- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Úvod: Pojetí zdravotní péče orientované na dítě a jeho rodinu (Family-centered care) je v rámci západní Evropy s ohledem na doporučení odborných společností shodné. Validní nástroje k hodnocení spokojenosti pacientů jsou v české praxi na národní úrovni k dispozici pouze pro dospělé pacienty. Naše práce se zaměřuje na tvorbu nástroje pro děti samotné. Cíl: Popsat proces tvorby české verze dotazníku Child Care Quality at Hospital (CCQH). Metodika: Dotazník byl vytvořen a psychometricky ověřen ve Finsku. Je určen dětem ve věku 7 - 11 let a obsahuje 61 položek. Vytvoření české verze bylo realizováno dle mezinárodních guidelines pro transkulturní přenos nástrojů ve zdravotnictví. Výsledky: Srovnání výzkumné práce s dotazníkem u české, finské, italské a portugalské populace přináší zjištění zasluhující pozornost. Český výzkum ukázal, že nástroj obsahuje problematické položky. Nesoulad v překladu se objevil u sedmnácti položek. V pre-testu činily malým dětem potíže abstraktní pojmy, délka dotazníku a složité zadání otázek hodnocených 4-bodovou Likertovou škálou. Závěr: Jako hlavní závěr naší práce lze uvést, že byly identifikovány dosud nepopsané problematické oblasti dotazníku a výzkum tak ukázal specifické požadavky na podobné nástroje určené pro českou pediatrickou populaci.
Introduction: The concept of family-centered care is the same as in Western Europe considering the recommendations of professional societies. Valid tools for assessing patient satisfaction are available only for adult patients in Czech practice at a national level. Our work focuses on creating tools for children themselves. Aim: To describe the process of creating the Czech version of the Child Care Quality at Hospital (CCQH) questionnaire. Methodology: The questionnaire was developed and psychometrically verified in Finland. It is intended for children aged 7 - 11 years and contains 61 items. The creation of the Czech version was carried out following the international guidelines for the transcultural transfer of the tools in healthcare. Results: A comparison of the research work with the questionnaire in the Czech, Finnish, Italian and Portuguese populations brings findings worthy of attention. Czech research has shown that the tool contains problematic items. A discrepancy in translation appeared in seventeen items. In the pre-test, young children had difficulties with abstract concepts, the length of the questionnaire and the complex assignment of questions rated on a 4-point Likert scale. Conclusion: As the main conclusion of our work is that undescribed problematic areas of the questionnaire have been identified so far and the research has thus shown specific requirements for similar tools intended for the Czech pediatric population.
Úvod: Spokojenost pacienta s tišením bolesti je výsledkem srovnání jeho očekávání a vnímané reality. Ovlivňuje ji mnoho faktorů. Klíčovým je management bolesti, tj. proces zaměřený na eliminaci bolesti. Cíl: Předložit informace z dostupného primárního výzkumu zabývajícího se spokojeností dospělých hospitalizovaných pacientů s managementem akutní pooperační bolesti. Metody: Byla provedena literární rešerše – po stanovení klíčových slov, zařazovacích/vyřazovacích kritérií, časového období a rešeršní otázky byly prohledány dvě databáze zaměřené na ošetřovatelství. Relevantní články byly vybrány podle názvů, abstraktů a následně podle plných textů. Výsledky: Byly nalezeny čtyři zahraniční studie na dané téma. Výsledky poukazují na signifikantní vztahy mezi spokojeností pacientů s managementem bolesti a celkovým komfortem, přístupem personálu, empatií, informovaností, délkou čekání na analgetikum a dobou, za kterou začne analgetikum účinkovat. Závěr: Čtyři nalezené studie upozorňují, že spokojenost pacientů s managementem bolesti ovlivňuje mnoho faktorů, přičemž míra bolesti nemusí být tím klíčovým.
Introduction: Patient satisfaction with a pain management is a result of comparison of their expectations and perceived reality. It is influenced by many factors. The key factor is pain management, process that is aimed at eliminating pain. Aim: To present information from the available primary research dealing with satisfaction of adult hospitalized patients with a pain management of their acute postoperative pain. Methods: A literary search was performed - after setting the keywords, inclusion / exclusion criteria, time period and search question, two databases focused on nursing were searched. Relevant articles were chosen by titles, abstracts and then by full texts. Results: Four foreign studies were found. The results point to a significant relationships between patient satisfaction with a pain management and overall comfort, staff's attitude, empathy, awareness, waiting time for the analgesia and the length of time for pain relief to take effect. Conclusion: The four studies point out that many factors influence patient satisfaction with their pain management, and that the pain intensity may not be the key factor.
OBJECTIVE: The two main aims of our study were to assess the quality of life (QOL) of patients with moderate or severe psoriasis treated by Goeckerman therapy and to compare QOL of our patients on the date of admission and 1 month after their discharge. METHODS: We performed a prospective study on 51 patients treated for chronic plaque psoriasis by Goeckerman regimen (GR). The psoriasis area involvement and severity was measured using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). Patients' health-related QOL was evaluated using Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI). RESULTS: In our study we demonstrated that the QOL of this sample of 51 patients with severe forms of psoriasis was relatively good; an average PDI value on the day of admission was 9.02, which represents a small effect on patient's QOL. We did not find any significant differences in QOL between younger and older respondents or between men and women. Despite good treatment efficiency, we did not find improvement in QOL 1 month after discharge. CONCLUSIONS: The QOL of our patients was relatively good. This could be explained by the fact that our patients have been suffering from psoriasis for many years and have probably adapted to their disease. QOL of our patients was not directly dependent on the extent and intensity of skin changes. Further studies on the connection between psoriasis therapy and patients' QOL are still highly needed.
- MeSH
- kvalita života * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- psoriáza terapie MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cíle. Cílem práce bylo zjistit psychometrické vlastnosti české verze Dotazníku obecné self--efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale – GSES) u populace hospitalizovaných pacientů.Vzorek a metodika. Sledovaný soubor činil 386 respondentů hospitalizovaných ve Fakultní ne-mocnici Hradec Králové. Byla použita česká verze dotazníku General Self-Efficacy Scale.Statistická analýza. Veškeré analýzy byly pro-vedeny v prostředí R. Faktorová struktura byla ověřována s využitím teorie odpovědi na polož-ku (Item Response Theory), a to pomocí dvou-parametrového Graded Response Modelu. Tento byl použit i pro ověření invariance měření mezi muži a ženami. Pro hodnocení vztahu obecné self-efficacy s demografickými proměnnými byla použita lineární regrese a t-testy. Percen-tilové normy byly sestrojeny pomocí vyhlazené kumulativní distribuční funkce pro muže a ženy zvláště.Výsledky. Celkový skór škály se pohyboval v rozmezí 15–40 bodů s průměrem M = 30,86 (SD = 6,05). Psychometrické vlastnosti české verze dotazníku GSES jsou dobré, vnitřní kon-zistence je vysoká (Cronbachovo α = 0,924; ωt = 0,938). Struktura dotazníku je spíše dvou-dimenzionální, korelace obou faktorů je však velmi vysoká. Je tedy smysluplné pracovat s je-diným celkovým skórem dotazníku. Ze všech sledovaných proměnných pouze pohlaví mělo statisticky významný vliv na vnímanou self--efficacy (SE), škála byla pro obě pohlaví in-variantní. Rozdíly mezi klinikami byly velmi malé, pouze respondenti z psychiatrické kliniky dosahovali statisticky významně nižšího skóru oproti respondentům z ostatních klinik.Limity studie. Limity studie vyplývají z jejího průřezového charakteru a skutečnosti, že výběr respondentů nebyl reprezentativní. Data jsou založena na subjektivních výpovědích; jedná se o respondenty hospitalizované s různými zdra-votními potížemi.
Objectives. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) in the group of hospitalized patients. Sample and setting. The sample contained 386 respondents hospitalized in the Faculty hospital Hradec Kralove. The Czech version of GSES was used. Statistical analysis. All the analyses were performed in the R environment. Factor structure was tested using Item Response Theory (IRT), namely two‑parameters Graded Response model. This model was used also for testing measurement invariance for men and women. We used t‑tests and linear model to test relation between GSES and demographical variables. Percentile norms were constructed using kernel smoothed cumulative distribution for men and women separately. Results. The score of the scale ranged from 15 to 40 points with an average of M = 30,86 (SD = 6,05). Our results suggest that the Czech version of the GSES has satisfactory psychometric properties, the internal consistency is on high level (Cronbach α = 0,924; ωt = 0,938). Even though the analysis of the structure of the questionnaire showed to be slightly twodimensional, the correlation of the two factors is quite high. This implies the potential of working with one universal questionnaire score. Of all monitored variables, only gender had statistically significant influence over the perceived self-efficacy, the scale was invariant for both genders. The differences between clinics were very small, only the respondents from psychiatric clinic achieved statistically significant lower score. Study limitations. The limits of the study come from its cross-sectional character and the fact that the choise of respondents was not representative. Data are based on subjective statements coming from respondents hospitalized with various health problems.
Cíl: Provést analýzu rizik, která by mohla vzniknout při ordinacích analgetik a při zaznamenávání jejich podání. Design: Ad-hoc šetření, obsahová analýza zdravotnické dokumentace, posouzení rizik týmem expertů. Metodika: Šetření probíhalo v krajské nemocnici, na odděleních, kde jsou hospitalizováni dospělí pacienti po operačních výkonech. Byla provedena FMEA procesů v oblasti ordinací analgetik, které byly popsány při auditu, který předcházel této analýze. Výsledky auditu byly pro tým expertů inspirací k výběru částí procesu pro FMEA. Vybrány byly ordinace analgetik a záznamy jejich podání v souvislosti se vznikem specifické potřeby ze strany pacienta (podmíněná ordinace analgetik), u kterých by se dal očekávat výskyt medikačního pochybení. Výsledky: Expertní tým stanovil rizika od nízkého až po vysoké. Jako nejméně rizikovou označil záměnu matematických znamének v ordinaci léčiva, za nejvíce rizikovou nespecifikované množství ordinovaného Morphinu. Závěr: Metodu FMEA lze použít pro hodnocení rizik při ordinacích analgetik a zaznamenávání jejich podání, ale je třeba ji doplnit jinou metodou zohledňující lidský faktor a je třeba zodpovědně vybírat odborníky posuzující rizika.
Objective: To assess risks, which may occur during analgesics´ prescription and recording their administration. Design: Ad-hoc investigation, content analysis of medicals´ documentation, risk assessment by a panel of experts. Methods: The investigation was carried out in regional hospital with post-operative care units. Hospitalized adult patients were included in this survey. Experts have chosen particular parts of processes applying in analgesics´ prescription according to the results of previous audit. It consists of analgesics´ prescription and records of their administration for patients with specific needs where medication misconduct can be expected. Then, FMEA of those processes was performed. Results: Experts determined risks from low to high level in this study. An exchange of mathematical sign in analgesics´ prescription was identified as a low risk, while non-specifying amount of prescribed Morphin was recognized as a high risk. Conclusion: FMEA was found to be suitable for risk assessment during analgesics´ prescription and recording of their administration. However, addition of method taking into account the human factor is recommended and experts for risk assessment should be responsibly selected.
OBJECTIVE: Early morning shifts have a negative effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The aim of this study was to comprehensively assess the extent of occupational stress in early shift workers of the car industry by using salivary cortisol as an objective marker during a workday and on a day off. METHODS: For this cross-sectional epidemiological type of study, a survey included 55 suitable volunteers from the car industry. Five saliva samples were collected according to the following schedule: during one work day in the morning, during the morning shift from 6 a.m. - 2 p.m., then after the shift was completed, 3 hours after work and in the evening before going to sleep. Control samples were taken from the same participants on a day off. Radioimmunoanalysis was used as the main analytical method, and the effect of factors and between-factor interactions on the levels of salivary cortisol during the workday were assessed using an ANOVA model. RESULTS: The cortisol diurnal rhythm was as expected, with the highest values in the morning and declining to the lowest values in the evening hours. Concentrations of salivary cortisol showed higher values during the workday, especially higher concentrations of evening cortisol and attenuated cortisol slope. Based on the results, irregular shift work has a greater increase in cortisol excretion after waking in the morning and a slower progressive recovery of the organism during the workday. In addition, cortisol levels were significantly higher in older women than in older men but did not differ in younger subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Salivary cortisol levels are a suitable objective marker of stress and can be used as a good predictor of occupational stress by public health services for the purposes of primary prevention.
- MeSH
- cirkadiánní rytmus fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hydrokortison metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pracovní stres metabolismus MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- sliny chemie MeSH
- vliv směnného provozu na zdraví fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to monitor and analyze the influence of chosen family indicators related to alcohol consumption and experience of drunkenness in a representative sample of Czech children. METHODS: Data for our work were obtained from the Health Behaviour in School Aged Children (HBSC) study - a World Health Organization (WHO) cross national study. The sample consisted of 4,293 children aged 11, 13 and 15 years. Data collection was conducted in June 2010 in 88 randomly selected schools in the Czech Republic using standardized questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed in the program NCSS 9, methods of descriptive statistics, χ(2) test of independence in the contingency tables and logistic regression analysis were used. RESULTS: Regular alcohol consumption (at least weekly) was reported by 7.4% of children aged eleven, 19.3% of children aged thirteen and 38.4% of children aged fifteen years. Drunkenness at least twice in their life was admitted by 3% of children aged eleven, 15% of children aged thirteen and 43% of children aged fifteen years. Both alcohol consumption and drunkenness were significantly associated (p<0.001) with age and gender. Formal structure of family was found to have significant effect on the experience of drunkenness, but no effect on alcohol consumption was recorded. Based on our results, neither the amount of time spent together, nor the children communication with parents had a statistically significant influence on alcohol consumption or drunkenness experience within each family type. However, statistically significant differences were observed between different family types (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate a high degree of liberalism of Czech society towards alcohol. It appears that alcohol consumption will remain a serious problem in Czech society, therefore, more attention should be paid to this phenomenon in the future.
- MeSH
- charakteristiky rodiny * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- pití alkoholu epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to examine cross-sectional time trends of life satisfaction and self-rated health in a representative sample of Czech children aged 11, 13 and 15 years using the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study data from the Czech Republic. METHODS: Data from survey years 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014 was used. The sample consisted of 16,357 participants (48.5% of boys). Life satisfaction (LS) was measured by Cantril's ladder; self-rated health was measured through the simple item "Would you say your health is: excellent, good, fair, poor". RESULTS: Most of the children were satisfied with their lives in all surveyed years (mean LS scores range from 7.21 to 7.51; maximum 10). LS was consistently significantly associated (p<0.001) with age and gender. Overall, children and adolescents in the Czech Republic also reported good health. In total, 87.6% of respondents from all samples reported their health as excellent or good. Gender was found to be significantly associated with self-rated health (p<0.05) in all surveyed years. CONCLUSIONS: No permanent trends in both followed indicators have been seen in the examined period.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- osobní uspokojení * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- zdravé chování * MeSH
- zdravotní stav * MeSH
- zdravotnické přehledy * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
