* Zobrazit nápovědu

Reset

MeSH: Physicians-statistics & numerical data

114 záznamů v Medvik Filtry

Článek online

Praktičtí lékaři v průběhu epidemie COVID-19 dle dostupných dat

Dušek, Ladislav, 1967-
Autor Autorita ORCID Ústav zdravotnických informací a statistiky ČR

Practicus. 2022 ; 21 (5) : 6-10.

ISSN 1213-8711
Medvik
Zdroj

Článek

Průběžné výsledky statistických šetření o platech a mzdách ve zdravotnictví

Zdravotnictví a medicína. 2021 ; 2021 (10) : 4-7.

ISSN 2336-2987
Medvik
Zdroj

Článek online

Representative sample survey on factors determining the Czech physicians' awareness of generic drugs and substitution

BMC health services research. 2019 ; 19 (1) : 777. [pub] 20191030

BMC Health Serv Res
ISSN 1472-6963
Medvik
Zdroj

BACKGROUND: Generic drugs and generic substitution belong to the tools by which healthcare costs may be reduced. However, low awareness and reluctance among healthcare professionals towards generic drugs may negatively affect the rational use of generic substitution. METHODS: The study aimed to analyze opinions and attitudes towards generic drugs and generic substitution among Czech physicians including their understanding of generic substitution legislative rules and the physicians´ previous experience in this field. Using random allocation, 1551 physicians practicing in the Czech Republic were asked to participate in the sociological representative survey conducted from November to December 2016, through face-to-face structured interviews comprising 19 items. Factor analysis as well as reliability analysis of items focused on legal rules in the context of physicians' awareness were applied with p-value of < 0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS: Of a total of 1237 (79.8%) physicians (43.7% males; mean age 47.5 ± 11.6 years, 46.3% general practitioners) 24.8% considered generic drugs to be less safe, especially those with specialized qualification (p < 0.01). However, only 4.4% of the physicians noticed any drug-related problems, including adverse drug reactions associated with generic substitution. The majority of physicians felt neutrally about performing generic substitution in pharmacies, nor they expressed any opinion on characteristics of generics, even though a better understanding of the legislation and higher need of accordance of substituted drugs were associated with more positive attitudes towards generic substitution (p < 0.05). Physicians showed low knowledge score of legislative rules (mean 3.9 ± 1.6 from maximum 9), nevertheless they overestimated the law, as they considered some rules valid, even if the law does not require them. Cronbach alpha of all legislative rules that regulate generic substitution increased from 0.318 to 0.553 if two optional rules (physician consent and strength equivalence) would be taken into account. CONCLUSIONS: There is no sufficient awareness of generic drugs and generic substitution related issues among Czech physicians, although a deeper knowledge of legislation improves their perception about providing generic substitution.

MeSH
dospělí MeSH
generika * ekonomika MeSH
lékaři psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
lidé středního věku MeSH
lidé MeSH
náhrada léků * MeSH
průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
zákonodárství lékové MeSH
zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe * MeSH
Check Tag
dospělí MeSH
lidé středního věku MeSH
lidé MeSH
mužské pohlaví MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH
Geografické názvy
Česká republika MeSH

Článek online

Learning to assist smokers through encounters with standardized patients: An innovative training for physicians in an Eastern European country

PLoS One. 2019 ; 14 (9) : e0222813. [pub] 20190926

ISSN 1932-6203
Medvik
Zdroj

OBJECTIVES: A lack of physician training is a major obstacle for effective tobacco dependence treatment. This study assessed the feasibility of an active learning training program and its effects on smoking cessation counselling skills of medical residents in Armenia, an Eastern European country with high smoking prevalence. STUDY DESIGN: The study used a pre-post assessment of smoking cessation counselling activities and a course evaluation survey to assess the feasibility of the intervention in a different environment. METHODS: We adapted an active learning training model developed in Switzerland. Residents were trained in Yerevan, Armenia, using video-taped counselling sessions, role plays, standardized patients (actors), group discussions and immediate feedback. The training evaluation was done using a semi-structured anonymous questionnaire. The study assessed the physicians' self-reported smoking cessation counselling activities before and 6 months after the training. A non-parametric Mann-Whitney test was used to assess pre-post differences in physicians' counselling skills measured on ordinal scale. RESULTS: Of the 37 residents trained, 75% were female, 89% aged 20-29 years and 83% were never-smokers. Twenty-eight trainees (76%) returned the course evaluation survey and 32 (86%) answered a questionnaire on skills self-assessment at 6 months follow-up. The majority agreed the course was successful in achieving its learning objectives (64%-96%) and increased their confidence in assisting their patients to quit (74%). After 6 months, the physicians were more likely than at baseline to adhere to evidence-based counselling strategies, including assessing the smoking status and dependence and matching the advice to the patient motivation. The training did not, however, improve the prescription of tobacco dependence medications. CONCLUSIONS: Six months after the training, several self-reported smoking cessation counselling activities had significantly improved compared to baseline. This training model is acceptable for medical residents in Yerevan, Armenia and offers a promising approach in addressing the lack of physician counselling skills in similar settings and populations.

Článek

Who burns out more? Comparison of burnout levels between teachers and physicians in the Czech Republic

Activitas Nervosa Superior (2007). 2019 ; 61 (4) : 165-169.

ISSN 1802-9698 (online)
Medvik
Zdroj

Despite burnout being considered primarily a syndrome related to medical professionals, it is now known that it affects a wider range of professions as well. It is seen as a state of complete physical, emotional, and cognitive depletion. In physicians, not only can burnout lead to work-related absenteeism but also it may affect their patients while teachers' burnout may affect the mental well-being of their students. This study explored whether teachers have higher or comparable rates of burnout with the burnout rates of physicians. Furthermore, we compared them to the norms we established in the Czech Republic in the previous year. Cross-sectional data collection was utilized through a combination of multiple questionnaires. The questionnaires analyzed for the purpose of this study were the SMBM and BDI-II. Regardless of gender, physicians suffer from significantly higher burnout symptomatology when compared with teachers. These differences were found to be statistically significant. Furthermore, significant differences were also found between males with depressive symptomatology. We did not observe this difference in females. Our results suggest that, although burnout is a syndrome that appears regardless of profession, its manifestation can be quite different depending on the type of job. Overall, higher levels of burnout were found among female teachers compared with their male counterparts; between physicians, the situation was reversed; burnout affected more males than females. In all categories, more females were within the norm of Czech population. Nonetheless, the risk of burnout should not be underestimated in either of these professions.