- MeSH
- bronchiální astma * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pacienti MeSH
- praktičtí lékaři * MeSH
- stupeň vzdělání MeSH
- zdravotničtí záchranáři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
"Epidemiology of comorbidities and their association with asthma control" (Tomisa, G., Horváth, A., Sánta, B. et al. Epidemiology of comorbidities and their association with asthma control. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 17, 95 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-021-00598-3 ) is an interesting paper reflecting data collection from more than 12,000 asthmatic patients in Hungary regarding their condition and associated comorbidities. We found it valuable that the paper provides an overview of asthma comorbidities not usually considered in similar reports. Nevertheless, we believe that chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with or without nasal polyps (CRSwNP or CRSsNP) should have been listed due to its high incidence and prevalence, its association with asthma which is also endorsed in both GINA and EPOS, as well as in several peer-reviewed scientific papers, and to reflect the role of this comorbidity in poor control and a most severe presentation of asthma for the patient. Consequently, several targeted therapies (especially monoclonal antibodies) used for several years in severe forms of asthma are now indicated also for the effective treatment of nasal polyps.
Vaccines are essential public health tools with a favorable safety profile and prophylactic effectiveness that have historically played significant roles in reducing infectious disease burden in populations, when the majority of individuals are vaccinated. The COVID-19 vaccines are expected to have similar positive impacts on health across the globe. While serious allergic reactions to vaccines are rare, their underlying mechanisms and implications for clinical management should be considered to provide individuals with the safest care possible. In this review, we provide an overview of different types of allergic adverse reactions that can potentially occur after vaccination and individual vaccine components capable of causing the allergic adverse reactions. We present the incidence of allergic adverse reactions during clinical studies and through post-authorization and post-marketing surveillance and provide plausible causes of these reactions based on potential allergenic components present in several common vaccines. Additionally, we review implications for individual diagnosis and management and vaccine manufacturing overall. Finally, we suggest areas for future research.
- MeSH
- alergie * diagnóza epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- vakcíny proti COVID-19 MeSH
- vakcíny * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
In December 2019, China reported the first cases of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has developed into a pandemic. To date, it has resulted in ~9 million confirmed cases and caused almost 500 000 related deaths worldwide. Unequivocally, the COVID-19 pandemic is the gravest health and socioeconomic crisis of our time. In this context, numerous questions have emerged in demand of basic scientific information and evidence-based medical advice on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Although the majority of the patients show a very mild, self-limiting viral respiratory disease, many clinical manifestations in severe patients are unique to COVID-19, such as severe lymphopenia and eosinopenia, extensive pneumonia, a "cytokine storm" leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome, endothelitis, thromboembolic complications, and multiorgan failure. The epidemiologic features of COVID-19 are distinctive and have changed throughout the pandemic. Vaccine and drug development studies and clinical trials are rapidly growing at an unprecedented speed. However, basic and clinical research on COVID-19-related topics should be based on more coordinated high-quality studies. This paper answers pressing questions, formulated by young clinicians and scientists, on SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, and allergy, focusing on the following topics: virology, immunology, diagnosis, management of patients with allergic disease and asthma, treatment, clinical trials, drug discovery, vaccine development, and epidemiology. A total of 150 questions were answered by experts in the field providing a comprehensive and practical overview of COVID-19 and allergic disease.
- MeSH
- alergie komplikace imunologie terapie MeSH
- Betacoronavirus imunologie MeSH
- COVID-19 MeSH
- koronavirové infekce komplikace diagnóza terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- virová pneumonie komplikace diagnóza terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects 10% to 40% of the population. It reduces quality of life and school and work performance and is a frequent reason for office visits in general practice. Medical costs are large, but avoidable costs associated with lost work productivity are even larger than those incurred by asthma. New evidence has accumulated since the last revision of the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines in 2010, prompting its update. OBJECTIVE: We sought to provide a targeted update of the ARIA guidelines. METHODS: The ARIA guideline panel identified new clinical questions and selected questions requiring an update. We performed systematic reviews of health effects and the evidence about patients' values and preferences and resource requirements (up to June 2016). We followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) evidence-to-decision frameworks to develop recommendations. RESULTS: The 2016 revision of the ARIA guidelines provides both updated and new recommendations about the pharmacologic treatment of AR. Specifically, it addresses the relative merits of using oral H1-antihistamines, intranasal H1-antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, and leukotriene receptor antagonists either alone or in combination. The ARIA guideline panel provides specific recommendations for the choice of treatment and the rationale for the choice and discusses specific considerations that clinicians and patients might want to review to choose the management most appropriate for an individual patient. CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate treatment of AR might improve patients' quality of life and school and work productivity. ARIA recommendations support patients, their caregivers, and health care providers in choosing the optimal treatment.
- MeSH
- alergická rýma farmakoterapie epidemiologie MeSH
- antagonisté histaminu H1 terapeutické užití MeSH
- antialergika terapeutické užití MeSH
- bronchiální astma prevence a kontrola MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- klinické rozhodování MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lékařská praxe založená na důkazech MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
Alergická rýma a astma představují globální zdravotnické problémy pro všechny věkové skupiny. Velmi často se vyskytuje astma a rýma souběžně u téhož jedince. Iniciativa ARIA („Alergická rýma a její vliv na astma") vznikla během pracovního zasedání expertní skupiny WHO v roce 1999 a výsledný dokument byl pak publikován v r. 2001. ARIA změnila klasifikaci alergické rýmy (sezónní, celoroční) na lehkou, středně těžkou, těžkou - intermitentní a perzistující. Tato klasifikace je v souladu s vlivem alergické rýmy na pacienta a jeho život. V revizi dokumentu v r 2010 byla vypracována doporučení pro klinickou praxi V podobě pravidel vedení léčby alergické rýmy a komorbidit astmatu na podkladě stupňovitého principu tzv. GRADE (Recommendation, Assessment, Development a Evaluation - doporučení - posouzení - vývoj - zhodnocení). Dokument ARIA byl rozšířen a zaváděn ve více než 50 zemích světa. V České republice byl prijat už v r. 2001, přeložen a jeho zavedení do praxe je věnována průběžně trvalá pozornost. Koordinátorem aktivity je Česká iniciativa pro astma o.p.s. (ČIPA), která vnímá program ARIA jako integrální součást v péči o alergii a astma v souladu s doporučeními GINA. ČIPA byla zastoupena v přípravě programu dětského astmatu - PRACTALL a ve své činnosti uplatňuje závěry deklarace EU v péči o dětské astma.
Allergic rhinitis and asthma represent global health problems for all age groups.Asthma and rhinitis frequently co-exist in the same subjects. ARIA was initiated during WHO workshop in 1999 and was published in 2001. ARIA has reclassified allergic rhinitis as mild/moderate-s evere and intermittent/persistent. This classification schema closely reflects the impact of allergic rhinitis on patients. In its 2010 R evision, ARIA developed clinical practice guidelines for the management of allergic rhinitis and asthma co-morbidities based on GRADE (Grading of Recom mendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation). ARIA has been disseminated and implemented in over 50 countries of the world. In the C zech republic was ARIA 2001 fully accepted.ARIA Pocket Guide was translated and disseminated in primary care.The implementation in c linical praxis is coordinated by the Czech Initiative for asthma ( Č IPA). CIPA understand ARIA as integrated part of asthma and allergy management. CIPA representative participated in the childhood asthma program-PRACTALL and it reflects EU declaration „Asthma and allergy in Children“.
- Klíčová slova
- rýma, GRADE,
- MeSH
- alergie MeSH
- bronchiální astma diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- komorbidita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- management nemoci MeSH
- medicína založená na důkazech MeSH
- sezónní alergická rýma etiologie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- Světová zdravotnická organizace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
2nd edition 120 stran : ilustrace
Allergic diseases have been described as a modern epidemic, with over 20% of the population suffering from allergic rhinitis, asthma or atopic eczema. Of these diseases, allergic rhinitis is the most common and the most underdiagnosed and wrongly treated.The effects of the symptoms of rhinitis, allergic or otherwise, on quality of life are well documented. While severely affected individuals are treated by a variety of specialists depending on the presenting condition, the majority are seen by generalists. This short and very practical text has been written specifically for this group so that treatment can be optimised and referral decisions made easier.• Designed to promote early, accurate diagnosis and optimise treatment• Includes the very latest information on the treatment of allergic and other forms of rhinitis, acute and chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis• Covers comorbidities such as asthma, adenoid hypertrophy and otitis media with effusionContents:• Introduction• Allergy: an increasing problem• Allergens• Pathogenesis• Classification of allergic rhinitis• Seasonal allergic rhinitis• Non-allergic rhinitis• Diagnosing rhinitis• Therapeutic principles• Rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps• Comorbidities and complications of allergic rhinitis• Future trends.
- NLK Obory
- otorinolaryngologie
