Poranění podkolenní tepny u 12leté pacientky, zraněné ve válečném konfliktu na Ukrajině, se navzdory zdánlivě chudé symptomatice a absenci subjektivních těžkostí ukázalo jako závažné, vyžadující operační řešení. Netypická byla prezentace arteriálního poranění bez akutní končetinové ischémie. Klinický obraz dolní končetiny ve smyslu pulseless pink na základě tepenní léze sice není častý, ale jeho podcenění může mít pro pacienta trvalé následky.
A popliteal artery injury in a 12-year-old female patient, injured in the war conflict in Ukraine, proved to be serious, requiring surgical treatment, despite seemingly poor symptoms and the absence of subjective difficulties. The presentation of arterial injury without acute limb ischemia was atypical. The clinical picture of the lower limb in the sense of "pulseless pink" based on an arterial lesion is not common, but its underestimation can have permanent consequences for the patient.
- MeSH
- arteria poplitea * chirurgie diagnostické zobrazování zranění MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- střelné rány MeSH
- válečná poranění * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Ukrajina MeSH
I když je pneumonie relativně častá, ne vždy má klasické příznaky nebo nekomplikovaný průběh. Předkládaná kazuistika popisuje zřídkavý případ aspirační nekrotizující pneumonie, která i přes intenzivní terapii progredovala do gangrény plic a vyžádala si lobektomii. Netypická byla skutečnost, že správná diagnózu byla stanovena až při vyšetření traumatologem pro akutní bolesti břicha. Tento případ zdůrazňuje nutnost důkladného celkového vyšetření pacienta a upozorňuje na vzácnou, ale konzervativně neřešitelnou nekrotizující pneumonii komplikovanou gangrénou plic.
Although pneumonia presents a relatively common diagnosis, it does not always present with classic clinical symptoms, nor does it follow a regular course without complications. The presented case describes a rare case of aspiration necrotizing pneumonia, which despite intensive therapy, progressed to lung gangrene and required a lung lobectomy. Another peculiarity is that the correct diagnosis was established only after the onset of abdominal pain, surprisingly by a trauma surgeon. This case emphasizes the necessity of a thorough general examination and draws attention to a rare, but conservatively intractable necrotizing pneumonia complicated by lung gangrene.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- aspirační pneumonie * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- bolesti břicha diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nekrotizující pneumonie * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- pneumektomie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
BACKGROUND: Solitary fibrous tumour of the liver is a rare mesenchymal tumour, occurring usually in women and with various symptomatology. The symptoms mostly result from pressure of the tumour mass on surrounding organs. Due to unknown biological behaviour and gradual increase of tumour volume, surgical resection is mostly the preferred treatment option. CASE: A 75-year-old woman with a history of endometrial cancer, presenting with an incidental finding of a liver mass, initially considered of infectious origin (either echinococcosis or cysticercosis). Further diagnostics did not clarify the aetiology, a surgical revision was rejected at the time. The subsequent follow-up was interrupted by the development of symptoms of gastrointestinal and renal obstruction, which led to a complete surgical removal of the tumour, sized 30 × 25 × 20 cm. A histopathological examination showed a CD34 and STAT6 positivity, leading to a diagnosis of a giant solitary fibrous tumour of the liver. The patient recovered well, without any signs of recurrence. CONCLUSION: The solitary fibrous tumour of the liver is a rare, often incidental finding. It is considered benign, but malignant growth was also reported. A gradual growth mostly results in pressure on other organs. A surgical resection is the treatment of choice. Transarterial embolization is another treatment possibility. Due to indeterminate malignant potential a regular follow-up is necessary, including tumour markers and imaging methods.
- MeSH
- játra patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- solitární fibrózní tumory * diagnóza chirurgie patologie MeSH
- transkripční faktor STAT6 MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Breast cancer is diagnosed through a patient's Breast Self-Examination (BSE), Clinical Breast Examination (CBE), or para-clinical methods. False negativity of PCM in breast cancer diagnostics leads to a persisting problem associated with breast tumors diagnosed only in advanced stages. As the tumor volume/size at which it becomes invasive is not clear, BSE and CBE play an exceedingly important role in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. The quality and effectiveness of BSE and CBE depend on several factors, among which breast stiffness is the most important one. In this study, the authors present four methods for evaluating breast stiffness pathology during mammography examination based on the outputs obtained during the breast compression process, id est, without exposing the patient to X-Ray radiation. Based on the subjective assessment of breast stiffness by experienced medical examiners, a novel breast stiffness classification was designed, and the best method of its objective measurement was calibrated to fit the scale. Hence, this study provides an objective tool for the identification of patients who, being unable to perform valid BSE, could benefit from an increased frequency of mammography screening. Dum vivimus servimus.
- MeSH
- časná detekce nádoru * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mamografie MeSH
- nádory prsu * diagnóza MeSH
- plošný screening metody MeSH
- samovyšetření prsu MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND Kidney donation after circulatory death (DCD) follows confirmation of death using cardiorespiratory criteria, while donation after brain death (DBD) uses neurological criteria. DBD and DCD donors are the main sources of grafts for transplantation. This retrospective cohort study from a single center in the Czech Republic aimed to compare 5-year post-transplantation outcomes after DCD and DBD transplantation without pre-mortem heparin administration. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 227 recipients with matched donors enrolled in the transplantation program at our institution between 2015 and 2019 were analyzed. Following the application of the inclusion criteria, 99 recipients and 94 matched donors were finally included in the study. RESULTS The duration of cold ischemia (median 961 vs 1100 min, P=0.028) and the perfusion with the preservation solution (median 11 vs 22 min, P<0.001) was statistically significantly shorter in DBD than in DCD grafts. The 1-year survival rates were 97.5% (95% CI 94.1-100.0%) and 90.0% (95% CI: 77.8-100.0%) for DBD and DCD recipients, respectively. The 3-year survival rates were 91.9 (95% CI: 86.0-98.4) and 90.0 (95% CI: 77.8-100.0) for the DBD and DCD groups, respectively. The overall difference in survival between the 2 groups of patients was not statistically significant (P=0.750) nor was disease-free survival (P=0.370). CONCLUSIONS This retrospective study from a single center showed similar 5-year results after kidney transplantation for DCD and DBD donors without pre-mortem heparin administration, including the time to graft failure and patient survival.
- MeSH
- heparin MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozková smrt * MeSH
- přežívání štěpu MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- transplantace ledvin * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), often associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, manifests itself as steatosis, hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, or even end-stage liver disease. NAFLD causes inflammation, insulin resistance and cardiovascular complications. The current study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery on biochemical parameters of hepatic functions in obese patients by comparing them before and one-year after the surgery. METHODS: A total of 72 morbidly obese patients underwent bariatric surgery between 2016 and 2018. The incidence of diabetes mellitus in this group was 29%, median body weight was 124.5 kg (109.0-140.0) and mean body mass index (BMI) was 44.38 ± 6.770 kg/m2. The used surgical procedures included gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, laparoscopic gastric plication, and single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass-sleeve gastrectomy. Biochemical parameters including ALT/AST ratio (AAR), NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), hepatic fibrosis index (FIB-4) and Fatty Liver Index (FLI) were evaluated in all patients at the time of surgery and one year after the intervention. RESULTS: Significant improvement after the intervention was observed in 64 patients. A significant reduction in body weight (P<0.0001), waist circumference (P<0.0001), and body mass index (P<0.0001) were observed. NAFLD liver fibrosis index changed significantly (P<0.0001), suggesting a trend of improvement from advanced fibrosis towards stages 0-2. The FIB-4 fibrosis index indicated significant improvement (P=0.0136). Besides, a significant decline in hepatic steatosis (P<0.0001) was observed after bariatric surgery as compared to the pre-surgery fatty liver conditions. CONCLUSION: Among the strategies to overcome NAFLD-associated impediments, bariatric surgery can be considered effective in reducing obesity and metabolic co-morbidities. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04569396).
- MeSH
- bariatrická chirurgie * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- fibróza MeSH
- jaterní cirhóza komplikace MeSH
- játra MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- morbidní obezita * komplikace patologie chirurgie MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- nealkoholová steatóza jater * etiologie chirurgie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Použití silikonového a latexového drénu je nedílnou součástí chirurgické praxe. Klinika i přehled světové literatury ukazují, že silikonový drén se vyznačuje mnohem nižší mírou fibrotické reakce tkáně kolem drénu. Schopnost latexového neboli pryžového či lidově nazývaného gumového drénu indukovat ve svém okolí tvorbu vaziva se s výhodou využívá v situacích, kdy je žádoucí cílené vytváření jizevnaté tkáně. Tato vlastnost u silikonových drénů absentuje. V dnešní době je však u většiny pracovišť pravidlem používání drénů téměř výlučně silikonových, které se zakládá na prevenci alergie na latex. Článek se věnuje popisu rozdílné a vzájemně nezaměnitelné reakce tkaniva na silikon a latex. Následně se také zabývá otázkou, jestli je soumrak používání latexového drénu v moderní medicíně doopravdy progresem, nebo spíše zpátečnictvím.
The use of silicone and latex drains is an integral part of surgical practice. Experience and the review of the world literature show that silicone drain is characterized by a much lower rate of fibrotic reaction of the tissue around the drain. The ability of a latex, or rubber, or popularly called rubber drain, to induce the formation of ligaments in its surroundings is advantageously used in situations where the targeted formation of scar tissue is desired. This feature is absent in silicone drains. However, nowadays the rule in most surgical departments is to use almost exclusively silicone drains, which is based on prevention of latex allergy. This article is devoted to the description of the different and mutually irreplaceable use of silicone and latex drains. Subsequently, he also discusses the question of whether the twilight of the use of latex drains in modern medicine is really progress, or rather retrogression.
