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PURPOSE: The study aims to evaluate the number of examined newborns and the results of screening for twelve years (2008-2019) and to assess the effectiveness of the established system of neonatal hearing screening. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study was designed as a retrospective longitudinal data analysis. The data included all the children (19,043) born in the hospital and also children (74) transferred from other healthcare facilities. A total of 19,117 children were included in the research group. RESULTS: In the first three years, a higher number of children did not pass the hearing screening, which was followed by a declining trend in the following years. After the first year of screening (2008), there was an improvement in diagnosis linked with a decrease in false-positive screening results (from 9.4% to 6.4%; p = 0.002). From 2008 to 2015, the ratio of children with positive screening to those with negative screening had a steady or declining trend. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed a reduction in false-positive results after the first year of the screening program, probably due to improved care management and a gradual increase in the skills of the nurses performing the screening. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The cornerstones of neonatal hearing screening are a sufficient number of trained neonatology nurses, their mutual substitutability and the availability of a hearing screening device in the newborn ward every day. The results imply the importance of periodic evaluation of the obtained data, enabling early detection of possible deficiencies in the hearing screening system.

Článek online

Hodnocení kvality života a hlasu u pacientů s karcinomem hrtanu
[Evaluation of the quality of life and voice of patients with laryngeal cancer]

Ošetrovateľstvo. 2020 ; 10 (2) : 48-54.

ISSN 1338-6263
Medvik
Zdroj

Aim: Evaluation of the quality of life, subjective perception of changes in voice and vocal functions using the objective methods in patients with laryngeal cancer. Methodology: Selective quantitative survey. Data collection was performed using standardized tools (The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, Voice Handicap Index) and a self-designed questionnaire. The Real Voice Lab (RVL) system was used to measure the voice field objectively, the subjective patients‘ evaluation of voice was done with Voice handicap Index. The research group consisted of 30 patients with laryngeal cancer, who were at least three months after their treatment and without relapse of the disease. The exclusion criteria were the condition after total laryngectomy. The obtained data were evaluated by descriptive statistics. Results: The quality of life was rated worse in the area of physical health (14.47). On the other hand, the quality of life was higher in the domains of experience (15.19), social relations (14.85) and the environment (15.4), when compared with the population of the given average age. The respondents rated the voice difficulties as moderate (36.3), which matched the results of the objective voice examination (RVL). Conclusion: The quality of life was rated worse in the area of physical health when compared to the Czech population of the given average age. On the other hand, the quality of life was higher in the other domains. The objective examination of the voice corresponded to the subjective evaluation of the voice by patients. In comparison with the height and dynamic parameters of the voice fields of the Czech population, there were minimal differences in the normal volume and the loud volume; the values set for calls were significantly lower for patients. The research investigation created a methodology for objective voice examination performed by a general nurse.

Článek

Současné požadavky na včasnou diagnostiku a léčbu vrozené oboustranné velmi těžké vady sluchu
[Current requirements for early hearing detection and intervention at bilateral congenital profound hearing loss]

Listy klinické logopedie. 2019 ; 3 (2) : 75-79. [pub] 20191214

ISSN 2570-6179
Medvik
Zdroj

Oboustranná vrozená sluchová vada je pro dítě vážným (často i celoživotním) hendikepem, především pro omezený příjem informací, pro vývoj řeči, odlišný způsob komunikace, omezení sociálních vztahů včetně edukace a následného životního a pracovního uplatnění. Následky sluchové vady mohou snížit diagnostické, léčebné, reedukační a rehabilitační postupy, mezi které patří včasná diagnostika trvalé sluchové poruchy, aktivní podpora sluchových vjemů pomocí sluchadla a v indikovaných případech včasně provedená kochleární implantace. Vzhledem ke skutečnosti, že v poslední době dochází ke změnám metodiky při screeningu sluchových vad a k posunu zahájení rehabilitace sluchu i chirurgické léčby do ranějšího věkového období, je cílem autorů textu na současné trendy upozornit a zveřejnit požadavky na optimalizaci komplexní péče o děti s vrozenou sluchovou vadou.

Bilateral congenital hearing impairment is a serious lifelong handicap for the disabled child, especially due to the limited reception of information, distorted speech development, different way of communication, and limitation in social relations including career advancements and income expectations. The consequences of hearing impairment can be reduced by diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation procedures, which involve early diagnosis of hearing, active support of auditory perception by hearing aids and, if indicated, cochlear implantation. Because of the most recent changes in the methodology of screening for hearing impairment and the advance in hearing diagnostics and therapy to an earlier age, the authors aim to highlight these trends and publish the current re-quirements for optimizing comprehensive care for children with congenital hearing impairment.

Článek

Rhinogenic orbital inflammation - what has changed over the past 50 years?

Acta Medica. 2019 ; 62 (3) : 94-98.

Acta Med. (Hradec Král.)
ISSN 1805-9694
Medvik
Zdroj

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of the study was to compare the incidence, diagnostics, and treatment of rhinogenic inflammatory complications over the past 50 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 292 patients of ENT department, University hospital: Group A treated from 1966 to 1995, Group B treated from 1996 to 2015. RESULTS: Preseptal inflammation was the most common type (73% vs. 74%), followed by subperiosteal abscess (21% vs. 20%). Surgery was indicated in 35% vs. 37% of the patients (p = 0.434). The most commonly used surgical approach was the external route (80%) in Group A and endoscopic endonasal surgery (60%) or a combination of endoscopic surgery of the paranasal sinuses and external orbitotomy (30%) in Group B (p < 0.001). The percentage of reoperations was 13% vs. 14%. In cases of revision surgery, the orbit was always treated using the external surgical approach. Complete recovery was achieved in 92% and 98.5% of the patients belonging to Group A and B, respectively (p = 0.622). CONCLUSION: Nowadays, the endoscopic endonasal approach is the most frequently used surgical technique for paranasal sinuses. The technique used to treat the orbital complication itself depends on several factors. Nowadays, the endoscopic approach is preferred. The external approach can be considered in the case of recurrent or persistent abscesses, especially if they are located in the upper or the lateral part of the orbit.