Dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-3 can affect cutaneous wound healing; however, recent findings demonstrate the variable extent of their influence on the quality of healing. Here, we compare the effect of several dietary oils, containing different levels of PUFA n-3 and PUFA n-6, on wound healing in the rat model. Rats were fed the feed mixture with 8% palm oil (P), safflower oil (S), fish oil (F) or Schizochytrium microalga extract (Sch) and compared to the animals fed by control feed mixture (C). Dorsal full-thickness cutaneous excisions were performed after 52 days of feeding and skin was left to heal for an additional 12 days. Histopathological analysis of skin wounds was performed, including immune cells immunolabeling and the determination of hydroxyproline amount as well as gene expression analyses of molecules contributing to different steps of the healing. Matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization mass-spectrometry-imaging (MALDI-MSI) was used to determine the amount of collagen α-1(III) chain fragment in healing samples. Treatment by Schizochytrium extract resulted in decrease in the total wound area, in contrast to the safflower oil group where the size of the wound was larger when comparing to control animals. Diet with Schizochytrium extract and safflower oils displayed a tendency to increase the number of new vessels. The number of MPO-positive cells was diminished following any of oil treatment in comparison to the control, but their highest amount was found in animals with a fish oil diet. On the other hand, the number of CD68-positive macrophages was increased, with the most significant enhancement in the fish oil and safflower oil group. Hydroxyproline concentration was the highest in the safflower oil group but it was also enhanced in all other analyzed treatments in comparison to the control. MALDI-MSI signal intensity of a collagen III fragment decreased in the sequence C > S > Sch > P > F treatment. In conclusion, we observed differences in tissue response during healing between dietary oils, with the activation of inflammation observed following the treatment with oil containing high eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level (fish oil) and enhanced healing features were induced by the diet with high content of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, Schizochytrium extract).

• MeSH
• antigeny CD8 metabolismus   MeSH
• dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• hojení ran účinky léků   MeSH
• indoly chemie   MeSH
• kolagen typ III metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• kůže účinky léků   zranění   metabolismus   MeSH
• kyseliny mastné omega-3 analýza   MeSH
• kyseliny mastné omega-6 analýza   MeSH
• makrofágy imunologie   MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• palmový olej aplikace a dávkování   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• rybí oleje aplikace a dávkování   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice MeSH
• světlicový olej aplikace a dávkování   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The service tree (Sorbus domestica) is a wild fruit tree with immense medicinal and industrial value. This study aimed at determining the four major groups of antioxidants (flavonoids, phenolic acids and aldehydes, catechin and procyanidin) in rootstocks of Crataegus laevigata (genotypes O-LE-14 and O-LE-21), Aronia melanocarpa (genotypes O-LE-14 and O-LE-21), Chaenomeles japonica (genotype O-LE-9) and Cydonia oblonga (BA 29) (genotypes O-LE-14 and O-LE-21). Hyperoside (Quercetin 3-D-galactoside) was the most abundant flavonoid compound, since its average content in the rootstocks of Crataegus laevigata (O-LE-21) was 180.68 ± 0.04 μg·g-1. Dihydrokaempherol was the least frequently found flavonoid compound, with an average concentration of 0.43 ± 0.01 μg·g-1 in all the rootstocks of plants considered in this study. Among the phenolic compounds, the most represented one was protocatechuic acid, with 955.92 ± 10.25 μg·g-1 in the rootstocks of Aronia melanocarpa (O-LE-14). On the other hand, the least represented p-Coumaric acid exhibited the average concentration of 0.34 ± 0.01 μg·g-1 in the plant rootstocks. Epicatechin was the most abundant catechin compound, with a content of 3196.37 ± 50.10 μg·g-1 in the rootstocks of Aronia melanocarpa (O-LE-14). The lowest represented catechin compound was epigallocatechin, with the average concentration of 0.95 ± 0.08 μg·g-1 in the screened plant rootstocks. From the procyanidin compounds, the most abundant one was procyanidin b2 in the rootstocks of Crataegus laevigata (O-LE-14), with a concentration of 5550.40 ± 99.56 μg·g-1. On the contrary, procyanidin a2, with an average concentration of 40.35 ± 1.61 μg·g-1, represented the least frequent procyanidin compound in all the plant rootstocks screened herein.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of dietary oils containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-3 and n-6, respectively, on cutaneous wound healing in rats, and to demonstrate the usefulness of the matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization mass spectroscopy-imaging (MALDI MSI) method in this type of experiment. Superiority of PUFA n-3 in this context was the tested hypothesis. Four groups of male Wistar rats by twelve animals each were fed a diet with added 5% of palm oil (P; control), fish oil (F), Schizochytrium microalga oil (Sch) and safflower oil (S), respectively, for eight weeks. Consequently, dorsal full-thickness cutaneous excisions were performed, and selected markers of wound healing were evaluated 18 days post excision. The median of signal intensity corresponding to an amount of collagen α-1 (III) fragment, quantified using MALDI MSI, decreased in a sequence P > F > Sch > S (P < 0.001). Using haematoxylin-eosin staining of the histological preparations, semi-quantitatively assessed epithelium height tended to decrease in the order of P > S > Sch > F; the wound extent in the sequence of P > Sch > S > F; and the sequence of the progress of neo-angiogenesis was assessed as S > P > F ≈ Sch. It was concluded that the tested hypothesis was confirmed only partially: PUFA n-3 showed better results regarding the wound extent, but were inferior in terms of epithelium height and progress of neo-angiogenesis. This was the first time MALDI MSI was successfully employed for evaluating skin wound healing in a rat model.

• MeSH
• dietní tuky nenasycené * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dietní tuky terapeutické užití   MeSH
• hojení ran * MeSH
• kolagen typu I, řetězec alfa 1 analýza   MeSH
• nenasycené mastné kyseliny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• rány a poranění dietoterapie   veterinární   MeSH
• reepitalizace MeSH
• spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice statistika a číselné údaje   veterinární   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinická studie MeSH

DNA hypermethylation is one of the most common epigenetic modifications in prostate cancer (PCa). Several studies have delineated sarcosine as a PCa oncometabolite that increases the migration of malignant prostate cells while decreasing their doubling time. Here, we show that incubation of prostate cells with sarcosine elicited the upregulation of sarcosine N-demethylation enzymes, sarcosine dehydrogenase and pipecolic acid oxidase. This process was accompanied by a considerable increase in the production of the major methyl-donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), together with an elevation of cellular methylation potential. Global DNA methylation analyses revealed increases in methylated CpG islands in distinct prostate cell lines incubated with sarcosine, but not in cells of nonprostate origin. This phenomenon was further associated with marked upregulation of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts). Epigenetic changes were recapitulated through blunting of Dnmts using the hypomethylating agent 5-azacytidine, which was able to inhibit sarcosine-induced migration of prostate cells. Moreover, spatial mapping revealed concomitant increases in sarcosine, SAMe and Dnmt1 in histologically confirmed malignant prostate tissue, but not in adjacent or nonmalignant tissue, which is in line with the obtained in vitro data. In summary, we show here for the first time that sarcosine acts as an epigenetic modifier of prostate cells and that this may contribute to its oncometabolic role.

• MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• CpG ostrůvky * MeSH
• epigeneze genetická účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory prostaty metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• prostata metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů účinky léků   MeSH
• sarkosin farmakologie   MeSH
• upregulace účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Glutathione (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine; also known as GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant that plays a crucial role in cell defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. It is thus not surprising that this molecule can serve as a biomarker for oxidative stress monitoring. As capillary blood is a highly accessible target for biomarking, it is a valuable bodily fluid for diagnosing human GSH levels. This study focused on the optimization of GSH measurements from micro volumes of capillary blood prior to using electrochemical detection. The optimization of experimental parameters, including the sample volume and its stability, was performed and evaluated. Moreover, we tested the optimized method as part of a short-term study. The study consisted of examining 10 subjects within 96 h of their consumption of high amounts of antioxidants, attained from a daily dose of 2 g/150 mL of green tea. The subjects' capillary blood (5 μL) was taken at 0 h, 48 h, and 96 h for subsequent analysis. The short-term supplementation of diet with green tea showed an increase of GSH pool by approximately 38% (between 0 and 48 h) within all subjects.

• MeSH
• čaj chemie   MeSH
• dieta MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrochemické techniky MeSH
• glutathion krev   MeSH
• glutathiondisulfid krev   MeSH
• kapiláry MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

To date, there has been no evidence regarding the association between urinary sarcosine content and prostate cancer survival. Our main objective was to investigate whether levels of post-treatment urinary sarcosine are associated with relapse. The inclusion criteria were (in accordance with EAU 2017) as follows: histopathologically verified adenocarcinoma in prostate biopsy cores or specimens from transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or prostatectomy for benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) with retained ability to urinate. The median follow-up was 53 months. In the study, we retrospectively evaluated a cohort of 511 patients with prostate cancer with various risk factors and treatment strategies. Post-treatment sarcosine levels were elevated in 266 (52%) patients and highly elevated (≥200 nmol/L) in 71 (13%) patients. Urinary sarcosine content was significantly associated with number of relapses that patients experienced, P = 0.002 for sarcosine ≥200 vs ≤30 nmol/L. Multivariate analysis revealed that sarcosine was an independent predictor of recurrent relapses (≥2 relapses with an intermediate period of remission), HR = 3.89 (95% CI 1.29-11.7) for sarcosine >200 vs <30 nmol/L. This trend was even more pronounced in a subgroup of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy, HR = 3.29 (95% CI 1.06-10.18), where (single) relapse-free survival could also be predicted by sarcosine levels, HR = 1.96 (1.05-3.66). Urinary sarcosine may become a possible predictor for patients' outcomes, because patients with elevated post-treatment sarcosine could be predicted to have recurrent relapses of the disease.

• MeSH
• adenokarcinom chirurgie   moč   MeSH
• biologické markery moč   MeSH
• hyperplazie prostaty chirurgie   moč   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru moč   MeSH
• nádory prostaty chirurgie   moč   MeSH
• pooperační období MeSH
• prostatektomie MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• sarkosin moč   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The hypothesis that dogs can detect malignant tumours through the identification of specific molecules is nearly 30 years old. To date, several reports have described the successful detection of distinct types of cancer. However, is still a lack of data regarding the specific molecules that can be recognized by a dog's olfactory apparatus. Hence, we performed a study with artificially prepared, well-characterized urinary specimens that were enriched with sarcosine, a widely reported urinary biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa). For the purposes of the study, a German shepherd dog was utilized for analyses of 60 positive and 120 negative samples. Our study provides the first evidence that a sniffer dog specially trained for the olfactory detection of PCa can recognize sarcosine in artificial urine with a performance [sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 95%, and precision of 90% for the highest amount of sarcosine (10 µmol/L)] that is comparable to the identification of PCa-diagnosed subjects (sensitivity of 93.5% and specificity of 91.6%). This study casts light on the unrevealed phenomenon of PCa olfactory detection and opens the door for further studies with canine olfactory detection and cancer diagnostics.

• MeSH
• analýza moči metody   MeSH
• čich fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory prostaty diagnóza   moč   MeSH
• psi fyziologie   MeSH
• sarkosin chemie   moč   MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• studie proveditelnosti MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• psi fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

This study shows the effects of spices, and their phenolic and flavonoid compounds, on prostate cell lines (PNT1A, 22RV1 and PC3). The results of an MTT assay on extracts from eight spices revealed the strongest inhibitory effects were from black pepper and caraway seed extracts. The strongest inhibitory effect on prostatic cells was observed after the application of extracts of spices in concentration of 12.5 mg·mL-1. An LC/MS analysis identified that the most abundant phenolic and flavonoid compounds in black pepper are 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and naringenin chalcone, while the most abundant phenolic and flavonoid compounds in caraway seeds are neochlorogenic acid and apigenin. Using an MTT assay for the phenolic and flavonoid compounds from spices, we identified the IC50 value of ~1 mmol·L-1 PNT1A. The scratch test demonstrated that the most potent inhibitory effect on PNT1A, 22RV1 and PC3 cells is from the naringenin chalcone contained in black pepper. From the spectrum of compounds assessed, the naringenin chalcone contained in black pepper was identified as the most potent inhibitor of the growth of prostate cells.

• MeSH
• antikarcinogenní látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
• fenoly chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• flavonoidy chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• hojení ran účinky léků   MeSH
• koření analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• prostata MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The presence of biogenic amines is a hallmark of degraded food and its products. Herein, we focused on the utilization of magnetic nanoparticles off-line coupled with ion exchange chromatography with post-column ninhydrin derivatization and Vis detection for histamine (Him) separation and detection. Primarily, we described the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles with nanomaghemite core (γ-Fe₂O₃) functionalized with titanium dioxide and, then, applied these particles to specific isolation of Him. To obtain further insight into interactions between paramagnetic particles' (PMP) surface and Him, a scanning electron microscope was employed. It was shown that binding of histamine causes an increase of relative current response of deprotonated PMPs, which confirmed formation of Him-PMPs clusters. The recovery of the isolation showed that titanium dioxide-based particles were able to bind and preconcentrate Him with recovery exceeding 90%. Finally, we successfully carried out the analyses of real samples obtained from silage. We can conclude that our modified particles are suitable for Him isolation, and thus may serve as the first isolation step of Him from biological samples, as it is demonstrated on alfalfa seed variety Tereza silage.

• MeSH
• biogenní aminy MeSH
• chromatografie iontoměničová metody   MeSH
• histamin analýza   MeSH
• nanočástice chemie   MeSH
• siláž analýza   MeSH
• titan chemie   MeSH
• železité sloučeniny chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Influence of different forms of glutathione on Lactobacillus casei ssp. rhamnosus culture. Lactobacillus casei ssp. rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) of the genus Lactobacillus belongs to the facultatively heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria. In the human body it occurs mainly in the intestine, where it brings a beneficial effect on the immune system. Further, the antioxidant properties and action against oxidative stress belong among its major advantages. In the genus Lactobacillus also the ability to reduce clinical symptoms of influenza was demonstrated. Similar properties to that of the genus Lactobacillus are demonstrated also in glutathione (γ-glutamylcysteinylglycin), one of the most important thiols present in both plant and animal tissues, and also in number of microorganisms. Due to the wide field of application of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus and possibilities to improve some of their properties in the presence of glutathione, the use of lactobacilli with the addition of glutathione can be considered for the treatment of influenza and support the treatment of influenza illness.

• Klíčová slova
• redukovaný glutathion, oxidovaný glutathion,
• MeSH
• chřipka lidská farmakoterapie   MeSH
• glutathion * metabolismus   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• glutathiondisulfid metabolismus   MeSH
• Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus * metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• S-nitrosoglutathion metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH