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7 záznamů v Medvik Filtry

Článek

The surfactant polyethoxylated tallowamine (POEA) reduces lifespan and inhibits fecundity in Drosophila melanogaster- In vivo and in vitro study

Bednářová, Andrea
Autor Bednářová, Andrea Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budĕjovice, Czech Republic
Kropf, Maximillian
Autor Kropf, Maximillian Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budĕjovice, Czech Republic
Krishnan, Natraj
Autor Krishnan, Natraj Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA. Electronic address: nk260@msstate.edu

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 2020 ; 188 (-) : 109883. [pub] 20191105

Ecotoxicol Environ Safety
ISSN 1090-2414
Medvik
Zdroj

In order to develop an understanding of the role of adjuvants in a popular glyphosate-based herbicide - Roundup® Concentrate Plus (RCP), on non-target organisms, the effects of pure glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine], RCP and a non-ionic surfactant - polyethoxylated tallowamine (POEA) were studied in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Acute exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of RCP (15 μg/mL) and POEA (45 μg/mL) reduced (p < 0.001) lifespan of female flies compared to untreated controls or glyphosate (100 μg/mL). Negative geotaxis responses in female flies were reduced (p < 0.05) following acute exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of RCP and POEA whereas glyphosate did not significantly affect this response compared to untreated flies. Acute exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of RCP and POEA elevated (p < 0.05) protein carbonyl levels while markedly (p < 0.01) inhibiting carbonyl reductase activity whereas glyphosate treatment did not significantly affect protein carbonyl levels or carbonyl reductase activity. Fecundity was reduced (p < 0.05) following exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of RCP and POEA whereas glyphosate did not affect fecundity. In vitro treatment of ovarian stem sheath (OSS) cells with sub-lethal concentrations of RCP and POEA revealed decreased cell viability and enhanced caspase activity indicative of pro-apoptotic processes after 48 h compared to untreated controls. Glyphosate however was non-toxic at the concentration used. The results suggest that RCP and the surfactant POEA are more toxic than pure glyphosate and inhibit fecundity in Drosophila by impairing cell viability through enhanced apoptosis.

MeSH
adjuvancia farmaceutická toxicita MeSH
apoptóza účinky léků MeSH
buněčné linie MeSH
dlouhověkost účinky léků MeSH
Drosophila melanogaster účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
fertilita účinky léků MeSH
glycin analogy a deriváty toxicita MeSH
herbicidy toxicita MeSH
polyethylenglykoly toxicita MeSH
povrchově aktivní látky toxicita MeSH
zvířata MeSH
Check Tag
ženské pohlaví MeSH
zvířata MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH

Článek

Illuminating the cellular and molecular mechanism of the potential toxicity of methacrylate monomers used in biomaterials

Juráňová, Jana
Autor Juráňová, Jana Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, Czech Republic. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacky University, Hněvotínská 5, Olomouc, Czech Republic

Drug and chemical toxicology. 2020 ; 43 (3) : 266-278. [pub] 20190104

Drug Chem Toxicol
ISSN 1525-6014
Medvik
Zdroj

The cytotoxicity of methacrylate-based biopolymers crosslinked by in situ photopolymerization has been attributed mainly to residual methacrylate monomers released due to incomplete polymerization. The residual monomers, primarily triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate or 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, may irritate adjacent tissue, or be released into the bloodstream and reach practically all tissues. Increased production of reactive oxygen species, which may be connected to concomitant glutathione depletion, has been the most noticeable effect observed in vitro following the exposure of cells to methacrylates. Radical scavengers such as glutathione or N-acetylcysteine represent the most important cellular strategy against methacrylate-induced toxicity by direct adduct formation, resulting in monomer detoxification. Reactive oxygen species may participate in methacrylate-induced genotoxic or pro-apoptotic effects and cell-cycle arrest via induction of corresponding molecular pathways in cells. A deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms and effects of methacrylates widely used in various bioapplications may enable a better estimation of potential risks and thus, selection of a more appropriate composition of polymer material to eliminate potentially harmful substances such as triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate.

MeSH
acetylcystein farmakologie MeSH
biokompatibilní materiály chemie toxicita MeSH
glutathion metabolismus MeSH
kyseliny polymethakrylové chemie toxicita MeSH
lidé MeSH
methakryláty chemie toxicita MeSH
polyethylenglykoly chemie toxicita MeSH
reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
scavengery volných radikálů farmakologie MeSH
zvířata MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
zvířata MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH
přehledy MeSH

Článek

Evaluation of the medical devices benchmark materials in the controlled human patch testing and in the RhE in vitro skin irritation protocol

Toxicology in vitro. 2018 ; 50 (-) : 433-438. [pub] 20180217

Toxicol In Vitro
ISSN 1879-3177
Medvik
Zdroj

Several irritants were used in the in vitro irritation medical device round robin. The objective of this study was to verify their irritation potential using the human patch test (HPT), an in vitro assay, and in vivo data. The irritants were lactic acid (LA), heptanoic acid (HA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Genapol® X-80 (GP), and Y-4 polymer. Dilute saline and sesame seed oil (SSO) solutions of each were evaluated using a 4 and 18 h HPT and the EpiDerm™ SIT-MD RhE assay; results were then compared to existing rabbit skin irritation test data. Results from the 4 h HPT were negative in most cases except for GP and SDS, while the 18 h HPT also identified some LA, HA, and GP samples as irritants. EpiDerm™ SIT-MD correctly identified all irritants except GP in SSO due to limited solubility. Data from cutaneous rabbit irritation tests were negative, while all intracutaneous results were strongly or weakly positive except for the most dilute GP solutions. These findings indicate that EpiDerm™ SIT-MD results correlate with those from the rabbit intracutaneous test and confirm that RhE assays are suitable replacements for animals in evaluating the tissue irritation potential of medical devices.

Článek

Different doxorubicin formulations affect plasma 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and gene expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 and thioredoxin reductase 2 in rat

Physiological research. 2015 ; 64 (Suppl. 5) : S653-S660. [pub] 20151215

Physiol. Res. (Print)
ISSN 1802-9973
Medvik
Zdroj

Proceedings of the ... Physiological days. 2015 ; () : S653-S660.

Medvik
Zdroj

Increased oxidative stress is indisputably an important mechanism of doxorubicin side effects, especially its cardiotoxicity. To prevent impairment of non-tumorous tissue and to improve the specificity in targeting the tumor tissue, new drug nanotransporters are developed. In many cases preclinical therapeutic advantage has been shown when compared with the administration of conventional drug solution. Three forms of doxorubicin--conventional (DOX), encapsulated in liposomes (lipoDOX) and in apoferritin (apoDOX) were applied to Wistar rats. After 24 h exposition, the plasma level of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) as a marker of lipoperoxidation and tissue gene expression of thioredoxin reductase 2 (TXNRD2) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1) as an important part of antioxidative system were determined. Only conventional DOX significantly increases the level of 4-HNE; encapsulated forms on the other hand show significant decrease in plasma levels of 4-HNE in comparison with DOX. They also cause significant decrease in gene expression of ALDH3A1 and TXNRD2 in liver as a main detoxification organ, and a mild influence on the expression of these enzymes in left heart ventricle as a potential target of toxicity. Thus, 4-HNE seems to be a good potential biomarker of oxidative stress induced by various forms of doxorubicin.