Cytocompatibility Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Úvod a cíl: Oxidické vrstvy na povrchu titanové slitiny mají vliv na odolnost proti korozi a biokompatibilitu. Vynikající kompatibilita mezi tkání, kostí a slitinou titanu je převážně řízena vlastnostmi jeho stabilní povrchové vrstvy složené z oxidu titaničitého. Oxidové vrstvy mohou být připraveny mnoha různými metodami; oxidační proces a jeho podmínky vedou k různým vrstvám: rozdíly jsou v chemickém složení, mechanických vlastnostech, struktuře atd. Odchylka ve struktuře vrstvy může ovlivnit stabilitu, přilnavost nebo biokompatibilitu vrstvy. Anodická oxidace titanových slitin ve vhodném médiu (a za určitého napětí a proudové hustoty) může vytvořit nejen oxidickou vrstvu, ale také strukturu na povrchu oxidické vrstvy. Tato struktura je obvykle charakterizována póry o velikosti od desítek do stovek nanometrů. Strukturovaný povrch radikálně mění interakci mezi povrchem titanu a buňkami, a tím i chování tohoto materiálu uvnitř těla. Chování buněk na strukturovaném povrchu různých slitin titanu není dosud řádně popsáno. Tato experimentální práce povede k lepšímu pochopení těchto strukturovaných oxidových vrstev. Metody: Anodická oxidace byla provedena na vyleštěných vzorcích z Ti6Al4V ELI. Oxidační proces probíhal v elektrolytu 1M H2SO4 s napětím kolem 100 V a proudovou hustotou 50 mA/cm2. Výsledná oxidická vrstva byla hodnocena a dokumentována pomocí řádkovací elektronové mikroskopie (SEM), kterou byla kontrolována tloušťka oxidické vrstvy a povrchová morfologie. Pozorována byla také změna zbarvení a drsnosti povrchové vrstvy po oxidaci související s růstem oxidů. Cytokompatibilita povrchu materiálu je vyjádřena stanovením plochy povrchu, kterou obsadí buňky po třídenní kultivaci. Jedná se o metodu, která je běžně užívána a akreditována Českým institutem pro akreditaci. K pokusu byly užity buňky MG63 a bylo stanoveno procento buňkami kolonizované plochy povrchu. Hodnocení bylo provedeno na leštěných a anodizovaných površích vzorků z Ti6Al4V ELI. Výsledky byly navzájem porovnány. Výsledky: Byly připraveny vzorky s povrchem nanostrukturovaným pomocí anodické oxidace, přičemž struktura povrchu byla tvořena póry o velikostech v řádech desítek až stovek nanometrů. Výsledky pokusů ukázaly větší vůli buněk kolonizovat anodizovaný povrch. Neanodizovaný povrch byl kolonizován v 56,9 %, kdežto anodizovaný byl při stejných podmínkách kolonizován v 63,5 %. Všechny výběrové soubory byly gaussovsky distribuovány. Závěr: Anodickou oxidací byla připravena nanostrukturovaná oxidická vrstva na vzorcích z Ti6Al4V ELI. Cytokompatibilita vytvořené vrstvy byla porovnávána vůči neoxidovaným vzorkům. Bylo ukázáno, že buňky kolonizují větší plochu povrchu vzorku v případě oxidovaných vzorků.
Introduction, aim: The oxide layers on surface of titanium alloy are infl uencing corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. The compatibility between the bony tissue and titanium alloy is prevalently dependent on properties of a stable titanium dioxide layer. These layers can be prepared by various methods. The oxidation process (and its conditions) is resulting in diff erent types of oxide layer: diff erence in chemical composition, mechanical properties, inner structure etc. The deviation inside of the layers structure may infl uence the stability of the layer, its adhesion or biocompatibility. The anodic oxidation of titanium alloys in appropriate electrolyte (under certain conditions) can lead not only to creation of the oxide layer, but to creation of an oxide layer with structured surface. This kind of structure is usually characterized by pores in nanometer scale. The structured surface radically changes the interaction between the titanium alloys surface and cells; and thus influencing its behavior inside a body. The cell interaction with the structured surfaces is not properly described yet. This work aims for better understanding of such structured layers. Methods: The anodic oxidation was carried out on Ti6Al4V ELI polished samples. The oxidation process was realized in 1M H2SO4 electrolyte with the voltage 100 V and current density 50 mA/cm2. The thickness and surface morphology of the resulting oxide layer were evaluated and documented using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The changes of color and roughness of the surface after the oxidation were observed as well. The cytocompatibility of the materials surface is expressed by a surface area colonized by cells after the three days of cultivation. This method is standardly used and accredited by ČIA. The MG63 cells were used for the experiment and the percentage of colonized surface area was evaluated. The evaluation was done on polished and oxidized Ti6Al4V ELI samples and the results were compared. Result: The structure of samples prepared using the anodic oxidation consisted of pores with size ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers. The cytocompatibility testings showed that the cells colonized larger area on the oxidized samples. The cells covered 56.9% of the surface area of the polished samples, while 63.5% of the surface area of the anodized samples. Results of all samples exhibited Gaussian distribution. Conclusion: The anodic oxidation lead to a creation of nanostructured oxide layer on Ti6Al4V ELI samples. The cytocompatibility of this layer was compared to polished samples. It was shown that cells are colonizing the larger surface area on the oxidized samples.
- Klíčová slova
- oxidická vrstva, cytokompatibilita, MG63, anodická oxidace,
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály * MeSH
- buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- titan MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
We studied the surface properties and cytocompatibil-ity of a grafted biopolymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB). P3HB was exposed to an inert argon plasma dis-charge, then grafted by 1,1 '-biphenyl-4,4 '-dithiol (BFD) and finally grafted by golden nanoparticles (nanospheres and nanorods). The surface properties were studied using multiple methods – goniometry, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Cytocompatibility was determined in vitro by studying adhesion, prolifera-tion and viability of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the aorta of Rattus norvegicus. The cyto-compatibility was compared for pristine, modified P3HB and standard tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). Our re-sults show that surface morphology and wettability are affected by both plasma discharge and nanoparticles graft-ing. These changes suggest that the adhesion and prolifera-tion of VSMCs is enhanced more on the plasma modified and grafted substrate.
Five types of amide-amine Carbon Nano-Particles (CNPs) were prepared by functionalization of CNPs and characterized by several analytical methods. The successful grafting of amines on CNPs was verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), organic elemental analysis and electrokinetic analysis. The size and morphology of CNPs were determined from transmission electron microscopy. The surface area and porosity of CNPs were examined by adsorption and desorption isotherms. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to investigate thermal stability of CNPs. The amount of bonded amine depends on its dimensionality arrangement. Surface area and pore volumes of CNPs decrease several times after individual amino-compound grafting. Selected types of functionalized CNPs were grafted onto a plasma activated surface of HDPE. The successful grafting of CNPs on the polymer surface was verified by XPS. Wettability was determined by contact angle measurements. Surface morphology and roughness were studied by atomic force microscopy. A dramatic decrease of contact angle and surface morphology was observed on CNP grafted polymer surface. Cytocompatibility of modified surfaces was studied in vitro, by determination of adhesion, proliferation and viability of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Grafting of CNPs onto the polymer surface has a positive effect on the adhesion, proliferation and viability of VSMCs.
- MeSH
- aminy chemie MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myocyty hladké svaloviny cytologie účinky léků MeSH
- nanočástice škodlivé účinky chemie MeSH
- polyethylen chemie MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- smáčivost MeSH
- svaly hladké cévní cytologie MeSH
- uhlík chemie MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Degradable zinc-based alloys with an appropriate corrosion rate are promising materials for the preparation of temporary orthopaedic implants. Previously, we prepared and characterised a novel Zn1.5Mg alloy. This paper is focused on the characterisation of this alloy after a surface pre-treatment, which should mimic processes occurring in vivo. The samples of the Zn1.5Mg alloy were immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C for 14days in order to form a protective layer of corrosion products. Thereafter, these samples were used for the corrosion rate determination, an indirect in vitro cytotoxicity test, as well as for a direct contact test and were compared with the non-treated samples. The protective layer was characterized by SEM and its chemical composition was determined by EDS and XPS analysis. The corrosion rate was significantly decreased after the pre-incubation. The protective layer of corrosion products was rich in Ca and P. The pre-incubated samples exhibited increased cytocompatibility in the indirect test (metabolic activity of L929 cells was above 70%) and we also observed osteoblast-like cell growth directly on the samples during the contact tests. Thus, the pre-incubation in SBF leading to improved cytocompatibility could represent more appropriate model to in vivo testing.
- MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- hořčík * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- koroze MeSH
- myši MeSH
- osteoblasty cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- slitiny * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- tělesné tekutiny chemie MeSH
- testování materiálů * MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- vstřebatelné implantáty * MeSH
- zinek * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The cytocompatibility of cardiomyocytes derived from embryonic stem cells and neural progenitors, which were seeded on the surface of composite films made of graphene oxide (GO) and polypyrrole (PPy-GO) or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT-GO) are reported. The GO incorporated in the composite matrix contributes to the patterning of the composite surface, while the electrically conducting PPy and PEDOT serve as ion-to-electron transducers facilitating electrical stimulation/sensing. The films were fabricated by a simple one-step electropolymerization procedure on electrically conducting indium tin oxide (ITO) and graphene paper (GP) substrates. Factors affecting the cell behaviour, i.e. the surface topography, wettability, and electrical surface conductivity, were studied. The PPy-GO and PEDOT-GO prepared on ITO exhibited high surface conductivity, especially in the case of the ITO/PPy-GO composite. We found that for cardiomyocytes, the PPy-GO and PEDOT-GO composites counteracted the negative effect of the GP substrate that inhibited their growth. Both the PPy-GO and PEDOT-GO composites prepared on ITO and GP significantly decreased the cytocompatibility of neural progenitors. The presented results enhance the knowledge about the biological properties of electroactive materials, which are critical for tissue engineering, especially in context stimuli-responsive scaffolds.
- MeSH
- bicyklické sloučeniny heterocyklické chemie MeSH
- elektrická vodivost * MeSH
- elektrochemie * MeSH
- grafit farmakologie MeSH
- kardiomyocyty cytologie účinky léků MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nervové kmenové buňky cytologie účinky léků MeSH
- neurogeneze účinky léků MeSH
- polymery chemie farmakologie MeSH
- pyrroly chemie MeSH
- voda chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Suitable fluorophores are the core of fluorescence imaging. Among the most exciting, yet controversial, labels are quantum dots (QDs) with their unique optical and chemical properties, but also considerable toxicity. This hinders QDs applicability in living systems. Surface chemistry has a profound impact on biological behavior of QDs. This study describes a two-step synthesis of QDs formed by CdTe core doped with Schiff base ligand for lanthanides [Ln (Yb3+, Tb3+ and Gd3+)] as novel cytocompatible fluorophores. RESULTS: Microwave-assisted synthesis resulted in water-soluble nanocrystals with high colloidal and fluorescence stability with quantum yields of 40.9-58.0%. Despite induction of endocytosis and cytoplasm accumulation of Yb- and TbQDs, surface doping resulted in significant enhancement in cytocompatibility when compared to the un-doped CdTe QDs. Furthermore, only negligible antimigratory properties without triggering formation of reactive oxygen species were found, particularly for TbQDs. Ln-doped QDs did not cause observable hemolysis, adsorbed only a low degree of plasma proteins onto their surface and did not possess significant genotoxicity. To validate the applicability of Ln-doped QDs for in vitro visualization of receptor status of living cells, we performed a site-directed conjugation of antibodies towards immuno-labeling of clinically relevant target-human norepinephrine transporter (hNET), over-expressed in neuroendocrine tumors like neuroblastoma. Immuno-performance of modified TbQDs was successfully tested in distinct types of cells varying in hNET expression and also in neuroblastoma cells with hNET expression up-regulated by vorinostat. CONCLUSION: For the first time we show that Ln-doping of CdTe QDs can significantly alleviate their cytotoxic effects. The obtained results imply great potential of Ln-doped QDs as cytocompatible and stable fluorophores for various bio-labeling applications.
- MeSH
- analýza jednotlivých buněk metody MeSH
- fluorescenční barviva toxicita MeSH
- kvantové tečky toxicita MeSH
- lanthanoidy chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrovlny MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- optické zobrazování metody MeSH
- povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
- Schiffovy báze chemie MeSH
- sloučeniny kadmia toxicita MeSH
- telur toxicita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
One major challenge when developing new biomaterials is translating in vitro testing to in vivo models. We have recently shown that a single formulation of a bone tissue adhesive, phosphoserine modified cement (PMC), is safe and resorbable in vivo. Herein, we screened many new adhesive formulations, for cytocompatibility and bioactive ion release, with three cell lines: MDPC23 odontoblasts, MC3T3 preosteoblasts, and L929 fibroblasts. Most formulations were cytocompatible by indirect contact testing (ISO 10993-12). Formulations with larger amounts of phosphoserine (>50%) had delayed setting times, greater ion release, and cytotoxicity in vitro. The trends in ion release from the adhesive that were cured for 24 h (standard for in vitro) were similar to release from the adhesives cured only for 5-10 min (standard for in vivo), suggesting that we may be able to predict the material behavior in vivo, using in vitro methods. Adhesives containing calcium phosphate and silicate were both cytocompatible for seven days in direct contact with cell monolayers, and ion release increased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in odontoblasts, but not pre-osteoblasts. This is the first study evaluating how PMC formulation affects osteogenic cell differentiation (ALP), cytocompatibility, and ion release, using in situ curing conditions similar to conditions in vivo.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní potahované materiály * chemie MeSH
- gingiva MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osteointegrace MeSH
- povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
- protézy a implantáty MeSH
- slitiny chemie MeSH
- sloučeniny boru chemie MeSH
- testování materiálů MeSH
- titan chemie MeSH
- zirkonium chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The study investigates the potential for producing medical components via Selective Laser Melting technology (SLM). The material tested consisted of the biocompatible titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. The research involved the testing of laboratory specimens produced using SLM technology both in vitro and for surface roughness. The aim of the research was to clarify whether SLM technology affects the cytocompatibility of implants and, thus, whether SLM implants provide suitable candidates for medical use following zero or minimum post-fabrication treatment. Areas covered: The specimens were tested with an osteoblast cell line and, subsequently, two post-treatment processes were compared: non-treated (as-fabricated) and glass-blasted. Interactions with MG-63 cells were evaluated by means of metabolic MTT assay and microscope techniques (scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy). Surface roughness was observed on both the non-treated and glass-blasted SLM specimens. Expert Commentary: The research concluded that the glass-blasting of SLM Ti6Al4V significantly reduces surface roughness. The arithmetic mean roughness Ra was calculated at 3.4 µm for the glass-blasted and 13.3 µm for the non-treated surfaces. However, the results of in vitro testing revealed that the non-treated surface was better suited to cell growth.
- MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- lasery * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osteoblasty cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
- testování materiálů * MeSH
- titan farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
