Cieľ: Zmapovať anamnestické charakteristiky a polysomnografické nálezy pacientov s NREM (non rapid eye movement) parasomniou pri zrovnaní s kontrolným súborom a zistiť, či parametry spánku majú súvislosť s klinickými kvalitatívnymi parametrami a komorbiditami. Metodika: Do retrospektívnej štúdie sme zahrnuli 53 pacientov (31 mužov), priemerný vek 31,5 ± 8 rokov. Boli hodnotené anamnestické údaje, vrátane údajov cielených na spánok a jeho poruchy a výsledky polysomnografického vyšetrenia. Polysomnografické nálezy boli porovnané s kontrolnou skupinou 42 zdravých ľudí (23 mužov), priemerný vek 34,1 ± 8 rokov. Výsledky: Najčastejším typom parasomnie hodnoteným podľa anamnézy bol somnambulizmus (88,6 %). Väčšina pacientov udávala začiatok v detstve (86,7 %). Najvýznamnejším triggerom epizód bol stres (26,4 %) a menej často alkohol (3,7 %) a cudzie prostredie (9,4 %). Z komorbidných ochorení sa vyskytovali najčastejšie alergické ochorenia (45,2 %), následne psychiatrické ochorenia (13 %). Počas polysomnografie bola epizóda NREM parasomnie zaznamenaná u 50,9 % pacientov. V porovnaní s kontrolným súborom, mali pacienti s NREM parasomniou kratšiu latenciu zaspania, lepšiu spánkovú efektivitu, nižší podiel bdelosti a vyšší podiel NREM 2 spánku. V skupine pacientov s familiárnym výskytom parasomnie bol zistený nižší podiel NREM 3 spánku. Záver: Najčastejším komorbidným ochorením u pacientov s NREM parasomniou boli alergické ochorenia. Stres bol u NREM parasomnií dominantným triggerom parasomnických epizód, preto má zmysel sa na jeho management zameriavať v klinickej praxi. Zistená súvislosť úbytku NREM 3 spánku a rodinného výskytu podporuje súčasný názor, že dysregulácia NREM 3 má dedičnú predispozíciu.
Objective: To map the anamnestic characteristics and polysomnographic profile of patients with NREM (non rapid eye movement) parasomnia compared to a control group and to determine whether sleep parameters are related to clinical qualitative parameters and comorbidities. Methodology: We included 53 patients (31 men), average age 31.5 ± 8 years, in the retrospective study. We evaluated anamnestic data, including data focused on sleep and sleep disorders, and the results of polysomnographic examination. Polysomnographic findings were compared with a control group of 42 healthy people (23 men), average age 34.1 ± 8 years. Results: The most frequent type of parasomnia evaluated according to the anamnesis was somnambulism (88.6%). The majority of patients reported onset in childhood (86.7%). The most important trigger of episodes was stress (26.4%) and less often alcohol (3.7%), and a foreign environment (9.4%). Among comorbid diseases, allergic diseases were the most frequent (45.2%), followed by psychiatric diseases (13%). During polysomnography, an episode of NREM parasomnia was noted in 50.9% of patients. Compared to the control group, patients with NREM parasomnia had shorter sleep latency, better sleep efficiency, lower proportion of wakefulness, and higher proportion of NREM 2 sleep. A lower proportion of NREM 3 sleep was found in the group of patients with a familial occurrence of parasomnia. Conclusion: The most common comorbid diseases in patients with NREM parasomnia were allergic diseases. Stress was the dominant trigger of parasomnia episodes in NREM parasomnias, so it is important to focus on its management in clinical practice. The association found between NREM 3 sleep loss and familial occurrence supports the current view that NREM 3 dysregulation has a heritable predisposition.
- MeSH
- alergie MeSH
- komorbidita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- parasomnie * MeSH
- polysomnografie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- spánek pomalých vln MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
We have verified the eligibility of the Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS) as a basic clinical tool for determining the subjective severity of illness in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) in the Czech Republic. Total of 37 patients with a diagnosis of IH (9 men, 28 women, mean age 40.2 ± 12.8) completed the IHSS scale. At the same time, they were instructed to complete the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS-A and HADS-D), and a short version of the Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36). The control group consisted of 88 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. The IHSS scale showed good internal consistency of the questionnaire using Cronbach's α, which was 0.88. The KMO (Keiser-Meyer-Olkin index) was 0.72, confirming sufficient structural validity of the questionnaire. The correlation of the total IHSS score with the ESS (ρ = 0.59, p=0.0001) and FSS (ρ = 0.84, p<0.0001) as well as with the HADS-A scales (ρ = 0.64, p<0.0001), HADS-D (ρ = 0.79, p<0.0001) and SF-36 in both the mental (ρ = -0.85, p<0.0001) and physical health (ρ = -0.66, p<0.0001) components. The IHSS is a convenient and easy-to-apply clinical tool to assess subjective severity of illness, which describes well the symptoms of idiopathic hypersomnia and assesses their impact on health and daily activities.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- idiopatická hypersomnie * diagnóza MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- validační studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Sleep symptoms, including excessive sleepiness, are frequently reported by patients with functional motor disorders (FMD). We aimed to classify the comorbid sleep disorders in FMD, and to investigate the relationship between subjective sleepiness and objective measures of hypersomnia, comparing them with data from people with central hypersomnia. A total of 37 patients (mean [SD] age 46.4 [11.2] years) with clinically definite FMD, and 17 patients (mean [SD] age 41.1 [11.6] years) with central hypersomnia underwent structured medical and sleep history, neurological examination, polysomnography, multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), and questionnaires assessing sleepiness, fatigue, and depression. In all, 23 patients with FMD (62%) reported excessive daytime sleepiness. Evidence of specific sleep disorders was identified in our cohort, with 35% having restless legs syndrome; 49% obstructive sleep apnea; and 8% periodic limb movements in sleep; however, the presence of these disorders was not correlated with subjective sleepiness. Patients with FMD with self-reported sleepiness reported higher fatigue (p = 0.002), depression (p = 0.002), and had longer sleep latencies in the MSLT (p < 0.001) compared to the patients with central hypersomnia. No correlation was found between subjective and objective sleepiness in either group. Fatigue positively correlated with self-reported sleepiness in patients with FMD (p < 0.001). This study did not find objective correlates of increased sleepiness in patients with FMD. While sleep abnormalities were found to be common in FMD, they were not correlated with self-reports of excessive sleepiness. Positive correlations between self-reported sleepiness and fatigue support the current unified model of non-motor symptoms in FMD.
- MeSH
- deprese epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- komorbidita * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- periodické pohyby končetinami ve spánku epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- polysomnografie * MeSH
- poruchy nadměrné spavosti * epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- poruchy spánku a bdění epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- somnolence MeSH
- spánková latence fyziologie MeSH
- syndrom neklidných nohou patofyziologie epidemiologie MeSH
- únava patofyziologie epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To date, very few studies have focused on structural changes and their association with cognitive performance in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD). Moreover, the results of these studies are inconclusive. This study aims to evaluate differences in the associations between brain morphology and cognitive tests in iRBD and healthy controls. METHODS: Sixty-three patients with iRBD and thirty-six controls underwent MRI with a 3 T scanner. The cognitive performance was assessed by a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Based on performance, the iRBD group was divided into two subgroups with (iRBD-MCI) and without mild cognitive impairment (iRBD-NC). The high-resolution T1-weighted images were analysed using an automated atlas segmentation tool, voxel-based (VBM) and deformation-based (DBM) morphometry to identify between-group differences and correlations with cognitive performance. RESULTS: VBM, DBM and the comparison of ROI volumes yielded no significant differences between iRBD and controls. In the iRBD group, significant correlations in VBM were found between several cortical and subcortical structures primarily located in the temporal, parietal, occipital lobe, cerebellum, and basal ganglia and three cognitive tests assessing psychomotor speed and one memory test. Between-group analysis of cognition revealed a significant difference between iRBD-MCI and iRBD-NC in tests including a processing speed component. CONCLUSIONS: iRBD shows deficits in several cognitive tests that correlate with morphological changes, the most prominent of which is in psychomotor speed and visual attention as measured by the TMT-A and associated with the volume of striatum, insula, cerebellum, temporal lobe, pallidum and amygdala.
- Klíčová slova
- syndrom bolestiplných dolních končetin a pohyblivých prstců,
- MeSH
- bolest diagnóza patologie MeSH
- dolní končetina * patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gabapentin terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci nervového systému * diagnóza MeSH
- pohybové poruchy MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Little attention has been paid to the long-term development of idiopathic hypersomnia symptoms and idiopathic hypersomnia comorbidities. The aim of this study was to describe the general health of patients with idiopathic hypersomnia years after the initial diagnosis, focusing on current subjective hypersomnolence and the presence of its other possible causes. Adult patients diagnosed with idiopathic hypersomnia ≥ 3 years ago at sleep centres in Prague and Kosice were invited to participate in this study. A total of 60 patients were examined (age 47.3 ± SD = 13.2 years, 66.7% women). In all participants, their hypersomnolence could not be explained by any other cause but idiopathic hypersomnia at the time of diagnosis. The mean duration of follow-up was 9.8 + 8.0 years. Fifty patients (83%) reported persisting hypersomnolence, but only 33 (55%) had no other disease that could also explain the patient's excessive daytime sleepiness and/or prolonged sleep. In two patients (3%), the diagnosis in the meantime had changed to narcolepsy type 2, and 15 patients (25%) had developed a disease or diseases potentially causing hypersomnolence since the initial diagnosis. Complete hypersomnolence resolution without stimulant treatment lasting longer than 6 months was reported by 10 patients (17%). To conclude, in a longer interval from the diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia, hypersomnolence may disappear or may theoretically be explained by another newly developed disease, or the diagnosis may be changed to narcolepsy type 2. Thus, after 9.8 years, only 55% of the examined patients with idiopathic hypersomnia had a typical clinical picture of idiopathic hypersomnia without doubts about the cause of the current hypersomnolence.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- idiopatická hypersomnie * diagnóza epidemiologie farmakoterapie MeSH
- komorbidita MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- narkolepsie * diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
- poruchy nadměrné spavosti * diagnóza epidemiologie komplikace MeSH
- pozornost MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVES: To analyze REM sleep without atonia (RWA) metrics in patients with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy subjects and compare them in terms of degree of presumed brainstem damage. METHODS: Forty-nine iRBD patients, 62 PD patients and 38 healthy controls were included into the analysis. Detailed polysomnographic and clinical data including motor, olfactory, autonomic, and cognitive assessment were obtained in all participants and subsequently compared within groups without RBD (i.e., healthy controls, PD-RBD-) and with RBD (i.e., iRBD, PD-RBD+). SINBAR criteria were used to score RWA. RESULTS: Twenty-one PD patients (33.8 %) had RBD. When comparing PD-RBD-patients and controls, RWA tonic (p = 0.001) and RWA mixed (p = 0.03) were higher in PD-RBD-group. PD-RBD-patients had worse olfactory function than controls (p < 0.001); no significant difference in autonomic or cognitive function was registered. There were no significant differences in RWA parameters when comparing iRBD and PD-RBD + groups. iRBD patients had better olfactory function than PD-RBD+ (p = 0.006); no significant difference in autonomic or cognitive function was registered. PD-RBD + had worse autonomic (p = 0.006) and olfactory (p = 0.001) but not motor and cognitive function compared to PD-RBD-. CONCLUSIONS: Untreated de-novo PD patients without RBD have increased RWA metrics compared to healthy subjects indicating subclinical degeneration of brainstem nuclei responsible for RWA. iRBD patients do not differ in RWA metrics from untreated de-novo PD patients with premotor RBD suggesting a similar level of brainstem degeneration caudal to substantia nigra in both groups. Groups with RBD are associated with autonomic dysfunction.
- MeSH
- kognice MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc * komplikace MeSH
- polysomnografie MeSH
- porucha chování v REM spánku * MeSH
- svalová hypotonie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Microbial antigens can elicit an immune response leading to the production of autoantibodies cross-reacting with autoantigens. Still, their clinical significance in human sera in the context of brain diseases is unclear. Therefore, assessment of natural autoantibodies reacting with their neuropeptides may elucidate the autoimmune etiology of central hypersomnias. The study aims to determine whether serum autoantibody levels differ in patients with different types of central hypersomnias (narcolepsy type 1 and 2, NT1 and NT2; idiopathic hypersomnia, IH) and healthy controls and if the differences could suggest the participation of autoantibodies in disease pathogenesis. METHODS: Sera from 91 patients with NT1, 27 with NT2, 46 with IH, and 50 healthy controls were examined for autoantibodies against assorted neuropeptides. Participants were screened using questionnaires related to sleep disorders, quality of life, and mental health conditions. In addition, serum biochemical parameters and biomarkers of microbial penetration through the intestinal wall were determined. RESULTS: A higher prevalence of autoantibodies against neuropeptides was observed only for alpha-melanocytes-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and neuropeptide glutamic acid-isoleucine (NEI), which differed slightly among diagnoses. Patients with both types of narcolepsy exhibited signs of microbial translocation through the gut barrier. According to the questionnaires, patients diagnosed with NT2 or IH had subjectively worse life quality than patients with NT1. Patients displayed significantly lower levels of bilirubin and creatinine and slightly higher alkaline phosphatase values than healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, serum anti-neuronal antibodies prevalence is rare, suggesting that their participation in the pathophysiology of concerned sleep disorders is insignificant. Moreover, their levels vary slightly between diagnoses indicating no major diagnostic significance.
- MeSH
- autoprotilátky MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- narkolepsie * epidemiologie MeSH
- neuropeptidy * MeSH
- poruchy nadměrné spavosti * epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
