This study reports on the successful use of a machine learning approach using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy for the classification and prediction of a donor's sex from the fingernails of 63 individuals. A significant advantage of ATR FT-IR is its ability to provide a specific spectral signature for different samples based on their biochemical composition. The infrared spectrum reveals unique vibrational features of a sample based on the different absorption frequencies of the individual functional groups. This technique is fast, simple, non-destructive, and requires only small quantities of measured material with minimal-to-no sample preparation. However, advanced multivariate techniques are needed to elucidate multiplex spectral information and the small differences caused by donor characteristics. We developed an analytical method using ATR FT-IR spectroscopy advanced with machine learning (ML) based on 63 donors' fingernails (37 males, 26 females). The PLS-DA and ANN models were established, and their generalization abilities were compared. Here, the PLS scores from the PLS-DA model were used for an artificial neural network (ANN) to create a classification model. The proposed ANN model showed a greater potential for predictions, and it was validated against an independent dataset, which resulted in 92% correctly classified spectra. The results of the study are quite impressive, with 100% accuracy achieved in correctly classifying donors as either male or female at the donor level. Here, we underscore the potential of ML algorithms to leverage the selectivity of ATR FT-IR spectroscopy and produce predictions along with information about the level of certainty in a scientifically defensible manner. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the value of ATR FT-IR spectroscopy as a forensic tool to discriminate between male and female donors, which is significant for forensic applications.
Pedicure has become an important part of body care, as more and more people of all ages realize the importance of professional care. The condition of the feet can significantly affect the quality of life. Pedicure is performed in two basic ways, wet and dry. Due to modern technologies and procedures, and based on ever-increasing demand, clients in foot care workplaces can be offered above-standard procedures provided by trained professionals, pedicurist with special skills in podology. A professional and responsible approach to the practising the profession is a decisive factor in eliminating health risks on the part of clients as well as providers of these services.
- Klíčová slova
- pedikéři,
- MeSH
- hygiena normy MeSH
- kosmetické techniky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nehty MeSH
- noha (od hlezna dolů) MeSH
- péče o kůži ošetřování MeSH
- podiatrie * MeSH
- pracovní expozice * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- alopecie chemicky indukované patologie MeSH
- cytostatické látky klasifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kožní nemoci * chemicky indukované klasifikace terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nehty patologie účinky léků MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv * MeSH
- protinádorové látky škodlivé účinky MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- syndrom ruka-noha patologie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Podnehtové pigmentace jsou poměrně často vyšetřovány i v běžné klinické praxi, role dermatoskopie můžebýt v diferenciální diagnostice klíčová. Indikace k chirurgickým výkonům na nehtech pečlivě zvažujeme, nadruhou stranu je třeba akrální melanomy diagnostikovat a léčit včas. Všechny melanocytové projevy nehtumají v dermatoskopu obraz „longitudinální melanonychie“ – proužku probíhajícího bez přerušení v celé dlouhé ose nehtové ploténky. Lentiga, melanocytové névy a tenké maligní melanomy se navzájem liší barvou proužku, uspořádánímjednotlivých linií, eventuálně dalšími doprovodnými dermatoskopickými znaky (Hutchinsonovo znamení, trojúhelníkovitý tvar léze). Často vyšetřované podnehtové krvácení nebo infekce nehtové ploténky nevytváří obraz longitudinální melanonychie a odrůstají v čase bez terapie nebo při odpovídající léčbě.
Subungual pigmentations are quite often investigated in normal clinical practice, the role ofdermatoscopy can be crucial in the differential diagnosis. We carefully consider the indications for surgical procedures on the nails, on the other hand, acral melanomas need to be diagnosed and treated in time. Allmelanocytic manifestations of the nail have the image of "longitudinal melanonychia" in the dermatoscope –a band running without interruption along the entire long axis of the nail plate. Lentigines, melanocytic nevi and thin malignant melanomas differ from each other in the color of the band, the arrangement of the individual lines, possibly, by other accompanying dermatoscopic signs (Hutchinson’s sign, triangular shapeof the lesion). Frequently investigated nail bleeding or infection of the nail plate does not create a picture of longitudinal melanonychia and gradually disappears with the growth shift of the nail plate without therapy or after appropriate treatment.
- Klíčová slova
- longitudinální melanonychie,
- MeSH
- dermatoskopie * metody MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- nehty diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- onychomykóza diagnostické zobrazování diagnóza patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- křemík terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- malformované nehty diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- masticha terapeutické užití MeSH
- nehty anatomie a histologie patologie MeSH
- nemoci nehtů * diagnóza etiologie farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- onycholýza diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- primární hypertrofická osteoartropatie diagnóza patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Autoři popisují případ 65leté ženy s anamnézou kožních projevů délky 9 měsíců, které přechodně ustoupily po aplikaci lokálních kortikoidů. Biopsie prokázala typický obraz hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans – morbus Flegel. Vedlejším nálezem bylo výrazné dolíčkování nehtových plotének prstů rukou, které se současnou pozitivitou Auspitzova fenoménu může vést k diagnóze psoriázy. Koincidence změn na nehtech a morbus Flegel dosud nebyla popsána. Práce poskytuje přehled současných poznatků o tomto vzácném onemocnění.
The authors report a case of a 65-year-old woman with nine month history of cutaneous lesions that subsided temporarily after the administration of topical corticosteroids. The biopsy confirmed a typical signs of hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans – morbus Flegel. An incidental finding was a significant pitting of the fingernails, which with the current positivity of the Auspitz sign might lead to the diagnosis of psoriasis. The coincidence of nail changes and morbus Flegel has not been described yet. The paper provides an overview of current knowledge of this rare disease
- Klíčová slova
- hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans, morbus Flegel, dolíčkování nehtů,
- MeSH
- keratóza * diagnóza patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nehty patologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY In this study we aimed to investigate the clinical and radiographic results of AO/OTA 31 A3 fractures operated on with either a proximal femoral lateral locking plate or short cephalomedullary nails. MATERIAL AND METHODS/RESULTS Medical data of patients treated with either implant were evaluated retrospectively. Patients > 55 years old sustaining an AO 31 A3 type fracture with a minimum follow-up of one year from two institutions were included in the study. RESULTS In all, 22 patients in the plate group and 30 patients in the nail group were included. All patients achieved union excluding the patients with failure. No significant differences in the mean duration of surgery, pre- and postoperative hemoglobin levels, duration of union time, or need for an open reduction or revision surgery were observed between the two groups. Reduction quality was better in the nail group. Failure of fixation was detected in three patients in the plate group and in four patients in the nail group. The duration of hospital stay was longer in the plate group than the nail group (p = 0.007). Time to independent mobilization was significantly shorter in the nail group than the plate group (p = 0.027). The Harris hip score results were similar between the groups after one year (p = 0.479). CONCLUSIONS Both implants had similar radiographic and clinical outcomes treat 31 A3 intertrochanteric fractures if the lateral wall of the proximal fragment was intact and anatomical medial-posteromedial restoration of the fracture is performed. Although complication rates were similar between the two groups, nails enabled early mobilization of patients. Key words: intertrochanteric, 31 A3 fracture, fixation, PFLP, nail.
- MeSH
- fraktury femuru * diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- fraktury kyčle * diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- intramedulární fixace fraktury * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kostní hřeby MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nehty MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Toenail onychomycosis caused by dermatophytes is a significant medical and financial worldwide burden. Relatively scant research has been undertaken as to the predominant species and strains causing this condition in Australia, which is a unique isolated continent with diverse geographical, climatic and population regions. Four regions were selected in Eastern Australia: Far North Queensland, Rural Victoria, Melbourne Metropolitan and Tasmania. From each of these areas, communal nail dust bags from podiatric physicians' work were collected and analysed. A total of 32 dust bags were collected: 10 from Far North Queensland, 8 from Melbourne Metropolitan, 8 from Rural Victoria and 6 from Tasmania. Dermatophyte test medium was used to isolate dermatophytes from the dust, and the colonies were subcultured to Potato Dextrose Agar. Of the bags collected, in total 69% were positive for dermatophytes: 40% from Far North Queensland, 75% from Melbourne Metropolitan, 88% from Rural Victoria and 83% from Tasmania. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA was used to identify and compare isolates. A total of 148 dermatophyte strains were identified. The predominant species isolated was Trichophyton interdigitale (125 isolates), which was found in all four regions. This species was further subdivided into four ITS genotypes: the first two were present in all regions, but the third was found only in the Melbourne Metropolitan area and the fourth only in Tasmania. Only one strain of Trichophyton rubrum was found and only in Rural Victoria. Eighteen isolates of Arthroderma quadrifidum were cultured from Rural Victoria and Tasmania and were further classified into three ITS genotypes. Some isolates rarely reported in clinical material were identified as Paraphyton cookei, Arthroderma tuberculatum and Arthroderma crocatum. A potentially new species of Arthroderma was also found in Melbourne Metropolitan. These findings reveal a unique dermatophyte fingerprint in toenails for Eastern Australia.
- MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- intergenová DNA genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nehty mikrobiologie MeSH
- onychomykóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- Trichophyton genetika patogenita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Austrálie MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- akrolentiginózní melanom,
- MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- hyperpigmentace etiologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom * diagnóza patologie terapie MeSH
- nehty patologie MeSH
- nemoci nehtů diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- nivolumab terapeutické užití MeSH
- opožděná diagnóza škodlivé účinky MeSH
- pata patologie MeSH
- vředy na noze (od hlezna dolů) diagnóza patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
