This paper introduces a novel technique to evaluate comfort properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) coated woven fabrics. The proposed technique combines artificial neural network (ANN) and golden eagle optimizer (GEO) to ameliorate the training process of ANN. Neural networks are state-of-the-art machine learning models used for optimal state prediction of complex problems. Recent studies showed that the use of metaheuristic algorithms improve the prediction accuracy of ANN. GEO is the most advanced methaheurstic algorithm inspired by golden eagles and their intelligence for hunting by tuning their speed according to spiral trajectory. From application point of view, this study is a very first attempt where GEO is applied along with ANN to improve the training process of ANN for any textiles and composites application. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm ANN with GEO (ANN-GEO) was applied to map out the complex input-output conditions for optimal results. Coated amount of ZnO NPs, fabric mass and fabric thickness were selected as input variables and comfort properties were evaluated as output results. The obtained results reveal that ANN-GEO model provides high performance accuracy than standard ANN model, ANN models trained with latest metaheuristic algorithms including particle swarm optimizer and crow search optimizer, and conventional multiple linear regression.

• MeSH
• Accipitridae * MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• neuronové sítě MeSH
• oxid zinečnatý * MeSH
• propylaminy MeSH
• sulfidy MeSH
• textilie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disorder. Several new treatment concepts have emerged in recent years, but access to these treatments varies due to differing national reimbursement regulations, leading to disparities across Europe. This highlights the need for high-quality data collection by stakeholders to establish MG registries. A European MG registry could help bridge the treatment access gap across different countries, offering critical data to support regulatory decisions, foster international collaborations, and enhance clinical and epidemiological research. Several national MG registries already exist or are in development. To avoid duplication and ensure harmonization in data collection, a modified Delphi procedure was implemented to identify essential data elements for inclusion in national registries. RESULTS: Following a literature review, consultations with patient associations and pharmaceutical companies, and input from multiple European MG experts, 100 data elements were identified. Of these, 62 reached consensus for inclusion and classification, while only 1 item was agreed for exclusion. 30 items failed to reach the ≥ 80% agreement threshold and were excluded. Among the 62 accepted items, 21 were classified as mandatory data elements, 32 optional, and 9 items pertained to the informed consent form. CONCLUSIONS: Through a modified Delphi procedure, consensus was successfully achieved. This consensus-based approach represents a crucial step toward harmonizing MG registries across Europe. The resulting dataset will facilitate the sharing of knowledge and enhance European collaborations. Furthermore, the harmonized data may assist in regulatory or reimbursement decisions regarding novel therapies, as well as address treatment access disparities between European countries.

• MeSH
• delfská metoda * MeSH
• konsensus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myasthenia gravis * terapie   diagnóza   MeSH
• registrace * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• Konspekt
• Biologické vědy
• NLK Obory
• biologie
• fyziologie

AIM: To develop and psychometrically evaluate a skin tear knowledge assessment instrument (OASES). DESIGN: Prospective psychometric instrument validation study. METHOD: The skin tear knowledge assessment instrument was developed based on a literature review and expert input (N = 19). Face and content validity were assessed in a two-round Delphi procedure by 10 international experts affiliated with the International Skin Tear Advisory Panel (ISTAP). The instrument was psychometrically tested in a convenience sample of 387 nurses in 37 countries (April-May 2020). Validity of the multiple-choice test items (item difficulty, discriminating index, quality of the response alternatives), construct validity, and test-retest reliability (stability) were analysed and evaluated in light of international reference standards. RESULTS: A 20-item instrument, covering six knowledge domains most relevant to skin tears, was designed. Content validity was established (CVI = 0.90-1.00). Item difficulty varied between 0.24 and 0.94 and the quality of the response alternatives between 0.01-0.52. The discriminating index was acceptable (0.19-0.77). Participants with a theoretically expected higher knowledge level had a significantly higher total score than participants with theoretically expected lower knowledge (p < .001). The 1-week test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.83 (95% CI = 0.78-0.86) for the full instrument and varied between 0.72 (95% CI = 0.64-0.79) and 0.85 (95% CI = 0.81-0.89) for the domains. Cohen's Kappa coefficients of the individual items ranged between 0.21 and 0.74. CONCLUSION: The skin tear knowledge assessment instrument is supported by acceptable psychometric properties and can be applied in nursing education, research, and practice to assess knowledge of healthcare professionals about skin tears. IMPACT: Prevention and treatment of skin tears are a challenge for healthcare professionals. The provision of adequate care is based on profound and up-to-date knowledge. None of the existing instruments to assess skin tear knowledge is psychometrically tested, nor up-to-date. OASES can be used worldwide to identify education, practice, and research needs and priorities related to skin tears in clinical practice.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychometrie MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Cíl studie: Ověřit, zda náhrada sérového albuminu rekombinantním lidským albuminem a hyaluronanem v transferovém médiu EmbryoGlue (EG), ovlivňuje implantaci embryí v programu IVF+ET. Typ studie: Prospektivní studie. Název a sídlo pracoviště: Centrum asistované reprodukce, Porodnicko-gynekologická klinika LF UP a FN Olomouc. Metodika: Do prospektivní studie bylo zařazeno 297 IVF cyklů ukončených embryotransferem (ET). Pacientky byly rozděleny do 2 skupin podle typu použitého transferového média (kultivační médium G2.2, n = 112 a transferové médium EG, n = 185), a v závislosti na věku do tří podskupin (do 30 let, 30-38 let, starší než 38 let). U všech pacientek byly sledovány vstupní (průměrný věk, počet získaných oocytů, procento oplození (FR), počet zamražených embryí, počet transferovaných embryí) a výstupní parametry (počet klinických těhotenství (PR), implantační poměr (IR), těhotenské ztráty (AB) a výskyt vícečetných těhotenství). Výsledky: U pacientek do 30 let (EG = 72 vs. G2.2 = 51) a nad 38 let (EG = 18 vs. G2.2 = 18) nebyly zjištěny rozdíly ve vstupních ani výstupních parametrech. Zatímco u pacientek 30-38 let (EG = 94 vs. G2.2 = 44) byla významně vyšší schopnost embryí ze skupiny EG implantovat (IR 27,7 % vs. 15,3 %, p <0,01), v ostatních výstupních parametrech již rozdíly zjištěny nebyly (PR 43,6 % vs. 39,5 %, AB 7,3 % vs. 11,7 %). Závěr: Lidský sérový albumin může být úspěšně nahrazen hyaluronanem jako výhradní makromolekulou v transferovém médiu a rekombinantním lidským albuminem, aniž by došlo k poklesu počtu klinických gravidit a implantačního poměru. V naší práci bylo dosaženo nejen obdobných výsledků při použití EG média v porovnání s dosud používaným G2.2 médiem, ale u pacientek ve věku 30-38 let byl dokonce prokázán statisticky významně pozitivní vliv EG na implantaci embryí.

Objective: To assess, if the replacement of serum albumin by recombinant human albumin and hyaluronan in EmbryoGlue transfer medium effects embryo implantation within IVF+ET programme. Design: A prospective study. Setting: Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, University Hospital, Olomouc. Methods: 297 IVF cycles with the embryotransfer (ET) were evaluated. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the type of transfer medium (culture medium; G2.2, n=112 and the transfer medium EmbyoGlue (EG) n=185) and to three subgroups according to the age of the patients (<30, 30-38, >38). In both groups the following entry parameters were compared: average age, number of oocytes obtained, fertilization rate (FR), number of frozen embryos, number of transferred embryos. The outcome parameters compared were: pregnancy rate (PR), implantation rate (IR), abortions (AB) and the number of multiple pregnancies. Results: In the group of patients up to 30 (EG = 72 vs. G2.2 = 51) and over 38 years of age EG = 18 vs. G2.2 = 18) no differences in input and output parameters have been discovered, while in the group of patients between 30 and 38 years of age (EG = 94 vs. G2.2 = 44) the results of EG group embryo implantation have been improved significantly (IR 27.7% vs. 15.3%, p < 0.01). No differences in any other output parameters have been encountered (PR 43.6% vs. 39.5%, AB 7.3% vs. 11.7%). Conclusion: Human serum albumin can be replaced by hyaluronan as a sole macromolecule in a human embryo transfer medium and by recombinant human albumin, without reduction of pregnancy rate (PR) and implantation rate (IR). Not only similar results were achieved in EG medium compared to currently used G2.2 medium, but in the group of 30-38 year old patients a statistically significant positive influence of EG on the implantation of embryos has been observed.

• MeSH
• asistovaná reprodukce trendy   využití   MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• infertilita terapie   MeSH
• interpretace statistických dat MeSH
• kultivace embrya MeSH
• kultivační média klasifikace   MeSH
• kyselina hyaluronová antagonisté a inhibitory   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• přenos embrya statistika a číselné údaje   využití   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• sérový albumin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

At the crossroads between Africa and Eurasia, Arabia is necessarily a melting pot, its peoples enriched by successive gene flow over the generations. Estimating the timing and impact of these multiple migrations are important steps in reconstructing the key demographic events in the human history. However, current methods based on genome-wide information identify admixture events inefficiently, tending to estimate only the more recent ages, as here in the case of admixture events across the Red Sea (~8-37 generations for African input into Arabia, and 30-90 generations for "back-to-Africa" migrations). An mtDNA-based founder analysis, corroborated by detailed analysis of the whole-mtDNA genome, affords an alternative means by which to identify, date and quantify multiple migration events at greater time depths, across the full range of modern human history, albeit for the maternal line of descent only. In Arabia, this approach enables us to infer several major pulses of dispersal between the Near East and Arabia, most likely via the Gulf corridor. Although some relict lineages survive in Arabia from the time of the out-of-Africa dispersal, 60 ka, the major episodes in the peopling of the Peninsula took place from north to south in the Late Glacial and, to a lesser extent, the immediate post-glacial/Neolithic. Exchanges across the Red Sea were mainly due to the Arab slave trade and maritime dominance (from ~2.5 ka to very recent times), but had already begun by the early Holocene, fuelled by the establishment of maritime networks since ~8 ka. The main "back-to-Africa" migrations, again undetected by genome-wide dating analyses, occurred in the Late Glacial period for introductions into eastern Africa, whilst the Neolithic was more significant for migrations towards North Africa.

• MeSH
• analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• demografie dějiny   MeSH
• efekt zakladatele MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• genomika MeSH
• haplotypy MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• migrace lidstva dějiny   MeSH
• mitochondriální DNA genetika   MeSH
• tok genů * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Afrika MeSH
• Arábie MeSH

In this article, we present an enhanced sampling method based on a hybrid Hamiltonian which combines experimental distance restraints with a bias dependent from multiple path-dependent variables. This simulation method determines the bias-coordinates on the fly and does not require a priori knowledge about reaction coordinates. The hybrid Hamiltonian accelerates the sampling of proteins, and, combined with experimental distance information, the technique considers the restraints adaptively and in dependency of the system's intrinsic dynamics. We validate the methodology on the dipole relaxation of two water models and the conformational landscape of dialanine. Using experimental NMR-restraint data, we explore the folding landscape of the TrpCage mini-protein and in a second example apply distance restraints from chemical crosslinking/mass spectrometry experiments for the sampling of the conformation space of the Killer Cell Lectin-like Receptor Subfamily B Member 1A (NKR-P1A). The new methodology has the potential to adaptively introduce experimental restraints without affecting the conformational space of the system along an ergodic trajectory. Since only a limited number of input- and no-order parameters are required for the setup of the simulation, the method is broadly applicable and has the potential to be combined with coarse-graining methods.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
• peptidy chemie   MeSH
• simulace molekulární dynamiky * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Health Technology Assessment (HTA) methods have become a standard part of decision-making processes in healthcare service. Although it is routinely applied in drugs and surgery, HTA in medical devices is still quite challenging. The reason is that the main objective of HTA studies for devices is not optimization of the cost-effectiveness ratio, but rather decisions about procurement and/or incorporation of the device. The clinical benefit is not expressed in terms of quality of life, but in the rate of diagnostic yield, and in the extent to which the technology makes the therapy shorter and/or more patient-friendly. Utilization of multiple-criteria decision-making methods for evaluation of the aggregated clinical, technical and user´s effect (outcome) is recommended as the input to cost-effectiveness analyses. Different methods are derived for strategic and/or operational assessment of new technology. Other studied problems are identification of requirements for medical device selection and purchase, composition of expert panels, and assessment of medical device maintenance demandingness.

• MeSH
• analýza nákladů a výnosů metody   MeSH
• hodnocení biomedicínských technologií * metody   normy   MeSH
• hodnotící studie jako téma MeSH
• komise odborníků MeSH
• metody pro podporu rozhodování MeSH
• náklady a analýza nákladů MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Extracellular microelectrode recording (MER) is a prominent technique for studies of extracellular single-unit neuronal activity. In order to achieve robust results in more complex analysis pipelines, it is necessary to have high quality input data with a low amount of artifacts. We show that noise (mainly electromagnetic interference and motion artifacts) may affect more than 25% of the recording length in a clinical MER database. NEW METHOD: We present several methods for automatic detection of noise in MER signals, based on (i) unsupervised detection of stationary segments, (ii) large peaks in the power spectral density, and (iii) a classifier based on multiple time- and frequency-domain features. We evaluate the proposed methods on a manually annotated database of 5735 ten-second MER signals from 58 Parkinson's disease patients. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS: The existing methods for artifact detection in single-channel MER that have been rigorously tested, are based on unsupervised change-point detection. We show on an extensive real MER database that the presented techniques are better suited for the task of artifact identification and achieve much better results. RESULTS: The best-performing classifiers (bagging and decision tree) achieved artifact classification accuracy of up to 89% on an unseen test set and outperformed the unsupervised techniques by 5-10%. This was close to the level of agreement among raters using manual annotation (93.5%). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the proposed methods are suitable for automatic MER denoising and may help in the efficient elimination of undesirable signal artifacts.

• MeSH
• artefakty * MeSH
• evokované potenciály fyziologie   MeSH
• Fourierova analýza MeSH
• hluk MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikroelektrody škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• mozek cytologie   MeSH
• neurony fyziologie   MeSH
• počítačové zpracování signálu * MeSH
• support vector machine MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• elektrodiagnostika metody   MeSH
• elektromyografie MeSH
• nemoci míchy diagnóza   MeSH
• nervové vedení fyziologie   MeSH
• nervový přenos fyziologie   MeSH
• neuromuskulární nemoci diagnóza   MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• neurologie
• diagnostika
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie