The annual cycle of migrating birds is shaped by their seasonal movements between breeding and non-breeding sites. Studying how migratory populations are linked throughout the annual cycle-migratory connectivity, is crucial to understanding the population dynamics of migrating bird species. This requires the consideration not only of spatial scales as has been the main focus to date but also of temporal scales: only when both aspects are taken into account, the degree of migratory connectivity can be properly defined. We investigated the migration behaviour of hoopoes (Upupa epops) from four breeding populations across Europe and characterised migration routes to and from the breeding grounds, location of non-breeding sites and the timing of key migration events. Migration behaviour was found to vary both within and amongst populations, and even though the spatial migratory connectivity amongst the populations was weak, temporal connectivity was strong with differences in timing amongst populations, but consistent timing within populations. The combination of diverse migration routes within populations and co-occurrence on the non-breeding grounds between populations might promote exchange between breeding populations. As a result, it might make hoopoes and other migrating bird species with similar strategies more resilient to future habitat or climatic changes and stabilise population trends.

• MeSH
• migrace zvířat fyziologie   MeSH
• populační dynamika MeSH
• ptáci fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Rostrálna migračná dráha (RMS) je štruktúra, ktorou neuronálne prekurzory pochádzajúce zo subventrikulárnej zóny, hlavnej neurogénnej oblasti dospelého mozgu, migrujú do miesta svojej konečnej diferenciácie, do čuchovej cibuľky. Prekurzorové bunky spolu s astrocytmi sa často považujú za jediné bunkové komponenty tejto oblasti. V našej predchádzajúcej štúdii sme však zistili, že v RMS sa nachádza taktiež populácia neurónov vykazujúcich morfologické charakteristiky zrelých neurónov, ktoré syntetizujú oxid dusnatý (NO). Cieľom nášho experimentu bolo zistiť, či NO produkujúce neuróny v RMS tvoria synaptické spojenia. Na tieto účely sme použili dvojité imunohistochemické značenie pre neuronálnu formu syntázy oxidu dusnatého (nNOS) a synaptofyzín, glykoproteín membrán synaptických vezikúl. Synaptické vezikuly boli kolokalizované s nNOS pozitívnymi neurónmi. Naše výsledky priniesli morfologický dôkaz o existencii sysnaptických spojení zrelých neurónov RMS.

The rostral migratory stream (RMS) is a structure by which neuronal precursors originating from the subventricular zone, the main neurogenic region of the adult brain, migrate into the place of their terminal differentiation, the olfactory bulb. Precursor cells together with astrocytes are often considered as exclusive cell components of the RMS. However, in our previous study, we have found that the RMS har- bors also a small population of neurons with adult morphology, which produce nitrix oxide (NO). The aim of present experiment was to demon- strate, if NO producing neurons in the RMS form synaptic connections. For that purpose, we used double immunohistochemistry for neuronal isoform of the nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and synaptophysin, a sy- naptic vesicle glycoprotein. We have observed synaptophysin positivity in the close proximity of NO producing neurons. Our results brought immunohistochemical evidence about syna ptic connections of adult neurons in the RMS.

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

As species recover from exploitation, continued assessments of connectivity and population structure are warranted to provide information for conservation and management. This is particularly true in species with high dispersal capacity, such as migratory whales, where patterns of connectivity could change rapidly. Here we build on a previous long-term, large-scale collaboration on southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) to combine new (nnew) and published (npub) mitochondrial (mtDNA) and microsatellite genetic data from all major wintering grounds and, uniquely, the South Georgia (Islas Georgias del Sur: SG) feeding grounds. Specifically, we include data from Argentina (npub mtDNA/microsatellite = 208/46), Brazil (nnew mtDNA/microsatellite = 50/50), South Africa (nnew mtDNA/microsatellite = 66/77, npub mtDNA/microsatellite = 350/47), Chile-Peru (nnew mtDNA/microsatellite = 1/1), the Indo-Pacific (npub mtDNA/microsatellite = 769/126), and SG (npub mtDNA/microsatellite = 8/0, nnew mtDNA/microsatellite = 3/11) to investigate the position of previously unstudied habitats in the migratory network: Brazil, SG, and Chile-Peru. These new genetic data show connectivity between Brazil and Argentina, exemplified by weak genetic differentiation and the movement of 1 genetically identified individual between the South American grounds. The single sample from Chile-Peru had an mtDNA haplotype previously only observed in the Indo-Pacific and had a nuclear genotype that appeared admixed between the Indo-Pacific and South Atlantic, based on genetic clustering and assignment algorithms. The SG samples were clearly South Atlantic and were more similar to the South American than the South African wintering grounds. This study highlights how international collaborations are critical to provide context for emerging or recovering regions, like the SG feeding ground, as well as those that remain critically endangered, such as Chile-Peru.

• MeSH
• genetická variace * MeSH
• genotypizační techniky MeSH
• migrace zvířat MeSH
• ostrovy MeSH
• rozšíření zvířat MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
• velryby genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Brazílie MeSH
• Chile MeSH
• ostrovy MeSH
• Peru MeSH

We studied the relationship of connective tissue state with magnesium and hydroxyproline levels in blood and urine of young women with primary dysmenorrhea. Study showed that in girls with dysmenorrhea and phenomena of connective tissue dysplasia hydroxyproline level in urine was increased which was associated with increased degradation of collagen and decreased level of magnesium in blood serum. This should be noted in differentiated approach to the treatment of dysmenorrhea.

• MeSH
• biochemická analýza krve MeSH
• bolest etiologie   MeSH
• dysmenorea * etiologie   MeSH
• hořčík * fyziologie   MeSH
• hydroxyprolin * fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• moč MeSH
• nemoci pojiva MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• bolest MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• motorické neurony MeSH
• muskuloskeletální systém patofyziologie   MeSH
• práce MeSH
• teoretické modely MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• amniocentéza MeSH
• bolest MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• druhý trimestr těhotenství MeSH
• emoce MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• úzkost MeSH
• vzdělávání pacientů jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

• MeSH
• bolest etiologie   MeSH
• fyziologický stres MeSH
• kolagen MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• management bolesti MeSH
• muskuloskeletální systém zranění   MeSH
• nemoci svalů etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• osteofytóza páteře MeSH
• periferní nervy patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• bolest MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• kreatinkinasa krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sporty MeSH
• svaly patofyziologie   zranění   MeSH
• tělesná výchova MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• bolest farmakoterapie   MeSH
• nemoci pojiva farmakoterapie   MeSH
• revmatické nemoci farmakoterapie   MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• farmacie a farmakologie
• revmatologie