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Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in the developed world and is predicted to become the second by 2030. A cure may be achieved only with surgical resection of an early diagnosed disease. Surgery for more advanced disease is challenging and can be contraindicated for many reasons. Neoadjuvant therapy may improve the probability of achieving R0 resection. It consists of systemic treatment followed by radiation therapy applied concurrently or sequentially with cytostatics. A novel approach to irradiation, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), has the potential to improve treatment results. SBRT can deliver higher doses of radiation to the tumor in only a few treatment fractions. It has attracted significant interest for pancreatic cancer patients, as it is completed quickly, requires less time away from full-dose chemotherapy, and is well-tolerated than conventional radiotherapy. In this review, we aim to provide the reader with a basic overview of current evidence for SBRT indications in the treatment of pancreatic tumors. In the second part of the review, we focus on practical information with respect to SBRT treatment plan preparation the performance of such therapy. Finally, we discuss future directions related to the use of magnetic resonance linear accelerators.

Abstrakt

Využití EUS značení u cílené radioterapie karcinomu pankreatu

Gastroenterologie a hepatologie. 2022 ; 76 (2) : 176. (Budějovice gastroenterologické 2022 6.-7. dubna 2022)

ISSN 1804-7874
Medvik
Zdroj

Publikační typ
abstrakt z konference MeSH

Kapitola

Dědičná dispozice k nádorům trávicího traktu

Hereditární nádorová onemocnění v klinické praxi. 2022 ; () : 217-308.

ISBN 978-80-271-1293-7
Medvik
Zdroj

MeSH
genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
lidé MeSH
nádory trávicího systému * etiologie genetika MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
Publikační typ
přehledy MeSH

Článek

Lipidomic profiling of human serum enables detection of pancreatic cancer

Nature communications. 2022 ; 13 (1) : 124. [pub] 20220110

Nat Commun
ISSN 2041-1723
Medvik
Zdroj

Pancreatic cancer has the worst prognosis among all cancers. Cancer screening of body fluids may improve the survival time prognosis of patients, who are often diagnosed too late at an incurable stage. Several studies report the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in tumor cells, suggesting that changes in the blood lipidome may accompany tumor growth. Here we show that the comprehensive mass spectrometric determination of a wide range of serum lipids reveals statistically significant differences between pancreatic cancer patients and healthy controls, as visualized by multivariate data analysis. Three phases of biomarker discovery research (discovery, qualification, and verification) are applied for 830 samples in total, which shows the dysregulation of some very long chain sphingomyelins, ceramides, and (lyso)phosphatidylcholines. The sensitivity and specificity to diagnose pancreatic cancer are over 90%, which outperforms CA 19-9, especially at an early stage, and is comparable to established diagnostic imaging methods. Furthermore, selected lipid species indicate a potential as prognostic biomarkers.