In this retrospective study on 67 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), after tumor resection, we evaluated the significance of CD3+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes and CD20+ B-lymphocytes in tumor and non-tumor liver for time to recurrence (TTR), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival. After immunohistochemical staining, the density of nucleated lymphocyte profiles (QA) was estimated stereologically in the tumor center (TC), inner margin (inn M), outer margin (out M), peritumor and non-tumor liver. In TC, intermediate and high QA of CD8+ cells predicted longer TTR, whereas CD3+ and CD20+ were predictive only at high QA. DFS was predicted by high QA of CD3+, CD8+ and CD20+ cells in TC. The inn M harbored smaller QA of CD3+, CD8+ and CD20+ lymphocytes than out M. In contrast to out M, high T-cells' QA and intermediate and high B-cell QA in inn M predicted longer TTR and DFS. High inn M/out M QA ratios of CD3+ and CD20+ cells were associated with longer TTR and DFS, whereas high inn M/out M QA ratio of CD8+ was predictive only for DFS. Patients with intermediate-high QA of combined CD8+ and CD20+ cells in inn M showed longer TTR and DFS, compared to CD8+-high or CD20+-high alone. Our findings highlight overall heterogeneity of the tumor invasive margin, the importance of inn M, and the predictive role of B-cells.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: While positive resection margin (RM) in women undergoing breast-conserving surgery (BCS) represents a clear indication for re-resection, there is no unequivocal recommendation regarding the extent of the clear RM. The aim of this study was to define the optimal extent of the RM and the risk factors for close or positive RM. METHODS: Patients scheduled for BCS had diagnosis confirmed before BCS (lumpectomy and quadrantectomy) by core biopsy. Sentinel lymph node biopsy followed BCS, and in case of positive findings axillary lymph node dissection followed. According to RM patients were categorized into 4 groups: 1) Patients with positive RM; 2) Clear RM < 2 mm; 3) Clear RM of 2-5 mm; and 4) RM > 5 mm. In the first 3 groups where re-resection was indicated, the presence of tumor cells in the re-resection specimen was determined. All patients were followed for local recurrence. RESULTS: 330 patients undergoing BCS were studied. Median follow up was 39.6 months (range 12-70). Lumpectomy was performed in 111 cases and quadrantectomy in 219. In 19 cases the final procedure was mastectomy due to the impossibility to achieve negative RM. In 78 cases re-resection followed the primary procedure due to close or positive RM. Clear RM was < 2 mm in 12 cases (15%), 2-5 mm in 56 (72%) and positive margin in 10 (13%). Positive re-resection specimen was detected in 31 cases (39.7%) (in 10 cases with positive RM after primary procedure, in 3 with negative margin < 2 mm and in 18 with 2-5 mm margin). The re-resection rate according to the location of the primary tumor was 77% (n=60) in the upper outer quadrant, 8% (n=6) in the lower outer quadrant, 6% (n=5) in the upper inner quadrant, 4% (n=3) in the lower inner quadrant, and 5% (n=4) in centrally located tumors. Multicentric/ multifocal tumor was diagnosed in 16 cases from which re-resection was indicated in 12 cases (75%). The number of re-resection according to tumor size was as follows: Tis 8 cases (30.7%), T1a none, T1b 14 (20.2%), T1c 34 (22.5%), T2 22 (28%). Re-resection was performed in 8 cases (31%) of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), in 53 (22%) of ductal carcinoma, in 10 (37%) of lobular carcinoma, and in 7 (15%) of other histology. Five cases with local relapse were detected during follow up. CONCLUSION: The generally recommended clear RM of 1-5 mm is not sufficient because of the high number of positive specimens in the case of clear RM of 2-5 mm. The risk factors for close or positive RM are multicentric tumors and upper outer location of the primary tumor. Longer follow up will be needed to analyze local relapse rate according to RM status.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory prsu patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• segmentální mastektomie metody   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

When crystal meth hit the streets of Winnipeg in 2006, Resource Assistance for Youth (RaY) began offering the city‘s only crystal meth recovery group in the province. Complementing RaY‘s other wrap-around services, such as clothing and food banks, housing, advocacy, employment and emergency services, this unique blend of holistic support has helped some of Canada‘s most street-entrenched youth transition into healthy living. Participants in this workshop will experience an in-depth look at how a growing street-level agency has achieved remarkable success, and a high level of trust among youth. RaY‘s addictions recovery program, facilitated by a formerly street-entrenched, 10-years clean addictions counselor, includes thrice-weekly inhouse meetings, 24-hour sponsorship support, a highly visible clean-time chart and treatment support including tags, journals, snacks, cigarettes and coffee dates. A harm-reduction approach permeates the program; anyone can attend, and can attend under the influence. RaY also assists the recovering addict with exit planning and housing options, employment, education, recreation, life-mapping and social activities. RaY works with an established network of residential treatment providers that will assist RaY staff to fast-track addicts into treatment. This workshop will also explore the barriers to service in a Canadian context when on the road to crystal meth recovery. Kelly Holmes, B.A., Executive Director, Resource Assistance for Youth (RaY), Winnipeg, Canada, has spent the past 25 years working tirelessly with marginalized communities in the inner-city of Winnipeg and within Aboriginal communities of northern Manitoba. She has coordinated Winnipeg‘s 24-Hours of Homelessness and Hard Night Out community events, raising considerable media awareness about the realities of life on the street. She continues to find ways to connect with youth to better their lives – on their terms. www.rayinc.ca Dr. Lindy Lee, MD, FRCP (C), Medical Manager, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada, is the Methadone Provider at the Methadone Clinic at the Addictions Foundation of Manitoba. She has front-line knowledge of the barriers to fully address the services needed for the recovering methadone addict.

• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH

Introduction: The type of the preparation junction is determined by a number of factors that need to be taken in consideration with CAD/CAM Fixed Prosthodontics: the material of which the construction will be made; the type and condition of the retainer teeth, of their periodontium and the occlusion; the design software, the CAM setting and the type of drills; the working protocol; the type of the cement and the method of cementation. Purpose: The aim of this publication is to describe the optimal preparation junctions for all-ceramic crown and bridge restorations made by CAM 5 - S 2 Impression, VHF. Materials and methods: Suitable are chamfer and shoulder preparation junction with rounded inner angle (width 1 - 1, 5 mm). Trimming of 1.5 – 2 mm dental tissues is necessary on the occlusal surface. The homothetic reduction of teeth is optimal. Results and discussion: The width depends on the size and vitality of the tooth. In stained teeth and those built with metal pins the removal of more tissues provides a greater volume needed to disguise the dark color. Vestibular preparation under the level of the gingiva is preferable to ensure optimal aesthetics. Preparation junction is determined also by the CAD/CAM technology - the type of drills and protocol of impression taking (classical or digital). The creation of a working model with TRIOS, 3Shape intraoral scanner is greatly facilitated by preparation junctions made above the gingival margin. Conclusion: Knowledge about the criteria for selection the preparation junctions is essential for fabrication accurate and aesthetic CAD/CAM restorations.

• MeSH
• design s pomocí počítače * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zubní korunky MeSH
• zubní marginální adaptace MeSH
• zubní modely * MeSH
• zubní náhrady částečné MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Táto štúdia uvádza výsledky otoneurochirurgickej liečby tumorov pontocerebelárnehouhla - 30 prípadov neurinómu n. VIII, dva prípady meningeómu a jeden prípad arachnoidálnej cysty.Operácie sa vykonali translabyrintným operačným prístupom. Analyzuje sa zachovanie nervusfacialis a jeho pooperačná funkcia, komplikácie a vestibulová kompenzácia. Dľžka hospitalizácieu väčšiny pacientov bola 15 dní. Zdôrazňujú sa výhody translabyrintného operačného prístupuvzhľadom na rýchly vývoj vestibulovej kompenzácie a celkovú rekonvalescenciu.

The authors present the results of otoneurosurgical treatment of tumours of the pontocerebellar angle - 30 cases of neurinoma of the VIIIth nerve, two cases of meningioma and one case of an arachnoid cyst. The operations were implemented by a translabyrinthine approach. The authors analyze the preservation of the facial nerve and its postoperative function, complications and vestibular compensation. They recorded anatomical preservation of the facial nerve in 97%, postoperative meningitis and liquorrhoea in 2.1%. The hospitalization period was 15 days in the majority of patients. The authors emphasize the advantage of the translabyrinthine approach with regard to the rapid development of vestibular compensation and general convalescence.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mostomozečkový úhel chirurgie   MeSH
• nádory kraniálních nervů chirurgie   MeSH
• nervus facialis chirurgie   MeSH
• neurochirurgické výkony statistika a číselné údaje   trendy   MeSH
• otologické chirurgické výkony statistika a číselné údaje   trendy   MeSH
• vnitřní ucho chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The genus Diapus Chapuis was erected (Chapuis 1865) for four species of pinhole borer (Curculionidae: Platypodinae) from the Oriental region and New Guinea. It was distinguished from other platypodine genera primarily by the widely separated procoxae (Chapuis 1865). Hopkins (1914) designated Diapus quadrispinatus Chapuis, 1865 as the type species of the genus. The genus is currently placed in the platypodine tribe Tesserocerini, subtribe Diapodina (Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 2009). Only two genera are included in the Diapodina, Diapus and Genyocerus Motschulsky (Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 2009, Jordal 2015). Diapus is distinguished from Genyocerus by the following characters (Wood 1993, Beaver & Liu 2007): 1. In Diapus, the scutellum is narrower and more sunken, not flush with the elytral surface posteriorly as it is in Genyocerus. 2. The mycangial pores of Diapus are sometimes fused to form a transverse or crescentic bar on each side of the midline of the pronotum. This does not occur in Genyocerus. 3. The antennal club of Diapus sometimes has a median testaceous strip lacking sensillae on the anterior face. This strip is never present in Genyocerus. 4. The males of Diapus never possess a membranous extension of the apical margin of the fourth abdominal ventrite, present in some species of Genyocerus. 5. The females of Diapus often bear deciduous mandibular appendages, which are never present in Genyocerus (Beaver & Liu 2007).

• MeSH
• anatomické struktury zvířat anatomie a histologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• nosatcovití anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• rozšíření zvířat MeSH
• velikost orgánu MeSH
• velikost těla MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH
• Thajsko MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• chirurgická labyrintektomie,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Menierova nemoc chirurgie   MeSH
• otologické chirurgické výkony * metody   MeSH
• otorea mozkomíšního moku diagnóza   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace * MeSH
• poranění nervus facialis prevence a kontrola   rehabilitace   terapie   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• vertigo chirurgie   MeSH
• vnitřní ucho * chirurgie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Like all production areas the production of dental replacements, either prosthetic or aesthetic, has recently undergone great advancement due to computer-aided design of dental parts and their computer aided manufacturing. CNC milling, which belongs to the group of subtractive production methods, is very well established in dental production. For the last several years, methods of additive manufacturing, such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS), have gone mainstream. In general, both additive and subtractive methods have their technological pros and cons; therefore, the aim of this paper is to determine how accurate in terms of tolerance of production of ± 50 μm both technologies are and afterwards to determine which of the technologies is more accurate. Given that nowadays the most commonly used material in the dental area is cobaltchromium (Co-Cr) alloy, this alloy was chosen for the experiment. Thirty Co-Cr dental crowns were manufactured for analysis according to the referential CAD model, 15 by CNC milling and 15 by SLM. The crowns were subsequently scanned using a dental 3D scanner, and their inner areas were extracted and compared to the nominal CAD model. The percentage agreement of production is on the level of approximately 94% with both devices, and the average value of agreement as well as the standard deviation and range variation are better with additive production.

• MeSH
• dentální technologie MeSH
• design s pomocí počítače MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• návrh zubní protézy MeSH
• zubní korunky - technika post and core MeSH
• zubní korunky * MeSH
• zubní marginální adaptace MeSH
• zubní náhrady částečné fixní * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

BACKGROUND/AIMS: There are a limited number of appropriate cadaver liver donors. One possible solution is the use of marginal liver grafts from cadaver donors for liver transplantation. METHODOLOGY: Rats with liver steatosis were divided into four containing seven animals each: I-a: steatotic liver grafts; +S-adenosylmethionine; I-b: steatotic liver grafts were transplanted; no S-adenosylmethionine; II-a: normal liver grafts, +S-adenosylmethionine; II-b: normal liver grafts. Blood samples were taken at days -1, 3 and 14. RESULTS: ALT values at day 14: 1.75 ± 1.10µkat/L (in group I-a), 1.91 ± 1.41µkat/L (in group I-b), 2.13±1.85µkat/L (in group II-a) and 2.08 ± 1.35µkat/L (in group II-b). There were no significant differences between these values. GSH values at day 14 post-transplantation were: 44.90 ± 8.61µM/mg (in group I-a), 43.82±8.58µM/mg (in group I-b), 41.65 ± 4.87µM/mg (in group II-a) and 42.71 ± 4.17µM/mg (in control group II-b). CONCLUSIONS: Our study did not demonstrate the positive effect of S-adenosylmethionine on ischaemia-reperfusion injury during liver transplantation in rats.

• MeSH
• alanintransaminasa krev   MeSH
• aspartátaminotransferasy krev   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• glutathion krev   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• methionin nedostatek   MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• nedostatek cholinu komplikace   MeSH
• potkani inbrední LEW MeSH
• reperfuzní poškození krev   etiologie   patologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• S-adenosylmethionin farmakologie   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• transplantace jater škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• ztučnělá játra komplikace   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) plays an important role in cell death. The MPT is triggered by calcium and promoted by oxidative stress, which is often catalyzed by iron. We investigated the induction of the MPT by physiological concentrations of iron. Isolated rat liver mitochondria were initially stabilized with EDTA and bovine serum albumin and energized by succinate or malate/pyruvate. The MPT was induced by 20μM calcium or ferrous chloride. We measured mitochondrial swelling, the inner membrane potential, NAD(P)H oxidation, iron and calcium in the recording medium. Iron effectively triggered the MPT; this effect differed from non-specific oxidative damage and required some residual EDTA in the recording medium. Evidence in the literature suggested two mechanisms of action for the iron: NAD(P)H oxidation due to loading of the mitochondrial antioxidant defense systems and uptake of iron to the mitochondrial matrix via a calcium uniporter. Both of these events occurred in our experiments but were only marginally involved in the MPT induced by iron. The primary mechanism observed in our experiments was the displacement of adventitious/endogenous calcium from the residual EDTA by iron. Although artificially created, this interplay between iron and calcium can well reflect conditions in vivo and could be considered as an important mechanism of iron toxicity in the cells.

• MeSH
• karbonylkyanid-p-trifluormethoxyfenylhydrazon farmakologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• NAD metabolismus   MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• transportní proteiny mitochondriální membrány fyziologie   MeSH
• vápník metabolismus   MeSH
• železo farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH