that NAWM damage occurs in VP, but not in PD nor in controls. NAWM damage might relate to clinical picture and suggest that non-clearly-visible WM alterations may contribute to the physiopathology of this vascular disease.

• MeSH
• bílá hmota diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• cerebrovaskulární poruchy diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• parkinsonské poruchy diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zobrazování difuzních tenzorů metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH