left atrial reservoir function
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To assess the feasibility of left atrial flow propagation velocity (LAFPV) measurement and to evaluate the influence of preload alterations on this new parameter of left atrial (LA) reservoir function as compared to conventional echocardiographic indices. 30 healthy volunteers (26 ± 5 years, 20 males) underwent echocardiographic examination at rest, during passive leg lifting and after sublingual administration of nitroglycerine with subsequent Valsalva maneuver. LA reservoir function was assessed by conventional indices including LA expansion index, peak velocity and velocity-time integral of pulmonary venous systolic flow. As well, LAFPV was measured by color M-mode in an apical 4-chamber view as the slope of the transatrial flow wave during LA reservoir phase. LAFPV measurement was feasible in 25 subjects (83%). All conventional parameters of LA reservoir function were significantly altered from resting values by both load-modifying conditions. However, LAPFV was not significantly altered by such maneuvers (228 ± 28 cm s⁻¹ at rest vs. 238 ± 3 cm s⁻¹ during leg lifting, P = NS, vs. 218 ± 38 cm s(-1) after nitroglycerin with Valsalva maneuver, P = NS vs. rest, P < 0.01 vs. leg lifting). LAFPV can be measured in a majority of subjects and represents a new, less load-dependent index of LA reservoir function that may more appropriately reflect LA compliance.
- MeSH
- analýza rozptylu MeSH
- barevná dopplerovská echokardiografie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hemodynamika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nitroglycerin aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- odchylka pozorovatele MeSH
- poddajnost MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- pulzní dopplerovská echokardiografie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- rychlost toku krve MeSH
- srdce - funkce levé síně MeSH
- srdeční síně patofyziologie ultrasonografie MeSH
- studie proveditelnosti MeSH
- svalová kontrakce MeSH
- Valsalvův manévr MeSH
- vazodilatancia aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- venae pulmonales patofyziologie ultrasonografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Cieľ: Hodnotenie echokardiografických parametrov a poukázanie na rôzne spôsoby merania veľkosti ľavej predsiene (ĽP). Nájsť vhodný parameter, ktorý by bol čo najpresnejší prediktor pre recidívu fibrilácie predsiení (FiP). Metódy a výsledky: Bola realizovaná prospektívna analýza v období od júna 2016 do júna 2018. Vstupným kritériom bola nevalvulárna FiP a plánovaná elektrická kardioverzia (EKV). Sledované parametre: anatomické parametre (rozmer ĽP v M-mode, objem ĽP meraný Simpsonovou metódou) a funkčné parametre (hodnotenie rezervoárovej funkcie prostredníctvom 3D echokardiografie: vyprázdňovacie frakcie [EF] ĽP a 2D speckle trackingu: strain ĽP). Štatistická analýza bola uskutočnená pomocou programu STATISTICA Cz 10. Celkovo bolo vyšetrených 56 pacientov, po uplatnení exklúznych kritérií sme sledovali 36 pacientov v dvoch intervaloch (po 1. a 6. mesiaci). Priemerný vek nášho súboru bol 60 ± 17 rokov. Prevažovali muži a pacienti s perzistujúcou FiP. Pri porovnaní anatomických a funkčných parametrov ĽP ako prediktora recidívy FiP nám štatisticky významne vyšli funkčné parametre. V skupine so sinusovým rytmom (SR) bola signifikantne vyššia EF ĽP a GLS ĽP v porovnaní so skupinou s FiP (EF ĽP: 38,3 ± 6,4 vs. 28,5 ± 3,20; globálny longitudinálny strain ľavej predsiene [GLS ĽP]: 18,5 ± 5,32 vs. 9,7 ± 5,10, p < 0,001). Pri použití 3D volumetrie ĽP sa ukázal ako štatisticky významný rozdiel v endsystolických objemoch (ml/m2) v skupine so SR v porovnaní s FiP (21,5 ± 9,08 vs. 26,8 ± 4,44, p < 0,05). Záver: Anatomické parametre ako prediktor rizika recidívy FiP nevyšli štatisticky významne. Naproti tomu funk- čné parametre ĽP vyšli štatisticky významne. Skutočnosť, že existujú nové techniky na hodnotenie funkcie ĽP nám otvára možnosti lepšej predikcie kardiovaskulárnych príhod, a teda aj stratifikácie pacientov k recidíve FiP.
Aim: The evaluation of echocardiographic parameters and indication of various methods of measurement of the left atrium (LA) size. To find an appropriate parameter which would be the most precise predictor for the atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. Methods and results: A prospective analysis was executed during the period of June 2016 to June 2018. The inclusion criteria were non-valvular AF and planned electric cardioversion. Monitored parameters: anatomical parameters (LA size in M-mode, LA capacity measured by the Simpson's method) and functional parameters (reservoir function evaluation via 3D echocardiography, LA EF and 2D speckle tracking, LA strain). The statistical analysis was carried out via the STATISTICA Cz 10 programme. We examined 56 patients in total, after application of the exclusion criteria, we analysed 36 patients in two intervals (after 1st and 6th month). The average age of our group was 60 ± 17 years. Men and patients with persisting AF predominated in our group. Upon the comparison of the anatomic and functional parameters of LA, as the predictor of the AF recurrence, the functional parameters showed to be statistically significant. In the group with a sinus rhythm the value of LA EF and LA GLS was much higher compared to the group with AF (LA EF: 38.3±6.4 vs 28.5±3.20; LA GLS: 18.5±5.32 vs 9.7±5.10, p <0.001). When applying the 3D LA volumetry, the difference between the endsystolic volumes (ml/m2) in the group with a sinus rhythm compared to the AF (21.5±9.08 vs 26.8±4.44, p <0.05) turned out as statistically significant.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an abnormal and irregular heartbeat caused by uncoordinated electrical impulses in the left atrium (LA), which could induce lasting changes in the heart tissue or could be a consequence of underlying cardiac disease. This study aimed to assess the left atrial phasic function and deformation in paroxysmal AF (PAF) patients-who had not received radiofrequency ablation and had no signs of permanent AF-using the cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) feature-tracking (FT) technique. Fifty subjects (27 PAF patients and 23 controls) were included and examined with CMR. Their LA volume, LA function, LA longitudinal strain (LS) and LA strain rate were assessed in the LA reservoir, conduit, and contractile phases. PAF patients exhibited higher LA volumes than controls, while their LA emptying fraction and LA LS was significantly lower in all three phases. In contrast, the corresponding emptying volumes (total, passive and active) were similar in both groups. The LA volumetric rates from CMR-derived volume curves differed significantly in PAF patients vs controls in the reservoir and contractile phases. In contrast, the equivalent LV volumetric rates were similar. This study suggests that assessing the LA phasic function could offer insight into early LA impairments for PAF patients.
BACKGROUND: Left atrial (LA) fibrosis begets atrial fibrillation (AF). Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) using the late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) technique might visualize the LA fibrosis and thus help to choose an appropriate strategy for treatment of AF. In this regard, we investigated whether the extent of preablation LA LGE would predict AF recurrence after ablation in a non-selected patient population. METHODS: CMR was performed in 95 patients before radiofrequency ablation of AF. An interpretable scan was available in 73 patients (age, 59 ± 8 years; men, 71%; persistent/paroxysmal AF, 55/45%). The extent of LA LGE was quantified by three established thresholding techniques. In addition, CMR was used to quantify LA volume and reservoir function. The patients were followed for AF recurrence for 1.3 ± 0.8 years. RESULTS: The arrhythmia recurred in 29 (40%) of the patients. The extent of LA LGE did not differ between paroxysmal and persistent AF and it did not predict the AF recurrence. Moreover, the extent of LA LGE did not correlate with LA volume, reservoir function and bipolar voltage. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate a limited value of a routine assessment of LA LGE before ablation of AF. Further experimental and clinical researches should be done before applying the method to a wide clinical practice.
- MeSH
- fibrilace síní diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- gadolinium diagnostické užití MeSH
- katetrizační ablace * metody MeSH
- kontrastní látky diagnostické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonance kinematografická metody MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- radionuklidy diagnostické užití MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční síně patologie chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The randomized PRAGUE-17 trial demonstrated noninferiority of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) to non-vitamin K anticoagulants (NOACs) for the prevention of major cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. However, the left atrial appendage is an important source of natriuretic peptides and plays a role in left atrial reservoir function. Changes of heart failure (HF) biomarkers after LAAC compared to NOAC has not been studied. The aim of the study was to compare the changes in concentrations of HF biomarkers between LAAC and NOAC patients. METHODS: Of 402 patients randomized in the PRAGUE-17 trial, biomarkers were analyzed in 144 patients (73 in the NOAC and 71 in the LAAC group). Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. Serum concentration of NT-proBNP, NT-proANP, Galectin-3, and GDF-15 were measured at baseline (before the procedure in the LAAC group), at the 6-month (and at 24-month for NT-proBNP) follow-up timepoint. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in baseline, 6 month, and delta (δ = baseline - 6 month) concentrations of NT-proANP between the groups (NOAC: baseline 2.6 [0.5; 4.9], 6-month 3.1 [1.8; 4.8], p = .068; LAAC: baseline 3.3 [1.1; 4.6], 6-month 2.6 [0.9; 5.3], p = .51; p value for δ in concentrations between groups = 0.42). Similarly, there were no significant differences in baseline, 6, 24 months, and delta concentrations of NT-proBNP between the groups (NOAC: baseline 461.0 [113.5; 1342.0], 6 month 440.0 [120.5; 1291.5], 24 month 798 [274; 2236], p = .39; LAAC: baseline 421.0 [100.0; 1320.0], 6 month 601.0 [145.0; 1230.0], 24 month 855 [410; 1367], p = .28; p value for δ in concentrations between groups = 0.73 at 6 months, and 0.58 at 24 months). Finally, no significant differences were present in baseline, 6 month, and δ concentrations of Galectin-3 and GDF-15 between the two groups. CONCLUSION: LAAC did not significantly influence the levels of HF biomarkers 6 months after the procedure.
- MeSH
- antikoagulancia terapeutické užití MeSH
- aplikace orální MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda * MeSH
- fibrilace síní * diagnóza farmakoterapie chirurgie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- síňové ouško * diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- srdeční selhání * diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Cíl: Cílem naší studie bylo zkoumat případnou souvislost mezi degenerací aortální chlopně (aortic valve, AV) a funkcí levé komory srdeční (left ventricle, LV) a zda se taková souvislost následně projevuje na hodnotách biomarkerů. Metody: Do studie bylo zařazeno 42 po sobě následujících pacientů s degenerativním postižením AV a 25 kontrolních jedinců. Aortální chlopně byly podle typu degenerace rozděleny na chlopně se stenotickými a sklerotickými změnami. U všech pacientů bylo před bicyklovou ergometrií v pozici pololeže a následně po ní provedeno vyšetření metodami dvoudimenzionální (2D) jícnové echokardiografie a 2D speckle tracking echokardiografie (STE). Sledovali jsme rovněž souvislost mezi sklerotickým postižením aorty a hodnoty biomarkerů, jako jsou galektin-3, troponin T stanovený metodou s vysokou citlivostí (high-sensitive [hs] troponin-T), C-reaktivní protein (CRP) a pro-BNP. Výsledky: Celkový longitudinální strain (global longitudinal strain, GLS) LK byl při maximální zátěži a v době zotavování statisticky významně horší u pacientů s degenerovanou AV než u kontrol. Při bazální zátěži a maximální zátěži i v období zotavování byly u pacientů s degenerovanou AV - ve srovnání s kontrolami - statisticky významně více postižené i rezervoárová a konduitní funkce levé síně. Hodnoty CRP, hs-troponinu T a pro-BNP byly ve skupinách s degenerovanou AV statisticky významně vyšší než u kontrol. Hodnota LV GLS korelovala negativně s hodnotami CRP a E/e' při maximální zátěži i s průměrnými transvalvulárními tlakovými gradienty u AV v klidu a při maximální zátěži. Multivariační lineární regresní analýza prokázala, že hodnoty CRP a průměrné transvalvulární tlakové gradienty u AV při maximální zátěži jsou nezávislými prediktory LV GLS. Závěry: Přes normální funkci LV nejenže dochází u pacientů s aortální sklerózou k významnému zhoršení LV GLS, tato změna je výraznější při maximální zátěži. Z výsledků naší studie lze usuzovat, že STE představuje spolehlivý nástroj pro časnou detekci poruchy funkce LV pacientů s aortální sklerózou.
Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore the association between aortic valve (AV) degeneration and left ventricular (LV) functions and its relation with biomarkers. Methods: Forty-two consecutive patients with degenerative AV disease and 25 controls were included. Degenerative AV were divided into stenotic and sclerotic valves. All patients underwent a two-dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography and 2D speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) before and after semi-supine bicycle exercise test. We also evaluated the association between aortic sclerosis and biomarkers such as galactine-3, high-sensitive (hs) troponin-T, C-reactive protein (CRP) and pro-BNP. Results: LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) was significantly impaired in degenerative AV patients than control at peak exercise and recovery period. Left atrial reservoir and conduit functions were also significantly impaired in degenerative AV patients than control at basal, peak exercise, and recovery period. CRP, hs-troponin T, and pro-BNP were significantly higher in degenerative valve groups than controls. LV-GLS was inversely correlated with CRP levels, E/e' at peak exercise, mean transvalvular aortic pressure gradients at rest and peak exercise. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that CRP levels and mean transvalvular aortic pressure gradients at peak exercise were independent predictors of LV-GLS at peak exercise. Conclusions: Despite normal LV function, LV-GLS is not only significantly impaired in patients with aortic sclerosis but also the impairment is more pronounced during peak exercise. Results of the present study suggest that STE is a reliable tool in early detection on LV impairment in patients with aortic sclerosis. Klíčové slovo: Degenerace aortální chlopně
In patients with heart failure and preserved or mildly reduced ejection fractions (EF ≥40%), implantation of an interatrial shunt device (IASD) resulted in heterogenous changes of the left atrial (LA) volume. Baseline characteristics that correlate with a favorable decrease in LA volume are unknown. We hypothesized that a larger ratio of left to right atrial volume at baseline would correlate strongly with LA volume decongestion following IASD implantation. Reduce Elevated LA Pressure in Patients With Heart Failure was a multicenter study of the safety and feasibility of IASD implantation. Sixty-four patients with EF ≥40% underwent device implantation along with baseline conventional echocardiograms, speckle tracking echocardiography, and resting and exercise hemodynamics. Higher LA compliance (-4.2%, p = 0.048) and right atrial reservoir strain (-0.8%, p = 0.005) were independently associated with a percent decrease in the systolic LA volume index from baseline to 6-months. In conclusion, greater LA volume reduction following IASD implantation is associated with higher baseline compliance of the left atrium and higher reservoir strain of the right atrium.
- MeSH
- dopplerovská echokardiografie metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- funkce levé komory srdeční fyziologie MeSH
- hemodynamika fyziologie MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- implantace protézy metody MeSH
- kardiochirurgické výkony metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lineární modely MeSH
- míra přežití MeSH
- multivariační analýza MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- protézy a implantáty * MeSH
- srdeční katetrizace metody MeSH
- srdeční selhání diagnostické zobrazování mortalita chirurgie MeSH
- srdeční síně patofyziologie MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- tepový objem MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
AIMS: Identification of heart failure (HF) patients with secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) that benefit from mitral valve (MV) repair remains challenging. We have focused on the role of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) and reservoir left atrial longitudinal strain (LASr) for the prediction of long-term survival and reverse remodelling in patients with SMR undergoing endoscopic MV repair. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population consisted of 110 patients (age 67 ± 11 years, 66% men) with symptomatic SMR undergoing isolated MV repair using a minimally invasive surgical approach. Speckle tracking-derived LV-GLS and LASr were assessed in apical views using vendor-independent software. Over a median of 7.7 years (IQRs 2.9-11.2), 64 patients (58%) died. Significant reverse LV (↓ LVESVI >10 mL/m2 ), LA (↓ LAVI >10 mL/m2 ) remodelling or both were observed in 43 (39%), 37 (34%) and 19 (17%) patients, respectively. LV-GLS (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.58-0.79, P < 0.001) and LASr (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.97, P < 0.01) but not LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and LA volume index (LAVi) emerged as independent predictors of all-cause mortality in Cox regression analysis. LV-GLS was the only independent predictor of LV reverse remodelling (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05-1.43, P < 0.001) whereas LAVi and LASr were both independent predictors of LA reverse remodelling (both P < 0.05). In patients with atrial fibrillation at baseline, only LASr was an independent predictor (P < 0.05) of LA reverse remodelling. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with SMR undergoing endoscopic MV repair, LV-GLS and LASr are independently associated with long-term survival and reverse remodelling and may be helpful in selecting SMR patients who may benefit from this procedure.
- MeSH
- funkce levé komory srdeční MeSH
- kardiochirurgické výkony * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mitrální chlopeň diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- mitrální insuficience * diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tepový objem MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH