Dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-3 can affect cutaneous wound healing; however, recent findings demonstrate the variable extent of their influence on the quality of healing. Here, we compare the effect of several dietary oils, containing different levels of PUFA n-3 and PUFA n-6, on wound healing in the rat model. Rats were fed the feed mixture with 8% palm oil (P), safflower oil (S), fish oil (F) or Schizochytrium microalga extract (Sch) and compared to the animals fed by control feed mixture (C). Dorsal full-thickness cutaneous excisions were performed after 52 days of feeding and skin was left to heal for an additional 12 days. Histopathological analysis of skin wounds was performed, including immune cells immunolabeling and the determination of hydroxyproline amount as well as gene expression analyses of molecules contributing to different steps of the healing. Matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization mass-spectrometry-imaging (MALDI-MSI) was used to determine the amount of collagen α-1(III) chain fragment in healing samples. Treatment by Schizochytrium extract resulted in decrease in the total wound area, in contrast to the safflower oil group where the size of the wound was larger when comparing to control animals. Diet with Schizochytrium extract and safflower oils displayed a tendency to increase the number of new vessels. The number of MPO-positive cells was diminished following any of oil treatment in comparison to the control, but their highest amount was found in animals with a fish oil diet. On the other hand, the number of CD68-positive macrophages was increased, with the most significant enhancement in the fish oil and safflower oil group. Hydroxyproline concentration was the highest in the safflower oil group but it was also enhanced in all other analyzed treatments in comparison to the control. MALDI-MSI signal intensity of a collagen III fragment decreased in the sequence C > S > Sch > P > F treatment. In conclusion, we observed differences in tissue response during healing between dietary oils, with the activation of inflammation observed following the treatment with oil containing high eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level (fish oil) and enhanced healing features were induced by the diet with high content of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, Schizochytrium extract).
- MeSH
- antigeny CD8 metabolismus MeSH
- dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- hojení ran účinky léků MeSH
- indoly chemie MeSH
- kolagen typ III metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kůže účinky léků zranění metabolismus MeSH
- kyseliny mastné omega-3 analýza MeSH
- kyseliny mastné omega-6 analýza MeSH
- makrofágy imunologie MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- palmový olej aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakologie MeSH
- rybí oleje aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakologie MeSH
- spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice MeSH
- světlicový olej aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Dietary supplementation with calanus oil, a novel wax ester-rich marine oil, has been shown to reduce adiposity in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Current evidence suggests that obesity and its comorbidities are intrinsically linked with unfavorable changes in the intestinal microbiome. Thus, in line with its antiobesity effect, we hypothesized that dietary supplementation with calanus oil should counteract the obesity-related deleterious changes in the gut microbiota. Seven-week-old female C57bl/6J mice received an HFD for 12 weeks to induce obesity followed by 8-week supplementation with 2% calanus oil. For comparative reasons, another group of mice was treated with exenatide, an antiobesogenic glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Mice fed normal chow diet or nonsupplemented HFD for 20 weeks served as lean and obese controls, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on fecal samples from the colon. HFD increased the abundance of the Lactococcus and Leuconostoc genera relative to normal chow diet, whereas abundances of Allobaculum and Oscillospira were decreased. Supplementation with calanus oil led to an apparent overrepresentation of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus and underrepresentation of Bilophila. Exenatide prevented the HFD-induced increase in Lactococcus and caused a decrease in the abundance of Streptococcus compared to the HFD group. Thus, HFD altered the gut microbiota composition in an unhealthy direction by increasing the abundance of proinflammatory genera while reducing those considered health-promoting. These obesity-induced changes were antagonized by both calanus oil and exenatide.
- MeSH
- Bacteria klasifikace genetika růst a vývoj MeSH
- dieta s vysokým obsahem tuků * MeSH
- dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- exenatid farmakologie MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- hmotnostní přírůstek MeSH
- kolon mikrobiologie MeSH
- látky proti obezitě farmakologie MeSH
- metagenom MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši MeSH
- obezita mikrobiologie patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- oleje aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- potravní doplňky * MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
We investigated changes in functional fitness after an exercise program in combination with Calanus oil supplementation, a novel source of bioactive lipids rich in wax esters with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA). Fifty-five healthy sedentary women aged 65-80 (mean age 70.9 ± 3.9 years, BMI 27.24 ± 3.9 kg m-2, VO2peak 19.46 ± 3.7 ml kg-1 min-1) were enrolled in the study. The participants were divided into two groups: exercise training plus Calanus Oil supplementation (n = 28) or exercise plus placebo (sunflower oil) supplementation (n = 27). The exercise intervention program was completed by 53 participants and contained functional circuit training (twice a week, 45 min plus 15 min of stretching and balance training) and Nordic walking (once a week, 60 min) for 16 weeks. Senior fitness test, exercise stress test on bicycle ergometer, hand-grip, and body composition were evaluated before and after the program. Our results show that functional fitness and body composition improved following the interventional exercise program, but for most of the parameters there was no synergic effect of supplementing n-3 PUFA-rich Calanus oil. In comparison to the placebo group, the group with Calanus supplementation experienced significantly higher improvement of functional strength of lower body which was evaluated by the chair stand test. Supplementation with Calanus may have a synergic effect with exercise on functional strength of the lower body in the elderly.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- Copepoda chemie MeSH
- cvičení fyziologie MeSH
- dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kondiční příprava metody fyziologie MeSH
- kyseliny mastné omega-3 MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- potravní doplňky * MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- síla ruky MeSH
- svalová síla MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost * MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Olive oil consumption is protective against risk factors for cardiovascular and cancer diseases. A nutrigenomic approach was performed to assess whether changes in gene expression could occur in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after oli ve oil ingestion at postprandial state. Six healthy male volunteers ingested, at fasting state, 50 ml of olive oil. Prior to intervention a 1-week washout period with a controlled diet and sunflower oil as the only source of fat was followed. During the 3 days before and on the intervention day, a very low-phenolic compound diet was followed. At baseline (0 h) and at post-ingestion (6 h), total RNA was isolated and gene expression (29,082 genes) was evaluated by microarray. From microarray data, nutrient-gene interactions were observed in genes related to metabolism, cellular processes, cancer, and atherosclerosis (e.g. USP48 by 2.16; OGT by 1.68-fold change) and associated processes such as inflammation (e.g. AKAP13 by 2.30; IL–10 by 1.66-fold change) and DNA damage (e.g. DCLRE1C by 1.47; POLK by 1.44- fold change). When results obtained by microarray were verified by qRT-PCR in nine genes, full concordance was achieved only in the case of up-regulated genes. Changes were observed at a real-life dose of olive oil, as it is daily consumed in some Mediterranean areas. Our results support the hypothesis that postprandial protective changes related to olive oil consumption could be mediated through gene expression changes.
- MeSH
- dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- oleje rostlin aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
- poškození DNA genetika MeSH
- postprandiální období genetika MeSH
- regulace genové exprese účinky léků MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
- zánět genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- cholesterol dietní škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dietní sacharidy škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita dietoterapie MeSH
- proteiny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
- MeSH
- chromatografie plynová MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci koronárních tepen metabolismus MeSH
- případové studie organizací MeSH
- tuková tkáň chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- hypertriglyceridemie dietoterapie krev MeSH
- inzulin sekrece MeSH
- krevní glukóza metabolismus MeSH
- kyseliny mastné omega-3 aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidy krev MeSH
- rybí oleje aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- GLYBURIDE,
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu farmakoterapie krev MeSH
- dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- inzulin krev MeSH
- krevní glukóza metabolismus MeSH
- kyseliny mastné omega-3 aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rybí oleje aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- deoxyglukosa metabolismus MeSH
- dietní sacharidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- dietní tuky nenasycené aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- inzulin farmakologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kyseliny mastné omega-3 aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- rybí oleje aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- tuková tkáň metabolismus patologie účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
