Multivariate FS
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Our goal was to identify highly accurate empirical models for the prediction of the risk of febrile seizure (FS) and FS recurrence. In a prospective, three-arm, case-control study, we enrolled 162 children (age 25.8 ± 17.1 months old, 71 females). Participants formed one case group (patients with FS) and two control groups (febrile patients without seizures and healthy controls). The impact of blood iron status, peak body temperature, and participants' demographics on FS risk and recurrence was investigated with univariate and multivariate statistics. Serum iron concentration, iron saturation, and unsaturated iron-binding capacity differed between the three investigated groups (pFWE < 0.05). These serum analytes were key variables in the design of novel multivariate linear mixture models. The models classified FS risk with higher accuracy than univariate approaches. The designed bi-linear classifier achieved a sensitivity/specificity of 82%/89% and was closest to the gold-standard classifier. A multivariate model assessing FS recurrence provided a difference (pFWE < 0.05) with a separating sensitivity/specificity of 72%/69%. Iron deficiency, height percentile, and age were significant FS risk factors. In addition, height percentile and hemoglobin concentration were linked to FS recurrence. Novel multivariate models utilizing blood iron status and demographic variables predicted FS risk and recurrence among infants and young children with fever.
- MeSH
- deficit železa * MeSH
- febrilní křeče * diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- horečka komplikace MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- železo MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Úvod: Bylo prokázáno, že chirurgické ablační procedury zajišťují účinnou léčbu fibrilace síní (FS), ovšem stále chybějí přesvědčivé důkazy o spojitosti mezi klinickými proměnnými, chirurgickou technikou a střednědobými až dlouhodobými výsledky. Provedli jsme tedy v našem centru retrospektivní databázovou studii s cílem identifikovat prediktory udržení sinusového rytmu (SR) po 12 měsících od zákroku, a to s přihlédnutím ke standardní lékařské péči poskytované praktickými lékaři a/nebo ambulantními kardiology ve vztahu k této nově zavedené metodě. Metody: Byly shromážděny údaje o 376 konsekutivních pacientech, kteří v rozmezí od července 2006 do prosince 2010 podstoupili operaci srdce zahrnující chirurgickou ablaci levé síně (LS) pro FS. Primárním sledovaným ukazatelem bylo udržení SR po 12 měsících. K identifikaci prediktorů dosažení primárního sledovaného ukazatele byla použita kroková zpětná víceproměnná logistická regresní analýza. Výsledky: U 210 pacientů byla provedena radiofrekvenční (RF) ablace a 166 pacientů podstoupilo kryoablaci. Údaje z kontroly po 12 měsících byly k dispozici u 273 osob. Úspěšnost udržení sinového rytmu po jednom roce od zákroku činila 48,9 % (63,1 % u kryoablace a 37,8 % u RF [p < 0,0001]). Během 12 měsíců sledování nebyla u žádného pacienta ablace opakována. Spojitost s primárním sledovaným ukazatelem byla prokázána u paroxysmální FS, u operace mitrální chlopně a u menšího průměru LS; kryoablace zajišťovala lepší výsledky než RF ablace. Četnost předepisování amiodaronu/propafenonu u pacientů, u nichž byl po 12 měsících doložen sinusový rytmus, ovšem dosáhla hodnoty 36,0 %. Závěry: Pomocí víceproměnné analýzy retrospektivních dat jsme identifikovali klinické proměnné a technické aspekty spojené s lepšími výsledky chirurgické ablace FS.
Introduction: Surgical ablation procedures have been shown to be effective in treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), but convincing evidence showing relationship between clinical confounders, surgical technique and intermediate-to-long term outcomes is still lacking. Therefore we conducted a retrospective single-centre database study to identify predictors of sinus rhythm (SR) maintenance at 12 months after surgery with insights into standard medical care provided by general practitioners and/or outpatient cardiologists in the setting of a newly introduced method. Methods: Data from consecutive 376 patients, who underwent heart surgery which included surgical left atrial (LA) ablation for AF between July 2006 and December 2010, were collected. Primary outcome was maintenance of SR at 12 months. A stepwise backward multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of the primary outcome. Results: RF ablation was performed in 210 patients and 166 patients underwent cryoablation. In 273 subjects the 12-month follow-up data were available. The success rate in maintaining the sinus rhythm 1 year after surgery was 48.9% (63.1% for cryoablation, and 37.8% for RF [p < 0.0001]). None of the patients underwent repeated ablation procedure within the 12-month follow-up period. Paroxysmal AF, mitral valve surgery, and smaller LA diameter were associated with the primary endpoint; cryoablation was superior to RF ablation. Nevertheless, prescription rate of amiodarone/propafenone in patients with documented sinus rhythm at 12-month follow-up was 36.0%. Conclusions: Using multivariate analysis of retrospective data we identified clinical confounders and technical aspects associated with better outcomes after surgical ablation for AF.
- MeSH
- antiarytmika terapeutické užití MeSH
- fibrilace síní * chirurgie MeSH
- kardiochirurgické výkony metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- katetrizační ablace * metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- kryochirurgie * metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční frekvence fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is a multifaceted field involving many factors. The aim of our study was to assess whether implant therapy improves OHRQoL in dental patients. METHODS: Patients receiving at least one implant completed a health-related questionnaire before and after the implantation (minimum 1.5 months). Questions covered the functional and aesthetic scales (AS). Paired differences in individual scores were analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. A univariate analysis of covariance was used to relate overall and scale-specific average paired differences to age, gender, marital and educational status. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to assess interactions between the covariates and different scales of outcome. All tests were performed at statistical significance level α = 0.05. RESULTS: All twelve Wilcoxon tests supported an improvement in OHRQoL after implant placement. On the AS, the mean difference in OHRQoL scores was found to be associated with marital status, presence of aesthetic reasons for undergoing the surgery and number of front teeth replaced by implants. On the functional scale (FS), most significant associations were observed with the number of front teeth replaced via implantation, followed by the presence of chewing problems and marital status. The multivariate analysis helped to identify the covariates that varied significantly over the two scales of interest. CONCLUSIONS: Effects of covariates responding significantly differently on different scales should not be summarized using an overall univariate analysis, using paired score differences averaged over all items. Such effect summary would be misleading. In the present study, significant implant-related improvements in OHRQoL were observed on both the aesthetic and FS in patients with at least one implant in the front dental area.
- MeSH
- analýza rozptylu MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- manželský stav MeSH
- neparametrická statistika MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- stupeň vzdělání MeSH
- zubní implantáty MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Airway management is a critical component of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation. The primary aim of this study was to describe pre-hospital airway management in adult patients post-OHCA. Secondary aims were to investigate whether tracheal intubation (TI) versus use of supraglottic airway device (SGA) was associated with patients' outcomes, including ventilator-free days within 26 days of randomization, 6 months neurological outcome and mortality. METHODS: Secondary analysis of the Target Temperature Management-2 (TTM2) trial conducted in 13 countries, including adult patients with OHCA and return of spontaneous circulation, with data available on pre-hospital airway management. A multivariate logistic regression model with backward stepwise selection was employed to assess whether TI versus SGA was associated with outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 1900 TTM2 trial patients, 1702 patients (89.5%) were included, with a mean age of 64 years (Standard Deviation, SD = 13.53); 79.1% were males. Pre-hospital airway management was SGA in 484 (28.4%), and TI in 1218 (71.6%) patients. At hospital admission, 87.8% of patients with SGA and 98.5% with TI were mechanically ventilated (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, TI in comparison with SGA was not independently associated with an increase in ventilator-free days within 26 days of randomization, improved neurological outcomes, or decreased mortality. The hazard ratio for mortality with TI vs. SGA was 1.06, 95%Confidence Interval (CI) 0.88-1.28, p = 0.54. CONCLUSIONS: In the multicentre randomized TTM2-trial including patients with OHCA, most patients received prehospital endotracheal intubation to manage their airway. The choice of pre-hospital airway device was not independently associated with patient clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02908308.
- MeSH
- intratracheální intubace * metody MeSH
- kardiopulmonální resuscitace * metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- terapeutická hypotermie metody MeSH
- urgentní zdravotnické služby * metody MeSH
- zajištění dýchacích cest * metody MeSH
- zástava srdce mimo nemocnici * terapie mortalita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a cutaneous sarcoma with an infiltrative growth pattern that makes it challenging to clear margins. High quality data regarding DFSP natural history, management, and outcomes are limited. METHODS: Data were retrospectively collected for adult DFSP patients who underwent resection at 10 institutions in eight countries. Demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Analysis included 347 patients consisting of young (median, 42 years), White (76.2%), males (54.2%) with truncal lesions (57.3%). The majority (76.8%) were symptomatic at presentation. Preoperative imaging was used in 55.9% of cases. Diagnosis was established with excisional biopsy in 50.9% versus incisional biopsy in 25.0% of cases. Despite planned margins of >1.0 cm in 67.4% of cases, only 69.0% of patients achieved R0 resection. Twenty-two percent of patients underwent at least one re-excision. R0 resection was achieved at a second procedure in 80.2% and a third procedure in 86.2%. Ultimately, R0 resection was feasible in 89.5% of all patients. Fibrosarcomatous transformation (FST) was observed in 12.6%. In total, 6.6% (N = 23) recurred (17 local, six distant). Of the six distant recurrences, 50.0% had FST. With a median follow-up of 47.0 months, disease-specific survival rate was 98.8%. In multivariable analysis, R0 margins at index resection were associated with wider circumferential margins and non-FST histology. CONCLUSIONS: In this international, multicenter collaborative, DFSP practice patterns were heterogeneous but achieved favorable recurrence rates and survival. Multiple excisions to clear margins remain commonplace and can inform future efforts to optimize margin selection.
- MeSH
- dermatofibrosarkom * patologie chirurgie terapie mortalita MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- internacionalita * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru patologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nádory kůže * patologie chirurgie mortalita terapie MeSH
- resekční okraje MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
Úvod: Chirurgická ablace je zavedenou metodou léčby fibrilace síní (FS) u pacientů s indikací k jinému kardiochirurgickému výkonu. V jednotlivých centrech se však využívají různé postupy a strategie ablace a souhrnná národní data o chirurgické léčbě FS nebyla v poslední době publikována. Cílem práce bylo přinést souhrnné údaje o aktuálních trendech konkomitantní léčby i samostatných výkonů pro FS v České republice. Metodika: Zdrojem dat byly údaje z Národního kardiochirurgického registru a ze speciálního dotazníku, vytvořeného přímo pro účely této analýzy. Analyzovány byly trendy četnosti provádění konkomitantní ablace u kardiochirurgických pacientů s FS, provádění ablace u různých typů výkonů a analýza faktorů, které vedou chirurgy k neprovedení konkomitantní ablace při kardiochirurgickém výkonu. Shromážděna a analyzována byla také data o samostatných výkonech pro izolovanou formu FS. Sledovaným obdobím byly roky 2010–2015. Výsledky: V celém souboru pacientů byla konkomitantní ablace FS provedena u 54 % pacientů s anamnézou fibrilace síní. Toto procento lehce klesalo během sledovaného období z 59 % v roce 2010 na 51 % v roce 2015. Konkomitantní ablace byla prováděna nejčastěji u pacientů podstupujících operaci mitrální chlopně (71 %) a nejméně často u samostatné chirurgické revaskularizace myokardu (40 %). V mnohorozměrné analýze byly jako nejsilnější nezávislé prediktory neprovedení konkomitantní chirurgické ablace FS identifikovány věk, anamnéza infarktu myokardu, reoperace, renální selhání, těžká systolická dysfunkce levé komory (s ejekční frakcí ≤ 30 %) a předoperační hemodynamická nestabilita. Samostatné chirurgické výkony pro izolovanou FS byly během sledovaného období prováděny v 9 (75 %) centrech v ČR, celkem bylo provedeno 132 takovýchto výkonů; ve většině center byly tyto výkony opuštěny, přičemž některá centra přešla na strategii hybridních ablací FS. Hybridní ablace byly v roce 2016 prováděny již v pěti centrech, celkový počet procedur byl 144 do konce roku 2015. Závěr: Prevalence konkomitantních chirurgických zákroků pro FS v ČR lehce klesá a u téměř poloviny kardiochirurgických pacientů byla FS během výkonu ponechána bez chirurgické léčby. Samostatné chirurgické výkony pro izolovanou FS byly v ČR téměř opuštěny, přičemž je pozorováno postupné rozšiřování hybridní léčby.
Introduction: Surgical ablation is an established treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) in certain patients indicated for cardiac surgery. However, several strategies and approaches exist at different centers and no recent reports exist about current trends in AF treatment in the Czech Republic. We examined the national trends of concomitant and stand-alone surgical ablation of AF. Methods: Data from the National Register of Cardiac Surgery and from a special questionnaire created especially for this analysis, were used for evaluation of trends in the rate of concomitant surgical ablations in AF patients, rates of different concomitant procedures, and to analyse those factors that surgeons routinely used to reject AF treatment during cardiac surgery. Data about stand-alone AF surgery were also gathered and analyzed. The study period lasted from 2010–2015. Results: Overall, 54% of cardiac surgery patients with history of AF received a concomitant surgical ablation procedure; this percentage declined slightly over the study period from 59% in 2010 to 51% in 2015. Concomitant ablation was most often performed on mitral valve patients (71%) and least often during isolated coronary revascularization (40%). In a multivariant analysis, age, history of myocardial infarction, history of cardiac surgery, renal failure, severe systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle (i.e., ejection fraction ≤30%), and preoperative hemodynamic instability were identified as strongest independent factors that causes surgeons to reject AF treatment during an non-AF cardiac surgery. Stand-alone AF surgery was performed in 9 (75%) Czech centers during the study period with a total of 132 procedures; this method has been abandoned by most centers, while several have switched to a hybrid ablation (HA) strategy. Hybrid ablation programs were ongoing in 5 centers in 2016, the overall number of procedures through the end of 2015 was 144. Conclusions: The prevalence of surgical AF treatment in cardiac surgery patients has been slightly decreasing, and in almost half of the patients AF was left untreated. Stand-alone AF surgery has been nearly abandoned, while hybrid treatment has slowly expanded in Czech centers.
PURPOSE: To identify patient, disease and organizational factors associated with decisions to forgo life-sustaining therapies (DFLSTs) in critically ill immunocompromised patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for acute respiratory failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of the international EFRAIM prospective study, which enrolled 1611 immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure admitted to 68 ICUs in 16 countries between October 2015 and June 2016. Multivariate logistic analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of DFLSTs. RESULTS: The main causes of immunosuppression were hematological malignancies (50%) and solid tumor (38%). Patients had a median age of 63 yo (54-71). A pulmonologist was involved in the patient management in 38% of cases. DFLSTs had been implemented in 28% of the patients. The following variables were independently associated with DFLSTs: 1) patient-related: older age (OR 1.02 per one year increase, 95% confidence interval(CI) 1.01-1.03,P < 0.001), poor performance status (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.98-3.93, P < 0.001); 2) disease-related: shock (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.45-2.75, P < 0.001), liver failure (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.14-2.21, P = 0.006), invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.31-2.46, P < 0.001); 3) organizational: having a pulmonologist involved in patient management (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.36-2.52, P < 0.001), and the presence of a critical care outreach services (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.11-2.38, P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: A DFLST is made in one in four immunocompromised patient admitted to the ICU for acute respiratory failure. Involving a pulmonologist in patient's management is associated with less non beneficial care.
PURPOSE: Hyperoxemia is common in patients resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and may increase the risk of mortality. However, the effect of hyperoxemia on functional outcome, specifically related to the timing of exposure to hyperoxemia, remains unclear. METHODS: The secondary analysis of the Target Temperature Management 2 (TTM-2) randomized trial. The primary aim was to identify the best cut-off of partial arterial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) to predict poor functional outcome within the first 24 h from admission, with this period further separated into 'very early' (0-4 h), 'early' (8-24 h), and 'late' (28-72 h) periods. Hyperoxemia was defined as the highest PaO2 recorded during each period. Poor functional outcome was defined as a 6 months modified Rankin Score (mRS) of 4 to 6. RESULTS: A total of 1,631 patients were analysed for the 'very early' and 'early' periods, and 1,591 in the 'late period'. In a multivariate logistic regression model, a PaO2 above 245 mmHg during the very early phase was independently associated with a higher probability of poor functional outcome (Odds Ratio, OR = 1.63, 95 % Confidence Interval, CI 1.08-2.44, p = 0.019). No significant associations were found for the later periods. CONCLUSIONS: Very early hyperoxemia after ICU admission is associated with higher risk of poor functional outcome after OHCA. Avoiding hyperoxia in the initial hours after resuscitation should be considered.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- hyperoxie * komplikace etiologie MeSH
- jednotky intenzivní péče statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- kardiopulmonální resuscitace * metody MeSH
- kyslík krev MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- terapeutická hypotermie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zástava srdce mimo nemocnici * terapie mortalita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: The estimation of risk of recurrence for patients with colon carcinoma must be improved. A robust immune score quantification is needed to introduce immune parameters into cancer classification. The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic value of total tumour-infiltrating T-cell counts and cytotoxic tumour-infiltrating T-cells counts with the consensus Immunoscore assay in patients with stage I-III colon cancer. METHODS: An international consortium of 14 centres in 13 countries, led by the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer, assessed the Immunoscore assay in patients with TNM stage I-III colon cancer. Patients were randomly assigned to a training set, an internal validation set, or an external validation set. Paraffin sections of the colon tumour and invasive margin from each patient were processed by immunohistochemistry, and the densities of CD3+ and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in the tumour and in the invasive margin were quantified by digital pathology. An Immunoscore for each patient was derived from the mean of four density percentiles. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the prognostic value of the Immunoscore for time to recurrence, defined as time from surgery to disease recurrence. Stratified multivariable Cox models were used to assess the associations between Immunoscore and outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders. Harrell's C-statistics was used to assess model performance. FINDINGS: Tissue samples from 3539 patients were processed, and samples from 2681 patients were included in the analyses after quality controls (700 patients in the training set, 636 patients in the internal validation set, and 1345 patients in the external validation set). The Immunoscore assay showed a high level of reproducibility between observers and centres (r=0·97 for colon tumour; r=0·97 for invasive margin; p<0·0001). In the training set, patients with a high Immunoscore had the lowest risk of recurrence at 5 years (14 [8%] patients with a high Immunoscore vs 65 (19%) patients with an intermediate Immunoscore vs 51 (32%) patients with a low Immunoscore; hazard ratio [HR] for high vs low Immunoscore 0·20, 95% CI 0·10-0·38; p<0·0001). The findings were confirmed in the two validation sets (n=1981). In the stratified Cox multivariable analysis, the Immunoscore association with time to recurrence was independent of patient age, sex, T stage, N stage, microsatellite instability, and existing prognostic factors (p<0·0001). Of 1434 patients with stage II cancer, the difference in risk of recurrence at 5 years was significant (HR for high vs low Immunoscore 0·33, 95% CI 0·21-0·52; p<0·0001), including in Cox multivariable analysis (p<0·0001). Immunoscore had the highest relative contribution to the risk of all clinical parameters, including the American Joint Committee on Cancer and Union for International Cancer Control TNM classification system. INTERPRETATION: The Immunoscore provides a reliable estimate of the risk of recurrence in patients with colon cancer. These results support the implementation of the consensus Immunoscore as a new component of a TNM-Immune classification of cancer. FUNDING: French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, the LabEx Immuno-oncology, the Transcan ERAnet Immunoscore European project, Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer, CARPEM, AP-HP, Institut National du Cancer, Italian Association for Cancer Research, national grants and the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru etiologie MeSH
- nádory tračníku klasifikace diagnóza imunologie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- tumor infiltrující lymfocyty MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH