antioxidative activity
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
The aminopyrimidine structural motif can be found in diverse biologically active compounds. This study aimed to describe the antioxidant activity of a series of di- and tri-substituted 5-aminopyrimidines using in vitro (TEAC, LPO) and cell-based assays. 2,4,6-trisubstituted 5-aminopyrimidines displayed the highest activity in the TEAC and LPO assays whereas compounds with protected 5-aminogroup were active in the cellular assay. This is most likely because of their better membrane permeability and intracellular metabolic activation. In summary, we have identified the antioxidant activity of a series of substituted 5-aminopyrimidines and their potential prodrugs which may have implications in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.
- MeSH
- aminy chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- antioxidancia chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- buňky Hep G2 MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- peroxidace lipidů účinky léků MeSH
- pyrimidiny chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- aminy MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- pyrimidiny MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
A series of 1,3,5-triazine analogues, incorporating aminobenzene sulfonamide, aminoalcohol/phenol, piperazine, chalcone, or stilbene structural motifs, were evaluated as potential antioxidants. The compounds were prepared by using step-by-step nucleophilic substitution of chlorine atoms in starting 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine. Reactions were catalyzed by Cu(I)-supported on a weakly acidic resin. The radical scavenging activity was determined in terms of %inhibition activity and EC50, using the ABTS method. Trolox and ascorbic acid (ASA) were used as standards. In the lowest concentration 1 × 10-4 M, the %inhibition activity values at 0 min were comparable with both standards at least for 10 compounds. After 60 min, compounds 5, 6, 13, and 25 showed nearly twice %inhibition (73.44-87.09%) in comparison with the standards (Trolox = 41.49%; ASA = 31.07%). Values of EC50 at 60 min (17.16-27.78 μM) were 5 times lower for compounds 5, 6, 13, and 25 than EC50 of both standards (trolox = 178.33 μM; ASA = 147.47 μM). Values of EC50 correlated with %inhibition activity. Based on these results, the presented 1,3,5-triazine analogues have a high potential in the treatment of illnesses caused or related to oxidative stress.
- Klíčová slova
- 1,3,5-triazine, 4-aminophenol, ABTS method, antioxidative activity, hydroxychalcone, hydroxystilbene,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- chalkon chemie MeSH
- fenol chemie MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- piperazin chemie MeSH
- sulfonamidy chemie MeSH
- techniky syntetické chemie MeSH
- triaziny chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia MeSH
- chalkon MeSH
- fenol MeSH
- piperazin MeSH
- sulfonamidy MeSH
- triaziny MeSH
The aim of this study was to determine the amount of phenol compounds in tinctures prepared from Ginkgo leaves, Echinacea plant, and Ginseng roots and to evaluate the antioxidative activity of these preparations. We studied the antioxidative activity using the standard 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) radical cation scavenging and tyrosine nitration inhibition tests. The obtained findings showed that the amount of phenol compounds in the studied tinctures differed and ranged between 114 to 340+/-29 gallic acid equivalents (GAE) mg/100 mL. We found that the amount of phenol compounds in Ginkgo tincture was statistically significantly greater than that in Echinacea or Ginseng tinctures. The effectiveness of Ginkgo tincture was by 52.7% (P<0.01) lower (from 1343+/-11 mumol catechin/100 mL solution to 637+/-64 catechin/100 mL solution), compared to Echinacea tincture. Ginseng tincture was the weakest scavenger of free radicals--only 8+/-1 micromol catechin/100 mL solution. The inhibition of tyrosine nitration was by 34% (P<0.01) greater in Echinacea tincture, compared to Ginkgo tincture (from 892+/-36 micromol catechin/100 mL solution to 588+/-17 micromol catechin/100 mL solution). Ginseng tincture was the weakest inhibitor of tyrosine nitration--only 20+/-8 micromol catechin/100 mL solution, which was by 44.6 times less, compared to Echinacea tincture. Tests on DPPH. radical cation scavenging and inhibition of nitration showed that the antioxidative activity of Echinacea tincture was statistically significantly greater compared to that of Ginkgo or Ginseng tinctures. This allows us to conclude that antioxidative activity is determined not only by phenol compounds, but also by a complex of other components of medicinal raw material.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia analýza MeSH
- Echinacea chemie MeSH
- fenoly analýza MeSH
- Ginkgo biloba chemie MeSH
- indikátory a reagencie MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky chemie MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů analýza MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- ženšen chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia MeSH
- fenoly MeSH
- indikátory a reagencie MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů MeSH
Sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation and a strong antioxidative response reduce drought-induced biomass loss at the vegetative stage in rice. A clear understanding of the physiological and biochemical adaptations to water limitation in upland and aerobic rice can help to identify the mechanisms underlying their tolerance to low water availability. In this study, three indica rice varieties-IR64 (lowland), Apo (aerobic), and UPL Ri-7 (upland)-, that are characterized by contrasting levels of drought tolerance, were exposed to drought at the vegetative stage. Drought-induced changes in biomass, leaf metabolites and oxidative stress markers/enzyme activities were analyzed in each variety at multiple time points. The two drought-tolerant varieties, Apo and UPL Ri-7 displayed a reduced water use in contrast to the susceptible variety IR64 that displayed high water consumption and consequent strong leaf dehydration upon drought treatment. A sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation in UPL Ri-7 and a strong antioxidative response in Apo were both effective in limiting the drought-induced biomass loss in these two varieties, while biomass loss was high in IR64, also after recovery. A qualitative comparison of these results with the ones of a similar experiment conducted in the field at the reproductive stage showed that only Apo, which also in this stage showed the highest antioxidant power, was able to maintain a stable grain yield under stress. Our results show that different metabolic and antioxidant adaptations confer drought tolerance to aerobic and upland rice varieties in the vegetative stage. The effectiveness of these adaptations differs between developmental stages. Unraveling the genetic control of these mechanisms might be exploited in breeding for new rice varieties adapted to water-limited environments.
- Klíčová slova
- Antioxidative response, Biomass, Drought, Metabolism, Oryza sativa, Osmotic adjustment, Vegetative stage,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- fyziologická adaptace MeSH
- období sucha MeSH
- rýže (rod) * MeSH
- šlechtění rostlin MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia MeSH
Lactic acid bacteria (LABs) have emerged as a significant area of study within the field of probiotics due to their diverse health benefits and wide application. This review examines the various methods used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of LABs, including in vitro chemical evaluation methods, cell model evaluation methods, and in vivo evaluation methods. Comprehensive overview of the various assessment techniques employed to elucidate the multifaceted roles of LABs in enhancing the body's natural defenses against oxidative damage. Moreover, this review emphasizes several pivotal aspects of the antioxidant effects of LABs, including the activation of the antioxidant signal pathway, the induction of antioxidative enzymes, the formation of a ROS-binding system, the production of metabolites, the enhancement of intestinal barrier integrity, the activation of the oxidative damage repair system, and the assurance of mitochondrial function. These represent the key antioxidant effects of LABs. The synthesis of this information advances our understanding of the dynamic and diverse antioxidant effects of LABs, providing a foundation for further research into their therapeutic applications in combating oxidative stress-related disorders. Future research should employ multi-omics technologies, genetic engineering, studies on synergistic effects, and large-scale clinical trials to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the antioxidant effects of LABs. This will promote their application in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, providing a scientific basis for the development of more efficient antioxidant products.
- Klíčová slova
- Antioxidant activity, Evaluation system, Lactic acid bacteria, Regulation mechanism,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia * metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- Lactobacillales * metabolismus chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- probiotika * MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia * MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
Aging is a progressive, unalterable physiological degradation process of living organisms, which leads to deterioration of biological function and eventually to senescence. The most prevalent factor responsible for aging is the accumulation of damages resulting from oxidative stress and dysbiosis. D-galactose-induced aging has become a hot topic, and extensive research is being conducted in this area. Published literature has reported that the continuous administration of D-galactose leads to the deterioration of motor and cognitive skills, resembling symptoms of aging. Hence, this procedure is employed as a model for accelerated aging. This review aims to emphasize the effect of D-galactose on various bodily organs and underline the role of the Lactobacillus sp. in the aging process, along with its anti-oxidative potential. A critical consideration to the literature describing animal models that have used the Lactobacillus sp. in amending D-galactose-induced aging is also given. KEY POINTS: • D-Galactose induces the aging process via decreasing the respiratory chain enzyme activity as well as ATP synthesis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased ROS production. • D-Galactose induced aging primarily affects the brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, and skin. • The anti-oxidative potential of Lactobacillus sp. in improving D-galactose-induced aging in animal models via direct feeding and feeding of Lactobacillus-fermented food.
- Klíčová slova
- Aging, Antioxidant, D-galactose, Lactobacillus, Metabolites, Oxidative stress,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia * metabolismus MeSH
- galaktosa * MeSH
- Lactobacillus metabolismus MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia * MeSH
- galaktosa * MeSH
The recent years again saw increased interest of the public in the use of traditional natural remedies, such as plant extracts, for the treatment and prevention of diseases. This paper evaluates the antioxidative activity and content of phenolic substances of selected plant extracts from medicinal herbs, sold as dietary supplements with therapeutic effects. Using the production of 3-nitrotyrosine as the marker, the effects of extracts on the inhibition of peroxynitrite-induced nitration of tyrosine was examined, and the results were compared with the ability to extinguish the stable radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). A linear correlation (r = 0.929) was found between the ability to extinguish DPPH and to inhibit tyrosine nitration. The found antioxidative activity ranged between values of 0-1702, or 0-1482 micromol of the catechine equivalent/100 ml of the extract. The total content of phenolic substances oscillated within values of 9.4-268.3 mg of the equivalent of gallic acid/100 ml of the extract. The significant linear relationship between antioxidative activities (r>0.9) and the total content of phenolic substances shows that phenolic substances are the principal group responsible for the antioxidative activity of the extracts tested.
Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. Ericaceae) fruits and juice are widely used for their antiadherence and antioxidative properties. Little is known however about their effects on clinical chemistry markers after long-term consumption. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three commercial cranberry products, NUTRICRAN90S, HI-PAC 4.0, and PACRAN on the antioxidative status of rodents, divided into three experimental groups. The products were given as dietary admixtures (1500 mg of product/kg of stock feed) for 14 weeks to male Wistar rats (Groups 2-4) and a control Group 1 which received only stock feed. There were no significant cranberry treatment-related effects on oxidative stress parameters, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, advanced oxidation protein products, total SH-groups, or any other measured clinical chemistry markers. Hematological parameters, body weight, and food consumption were also unaffected by intake of cranberries. Only liver glutathione reductase activity and glutathione levels were significantly lower in Group 4 than in Group 1. Plasma alkaline phosphatase alone was significantly decreased in Group 2. No gross pathology, effects on organ weights, or histopathology were observed. No genotoxicity was found, and total cytochrome P450 level in liver was unaffected in all groups. The levels of hippuric acid and several phenolic acids were significantly increased in plasma and urine in Groups 2-4. The concentration of anthocyanins was under the detection threshold. The dietary addition of cranberry powders for 14 weeks was well tolerated, but it did not improve the antioxidative status in rats.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- glutathionperoxidasa metabolismus MeSH
- katalasa metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky léků MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- Vaccinium macrocarpon chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia MeSH
- glutathionperoxidasa MeSH
- katalasa MeSH
- rostlinné přípravky MeSH
The uptake of nickel (Ni) by Asteraceae/Cichorioideae species Cichorium intybus, Leontodon hispidus and Hieracium aurantiacum exposed to Ni (0.3 or 30 μM) over 14 days and subsequent changes of metabolites were compared in order to identify their phytoaccumulation potential. Hieracium contained the most Ni (194 and 1558 μg Ni/g DW at 30 μM Ni in shoots and roots) but had unchanged amount of antioxidants (vitamin C and thiols) in the shoots and an elevated amount in the roots, which may be the reason for the absence of visible damage. On the contrary, Leontodon reacted by a decrease in antioxidants to an excess of Ni, which can be related to enhanced oxidative stress (an increase in ROS and a decrease in nitric oxide detected by fluorescence microscopy). All roots were anatomically in the secondary state and Ni-induced cell wall thickening (i.e. lignin/suberin deposition) was most visible in Hieracium roots, which also contained 2-times more Ni than the other species. Among essential elements, mainly Fe accumulation was affected by Ni excess. The content of soluble phenols increased while organic acids (malic and citric) decreased sometimes extensively (up to 90%) in individual species. PCA analyses showed that especially ascorbic acid, thiols and phenols affect the separation in the shoots especially with regard to applied concentration of Ni, while these metabolites in the roots clearly separated the species (Cichorium from the others). The data show the highest tolerance to Ni in Hieracium, but the highest phytoaccumulation of Ni was found in Cichorium (626 μg Ni/plant or 122 μg Ni/shoot at a dose of 30 μM Ni).
- Klíčová slova
- Antioxidants, Bioaccumulation, Heavy metals, Phytoremediation, Reactive oxygen species,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia * metabolismus MeSH
- Asteraceae * metabolismus MeSH
- kořeny rostlin * metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina askorbová metabolismus MeSH
- látky znečišťující půdu metabolismus MeSH
- nikl * metabolismus MeSH
- oxidační stres * účinky léků MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- sulfhydrylové sloučeniny metabolismus MeSH
- výhonky rostlin metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia * MeSH
- kyselina askorbová MeSH
- látky znečišťující půdu MeSH
- nikl * MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
- sulfhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
The paper highlights the relationships between the results of instrumental colour measurement and the results of the determination of the antioxidant activity of honey (especially by DPPH and FRAP). The sufficiently close correlations show that once verified, supplemented by regression analysis and calibration, they may find application in the rapid determination of the antioxidant activity of honey.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia * MeSH
- med * analýza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia * MeSH
