AIMS: The objective of the study was to measure one of the circulating Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) - Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) - in a case-control study (n = 307) of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and physiological pregnancies and to ascertain the factors contributing to CML levels and the potential relevance of CML for selected perinatal and postpartum outcomes. METHODS: All subjects underwent oGTT between 24th and 30th week of gestation and GDM was diagnosed according to WHO criteria. CML was determined by ELISA using commercial kit. RESULTS: Unadjusted and plasma protein adjusted CML levels were significantly higher in women with GDM compared to healthy controls (P = 0.00043 and P = 1x10(-5), respectively, Mann-Whitney). CML was significantly inversely correlated with both pre- and mid-gestational BMI, however, differences between GDM and control group remained significant even after adjustment for BMI. CML levels correlated with 1-h and 2-h post-load glycaemia during oGTT. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we found statistically significantly higher protein- and BMI-normalised CML levels measured during 24-30th week of gestation in women with GDM compared to healthy pregnant controls. Further studies are warranted to comprehensively asses the spectrum of AGEs in GDM and their relevance to future metabolic health of mother and offspring.

• MeSH
• časná diagnóza MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• gestační diabetes krev   MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• krevní glukóza metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lysin analogy a deriváty   metabolismus   MeSH
• porucha glukózové tolerance diagnóza   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• výsledek těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

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• MeSH
• Aspirin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• biologické markery analýza   krev   MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• preeklampsie ultrasonografie   MeSH
• první trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• receptor 1 pro vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor MeSH
• screeningové krevní testy v těhotenství metody   MeSH
• těhotenský plazmatický protein A MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ultrasonografie dopplerovská metody   MeSH
• ultrasonografie prenatální metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have increased risk of developing glucose abnormality, but current diagnostic criteria are evidence-based for adverse pregnancy outcome. THE AIMS OF OUR STUDY WERE: (i) to ascertain a frequency of early conversion of GDM into permanent glucose abnormality, (ii) to determine predictive potential of current GDM diagnostic criteria for prediction of postpartum glucose abnormality and (iii) to find optimal cut-off values of oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) to stratify GDM population according to postpartum risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic medical records of an ethnically homogenous cohort of women diagnosed and treated for GDM in a single medical centre during the period 2005-2011 who completed postpartum oGTT up to 1 year after the index delivery were retrospectively analysed (N=305). RESULTS: Postpartum glucose abnormality was detected in 16.7% subjects. Mid-trimester oGTT values, respective area under the curve and HbA1c were significantly associated with early postpartum glucose abnormality (P<0.05, Mann-Whitney) and exhibited significant predictive potential for postpartum glucose abnormality risk assessment. Optimal cut-off values for discrimination of at-risk sub-population were identified using ROC analysis and their comparison with WHO and IADPSG criteria exhibited superiority of IADPSG for risk-stratification of GDM population. CONCLUSION: Risk-based stratification at the time of GDM diagnosis could improve efficiency of the post-gestational screening for diabetes. IADPSG criteria seem to optimally capture both perinatal and maternal metabolic risks and are therefore medically and economically justified.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• gestační diabetes diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• glukózový toleranční test * MeSH
• glykovaný hemoglobin analýza   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• náchylnost k nemoci MeSH
• omezení příjmu potravy krev   MeSH
• plocha pod křivkou MeSH
• porucha glukózové tolerance diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• poruchy v puerperiu diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• ROC křivka MeSH
• screeningové krevní testy v těhotenství * MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• komplikace těhotenství epidemiologie   krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• porodní hmotnost MeSH
• pozorovací studie jako téma MeSH
• těhotenství krev   MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost MeSH
• thyroxin krev   MeSH
• vedení porodu statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství krev   MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• souhrny MeSH

The discovery of presence of fetal non cell DNA in mother's blood and possibility of their measurement in 1997 (Lo ,USA) opened perspectives of safe prenatal screening of aneuploidies. Invasive diagnostics procedures like chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis which have been widely implemented since 70's and 80's present risk of pregnancy loss in amount 1:100 or 1: 50. This approach of invasive and risky prenatal screening in time of demographic disaster in Europe is no longer unsustainable. NIPT on the contrary represents method which is completely safe and achieves the same accuracy regarding screening of trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). Results Our centre has performed about 100 NIPT's (MaterniT21, Harmony, Panorama Prenascan) since 2012. NIPT is offered only to those pregnant women who have low or intermediate risk of aneuploidies after first trimester screening. High percentage of pregnant after assisted reproduction procedures are among those tested by NIPT. The NIPT is a good choice for pregnant women after IVF who are already in advanced age in comparison to normal population. Invasive procedures like CVS or amniocentesis are recommended in case of high risk of aneuploidies ( calculation risk 1:10 resp. 1:50) or ultrasound abnormal findings. We have experience that running NIPT technology is very easy, and has been accepted our patients. Conclusions Our experience with NIPT is very positive. Main advantage of this new technology is safety and we are sure that NIPT is ideal for using in gynaecological practise. The first trimester ultrasound skills and NIPT technology allows gynaecologist to detect majority of aneupliodies and congenital anomalies of fetus.

• MeSH
• amniocentéza škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• aneuploidie MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• genetické nemoci vrozené krev   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• genetické poradenství metody   normy   MeSH
• genetické testování * metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prenatální diagnóza * metody   MeSH
• první trimestr těhotenství * krev   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ultrasonografie prenatální metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hormony štítné žlázy krev   MeSH
• kognice fyziologie   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• komplikace těhotenství krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci štítné žlázy komplikace   krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• poruchy motorických dovedností epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• štítná žláza fyziologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• testy funkce štítné žlázy MeSH
• thyreotropin krev   MeSH
• vývojové poruchy u dětí epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice krev   patofyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• souhrny MeSH

• MeSH
• choriogonadotropin * fyziologie   krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství * krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• první trimestr těhotenství * krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• thyreotropin * antagonisté a inhibitory   krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• thyroxin krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• souhrny MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To analyze methodological influences and characterize the concentrations of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) circulating in maternal plasma at different gestational ages in physiological pregnancies. METHODS: We investigated 238 independent samples from single male-bearing pregnancies of different gestation age. In the other 50 pregnancies, the samples were collected three times during pregnancy (at all trimesters) to evaluate the kinetics of cffDNA. The manual and automated DNA extraction methods (Roche) were compared. cffDNA was amplified using real-time PCR method and Y-specific sequences SRY and DYS14. Total cell-free DNA circulating in maternal plasma was determined by the use of the GADPH sequence. RESULTS: The elevation in the concentration of cffDNA during pregnancy with the highest value in the third trimester was observed independently on the DNA extraction method and on the Y-specific amplified sequence. The same is documented for the percentage of fetal DNA in total cell-free DNA in maternal plasma. It increases also in successive trimesters (8.3, 10.7 and 23.2%). CONCLUSIONS: We discuss methodological problems and describe statistical parameters of cffDNA concentrations in maternal plasma during pregnancy as the basic information for comparison with pregnancies having a pathological outcome. Copyright 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel

• MeSH
• biochemická analýza krve metody   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• DNA krev   MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• kinetika MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• maternofetální výměna látek MeSH
• plod MeSH
• první trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• těhotenství krev   MeSH
• třetí trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• těhotenství krev   MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To measure levels of total plasma cysteine, homocysteine, cysteinylglycine and glutathione of normotensive primiparous pregnant women in the second and the third trimester. METHODS: Two consecutive blood samples were taken from 65 healthy primiparous women in the 19th to 21st weeks of pregnancy and then in the 30th to 32nd weeks. Plasma total cysteine, homocysteine, cysteinylglycine and glutathione were determined by HPLC method. Women were followed until delivery. Sixty-two pregnant women were normotensive throughout the pregnancy and 3 developed pre-eclampsia. Median levels of thiols in the second and the third trimesters were compared using paired t test. RESULTS: Levels (median [range], micromol/l) of plasma total cysteine in normotensive pregnant women were significantly lower in the third than in the mid-trimester (176.1 [163.0, 189.4] vs. 187.4 [178.7, 205.2], p < 0.001). Concentrations of total homocysteine, cysteinylglycine and glutathione were not different. CONCLUSION: Plasma total cysteine (t-Cys) is significantly lower in the third compared to the second trimester. Urinary excretion of t-Cys does not differ in the second compared to the third trimester. The decrease of t-Cys might indicate that cysteine is essential for the fetus. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.

• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• cystein krev   MeSH
• dipeptidy krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• glutathion krev   MeSH
• homocystein krev   MeSH
• krevní tlak MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• preeklampsie krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• těhotenství krev   MeSH
• třetí trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• těhotenství krev   MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Pregnancy is a period when increased oxidative stress can be expected. We have focused especially on oxidative stress and inflammation in the period of pregnancy, when prenatal screening is usually performed. We determined advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), C-reactive protein (CRP) and anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) IgG and IgM levels in the serum of 86 pregnant women in the 1st trimester and 102 pregnant women in the 2nd trimester. AOPP levels in the maternal serum of pregnant women were significantly higher in the 1st and 2nd trimesters than they were in that of non-pregnant women (p<0.0001, p<0.001, respectively). Maternal serum CRP levels, too, were increased compared with those in non-pregnant women (1st and 2nd trimester versus non-pregnant women p<0.05, p<0.005, respectively). Just as with AOPPs and CRP, the ACA IgG levels in pregnant women were significantly higher in both trimesters than they were in non-pregnant women (1st and 2nd trimesters versus non-pregnant women p<0.05, p<0.001, respectively). Maternal serum CRP levels correlated positively with AOPPs in the 2nd trimester (r = 0.504, p<0.05). The increased levels of AOPPs, CRP and ACA IgG in the 1st and 2nd trimesters may reflect a maternal response to inflammatory and oxidative stress in pregnant women.

• MeSH
• antikardiolipinové protilátky krev   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein analýza   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• imunoglobulin G krev   MeSH
• imunoglobulin M krev   MeSH
• komplikace těhotenství diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oxidační stres MeSH
• první trimestr těhotenství krev   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zánět diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH