Předkládaná kazuistika popisuje nález Trichomonas vaginalis u pacientky (34 let) s předčasným odtokem plodové vody a následnou sekcí v 25. týdnu těhotenství, kde přítomnost T. vaginalis nebyla jediným rizikovým faktorem předčasného porodu. I když se jedná o vzácný nález u gravidní ženy, je nutné na přítomnost tohoto mikroorganismu při obdobných situacích pomýšlet.
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- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Hypertension MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Methamphetamine adverse effects MeSH
- Perinatal Death etiology MeSH
- Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture etiology MeSH
- Premature Birth etiology MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Fetal Growth Retardation etiology drug therapy MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Trichomonas vaginalis * pathogenicity MeSH
- Trichomonas Infections diagnosis drug therapy complications MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Relief Work * MeSH
- Warfare and Armed Conflicts MeSH
- Equipment and Supplies MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Geographicals
- Ukraine MeSH
An increased number of cases of salmonellosis caused by the rare serotype Mikawasima was noted in the years 2012 and 2013 in the Czech Republic. A potential on-going outbreak caused by this serotype in European countries has also been reported. Altogether 14 human and 1 environmental isolates from the year 2012 and 11 human isolates from the year 2013 from different locations of the Czech Republic were sent to our laboratory for typing. Macrorestriction analysis together with antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PCR for ESBL and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance detection were performed to compare our isolates. Twenty-one isolates created two very similar clusters and 5 isolates had different profiles. Twenty-five isolates were fully susceptible to all agents used. One isolate showed resistance to 12 microbial agents and possessed blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, blaCTX-M and qnrB genes.
- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology MeSH
- beta-Lactam Resistance MeSH
- Disease Outbreaks * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Salmonella classification drug effects genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- Salmonella Infections epidemiology microbiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Cíl práce: Cílem této studie bylo určit diverzitu humánních izolátů salmonel v jednom z krajů České republiky v časovém horizontu čtyř let pomocí různých typizačních metod. Materiál a metody: Z fenotypových metod byla použita sérotypizace, fágová typizace a disková difuzní metoda ke stanovení rezistence k antimikrobiálním látkám. Z genotypových metod pak makrorestrikční analýza a pulzní gelová elektroforéza (PFGE). Výsledky: Jako nejčastější sérotyp humánních případů salmonelóz v Jihomoravském kraji byly detekovány Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimuriuma monofazická Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:-. Fágová typizace odhalila dominanci fágového typu 8 u S. Enteritidis a změny ve výskytu fágových typů u S. Typhimurium v průběhu let. Míra rezistence u S. Typhimurium, monofazické salmonely a některých ostatních sérotypů naznačuje vzrůstající problém multirezistentních kmenů jako patogenů člověka. V průběhu studie byly odhaleny izoláty patřící do lokálních i nadnárodních epidemií. Taktéž byly detekovány izoláty sérotypu 9,12:l,v:-, který byl na území České republiky detekován vůbec poprvé. Závěry: Variabilita izolátů získaných ve studii provedené v letech 2009–2012 v Jihomoravském kraji naznačuje, že heterogenita zdrojů humánních salmonelóz je poměrně velká. Nicméně odhalení několika případů s možnou epidemickou souvislostí ukazuje na důležitost provádění pečlivé typizace humánních izolátů a jejich porovnání s kmeny non-humánního původu. Zvýšená míra rezistence u některých sérotypů dokazuje nezbytnost monitorování situace v oblasti výskytu multirezistentních kmenů.
Study objective: To characterize the diversity of human Salmonella isolates from one of the administrative regions of the Czech Republic in a time horizon of four years using different typing methods. Material and methods: The following phenotyping methods were used: serotyping, phage typing, and the disk diffusion method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Genotyping was performed using DNA macrorestriction analysis resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: The most common serotypes involved in human cases of salmonellosis in the South Moravian Region were Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, and monophasic Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:-. Phage typing revealed the predominance of phage type 8 in S. Enteritidis and changes in phage types of S. Typhimurium over years. The resistance levels in S. Typhimurium, monophasic Salmonella, and some other serotypes give increasing cause for concern about multidrug resistant strains as human pathogens. The study isolates were assigned to the complexes implicated in both local and international outbreaks. Isolates of serotype 9,12:l,v:- were identified for the first time in the Czech Republic. Conclusions: The diversity of the study isolates from 2009–2012 collected in the South Moravian Region suggests a high heterogeneity of the sources of human salmonellosis. However, the detection of several cases likely to be epidemiologically linked points out the need for careful typing of human isolates and their comparison with the strains of non-human origin. Higher resistance levels in some serotypes is behind the need for the surveillance of multidrug resistant strains.
- MeSH
- Drug Resistance, Microbial MeSH
- Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests MeSH
- Salmonella Phages * isolation & purification MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Microbiological Techniques MeSH
- Salmonella typhimurium isolation & purification MeSH
- Salmonella * genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- Serotyping * MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Bacterial Typing Techniques MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Abstract Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- has become the third most common serotype in Europe, including the Czech Republic. In this study, phenotypic and genotypic methods for a more detailed description of this serotype were used. Analysis of a limited number of isolates revealed that 76% of them belonged to phage type DT193. Also, rare phage types DT208 and U311 were identified. In total, 88.6% of the isolates were resistant to at least four antimicrobial agents. In this study, 24 multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis profiles were detected, and some of them matched with the profiles recently described in Europe.
- MeSH
- Charadriiformes microbiology MeSH
- Bacteriophage Typing MeSH
- Flagellin genetics MeSH
- Food Contamination analysis MeSH
- Minisatellite Repeats MeSH
- Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial MeSH
- Food Microbiology MeSH
- Salmonella enterica classification isolation & purification MeSH
- Serogroup * MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
- MeSH
- Food Contamination prevention & control MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Plants microbiology adverse effects MeSH
- Salmonella * classification pathogenicity growth & development MeSH
- Salmonella Infections epidemiology pathology prevention & control MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Europe MeSH
- United States MeSH
V roce 2012 bylo v laboratoři SZÚ Brno celkem vyšetřeno 143 humánních a 10 potravinových kmenů rodu Salmonella. Kmeny měly vztah ke zvýšenému výskytu salmonelóz v určitém místě, nebo se jednalo o zástupce vzácných sérotypů, které se v určitém období objevily ve zvýšeném počtu. Tyto kmeny byly zařazeny k 22 epidemickým výskytům na území České republiky. Typizace za použití fenotypových a genotypových metod odhalila, že většina epidemií (82 %) je způsobena sérotypem Enteritidis, ale začínají se objevovat i hromadné výskyty vyvolané pro Českou republiku vzácnými sérotypy (S. Mikawasima, S. 9,12:l,v:-, S. Indiana, S. Stanley).
In 2012, the Brno laboratory of the National Institute of Public Health investigated 143 human and 10 food-borne Salmonella strains. All strains were linked to salmonellosis outbreaks in various areas or represented rare serotypes that had emerged more often in some periods. These strains were matched to 22 outbreaks reported in the Czech Republic. Phenotyping and genotyping revealed that the cause of most outbreaks (82%) was the serotype Enteritidis, but other serotypes that are rare in the Czech Republic (S. Mikawasima, S. 9,12:l,v:-, S. Indiana, or S. Stanley) were also involved in some outbreaks.
- Keywords
- epidemický výskyt, rezistence k antibiotikům, fágová typizace,
- MeSH
- Disease Outbreaks * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Bacteriophage Typing MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field MeSH
- Salmonella enterica * isolation & purification classification MeSH
- Salmonella enteritidis isolation & purification classification MeSH
- Salmonella Infections * epidemiology classification MeSH
- Serotyping MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH