Peters, L J F* Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
- MeSH
- afekt účinky léků MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hormonální substituční terapie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kognice účinky léků MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- testy funkce štítné žlázy MeSH
- thyreotropin antagonisté a inhibitory MeSH
- thyroxin aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zdravotní stav MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- souhrny MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Ageing of the global population has led to an increase in the demand for the treatment of wounds, especially considering the challenges of managing wounds in the elderly. Therefore, more effective treatment strategies need to be explored. In this article, we aimed to compare medical-grade honey (MGH) products with other wound care products and to provide guidelines on using MGH in wounds commonly found in the elderly. METHODS: Based on literature research and expert opinion, an overview of commonly used wound care products and their wound healing characteristics is provided. In addition, literature-based classification of wounds in the elderly and the recommendations for treatments are provided. RESULTS: Frequently used wound care products include povidone-iodine, enzymatic products, absorbing dressings, larvae, silver dressings, and MGH dressings. Supported by systematic reviews and meta-analyses, MGH dressings were identified as the most potent and all-round wound care product compared to the others. Next, we provided basic guidelines for managing the most common wounds in the elderly, both acute and chronic, and specified how and which MGH products can be used in these wounds. CONCLUSION: MGH is a widely applicable, safe, easy-to-use, and cost-effective product to manage wounds in the elderly. In case of doubt, refer to a trained wound care specialist who can support the treatment of difficult-to-heal wounds.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hluk MeSH
- imunitní systém fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychický stres fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
(1) Background: Sexual function can be affected up to and beyond 18 months postpartum, with some studies suggesting that spontaneous vaginal birth results in less sexual dysfunction. This review examined the impact of mode of birth on sexual function in the medium- (≥6 months and <12 months postpartum) and longer-term (≥12 months postpartum). (2) Methods: Literature published after January 2000 were identified in PubMed, Embase and CINAHL. Studies that compared at least two modes of birth and used valid sexual function measures were included. Systematic reviews, unpublished articles, protocols and articles not written in English were excluded. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. (3) Results: In the medium-term, assisted vaginal birth and vaginal birth with episiotomy were associated with worse sexual function, compared to caesarean section. In the longer-term, assisted vaginal birth was associated with worse sexual function, compared with spontaneous vaginal birth and caesarean section; and planned caesarean section was associated with worse sexual function in several domains, compared to spontaneous vaginal birth. (4) Conclusions: Sexual function, in the medium- and longer-term, can be affected by mode of birth. Women should be encouraged to seek support should their sexual function be affected after birth.
- MeSH
- císařský řez * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- epiziotomie * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poporodní období MeSH
- porod MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- vedení porodu škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
- MeSH
- jehlová biopsie MeSH
- karcinom epidemiologie klasifikace patologie MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory štítné žlázy * epidemiologie chirurgie klasifikace patologie MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- uzle štítné žlázy * epidemiologie klasifikace patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- souhrny MeSH
(1) Background: A traumatic birth can lead to the development of childbirth-related posttraumatic stress symptoms or disorder (CB-PTS/D). Literature has identified the risk factors for developing CB-PTS/D within the first six months postpartum thoroughly. However, the impact of mode of birth on CB-PTS/D beyond 6 months postpartum is scarcely studied. (2) Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase and CINAHL and PRISMA guidelines were followed. Studies were included if they reported the impact of mode of birth on CB-PTS/D beyond 6 months postpartum. (3) Results: In total, 26 quantitative and 2 qualitative studies were included. In the quantitative studies the percentage of women with CB-PTS/D ranged from 0.7% to 42% (between six months and five years postpartum). Compared with vaginal birth, operative vaginal birth, and emergency caesarean section were associated with CB-PTS/D beyond 6 months postpartum. Qualitative studies revealed that some women were suffering from CB-PTS/D as long as 18 years after birth. (4) Conclusions: Long- term screening of women for PTSD in the postnatal period could be beneficial. More research is needed on models of care that help prevent CB-PTS/D, identifying women at risk and factors that maintain CB-PTS/D beyond 6 months postpartum.
- MeSH
- císařský řez škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poporodní období MeSH
- porod MeSH
- posttraumatická stresová porucha * etiologie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- vedení porodu * škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
During the growing season, trees allocate photoassimilates to increase their aboveground woody biomass in the stem (ABIstem). This 'carbon allocation' to structural growth is a dynamic process influenced by internal and external (e.g., climatic) drivers. While radial variability in wood formation and its resulting structure have been intensively studied, their variability along tree stems and subsequent impacts on ABIstem remain poorly understood. We collected wood cores from mature trees within a fixed plot in a well-studied temperate Fagus sylvatica L. forest. For a subset of trees, we performed regular interval sampling along the stem to elucidate axial variability in ring width (RW) and wood density (ρ), and the resulting effects on tree- and plot-level ABIstem. Moreover, we measured wood anatomical traits to understand the anatomical basis of ρ and the coupling between changes in RW and ρ during drought. We found no significant axial variability in ρ because an increase in the vessel-to-fiber ratio with smaller RW compensated for vessel tapering towards the apex. By contrast, temporal variability in RW varied significantly along the stem axis, depending on the growing conditions. Drought caused a more severe growth decrease, and wetter summers caused a disproportionate growth increase at the stem base compared with the top. Discarding this axial variability resulted in a significant overestimation of tree-level ABIstem in wetter and cooler summers, but this bias was reduced to ~2% when scaling ABIstem to the plot level. These results suggest that F. sylvatica prioritizes structural carbon sinks close to the canopy when conditions are unfavorable. The different axial variability in RW and ρ thereby indicates some independence of the processes that drive volume growth and wood structure along the stem. This refines our knowledge of carbon allocation dynamics in temperate diffuse-porous species and contributes to reducing uncertainties in determining forest carbon fixation.
- MeSH
- biomasa MeSH
- buk (rod) * MeSH
- dřevo MeSH
- lesy MeSH
- stromy MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Burns are a major global healthcare concern, often complicated by the presence of bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the wounds. Silver-based dressings are commonly used in the treatment of burns but can cause skin irritation and delay healing time. Medical-grade honey (MGH) provides an interesting alternative. This study investigated the antimicrobial effects and possible cytotoxicity of L-Mesitran Soft (MGH-gel) and its individual components, Medihoney (Manuka), Flammazine (silver sulphadiazine), and silver nitrate (AgNO3) in an ex vivo human burn wound model. Bacterial survival and wound healing parameters, including re-epithelialization and keratinocyte proliferation were assessed. L-Mesitran, Flammazine, and AgNO3 reduced P. aeruginosa numbers below detection levels. L-Mesitran Soft exhibited a significantly stronger antimicrobial effect compared to Medihoney. The individual components of L-Mesitran contributed significantly to its antibacterial efficacy, thus suggesting synergistic activities. Moreover, L-Mesitran, Flammazine, and AgNO3 slightly inhibited re-epithelialization while Medihoney treatment resulted in a complete lack of re-epithelialization and keratinocyte proliferation. Furthermore, clinical cases illustrated the effectiveness of MGH therapy in infected burns. Overall, L-Mesitran Soft had similar effects as silver-based products on bacterial load and epidermal regeneration, but outperformed Medihoney. Therefore, supplemented MGH could be used as an effective alternative to silver-based dressings for P. aeruginosa-infected burns.
BACKGROUND: Although people with HIV might be at risk of severe outcomes from infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus 2019 [COVID-19]), regional and temporal differences in SARS-CoV-2 testing in people with HIV across Europe have not been previously described. METHODS: We described the proportions of testing, positive test results, and hospitalizations due to COVID-19 between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021 in the EuroSIDA cohort and the factors associated with being tested for SARS-CoV-2 and with ever testing positive. RESULTS: Of 9012 participants, 2270 (25.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 24.3-26.1) had a SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test during the study period (range: 38.3% in Northern to 14.6% in Central-Eastern Europe). People from Northern Europe, women, those aged <40 years, those with CD4 cell count <350 cells/mm3, and those with previous cardiovascular disease or malignancy were significantly more likely to have been tested, as were people with HIV in 2021 compared with those in 2020. Overall, 390 people with HIV (4.3%, 95% CI 3.9-4.8) tested positive (range: 2.6% in Northern to 7.1% in Southern Europe), and the odds of testing positive were higher in all regions than in Northern Europe and in 2021 than in 2020. In total, 64 people with HIV (0.7%, 95% CI 0.6-0.9) were hospitalized, of whom 12 died. Compared with 2020, the odds of positive testing decreased in all regions in 2021, and the associations with cardiovascular disease, malignancy, and use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate disappeared in 2021. Among study participants, 58.9% received a COVID-19 vaccine (range: 72.0% in Southern to 14.8% in Eastern Europe). CONCLUSIONS: We observed large heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 testing and positivity and a low proportion of hospital admissions and deaths across the regions of Europe.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * epidemiologie diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- HIV infekce * farmakoterapie epidemiologie MeSH
- hospitalizace * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počet CD4 lymfocytů MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 * MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- testování na COVID-19 statistika a číselné údaje metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
D-type cyclins, in association with the cyclin-dependent kinases Cdk4 or Cdk6, promote progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle by phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (RB). The activities of Cdk4 and Cdk6 are constrained by inhibitors such as p16, the product of the CDKN2 gene on human chromosome 9p21 (refs 12-14). The frequent deletion or mutation of CDKN2 in tumour cells suggests that p16 acts as a tumour suppressor. We show that wild-type p16 arrests normal diploid cells in late G1, whereas a tumour-associated mutant of p16 does not. Significantly, the ability of p16 to induce cell-cycle arrest is lost in cells lacking functional RB, including primary fibroblasts from Rb-/- mouse embryos. Thus, loss of p16, overexpression of D-cyclins and loss of RB have similar effects on G1 progression, and may represent a common pathway to tumorigenesis.
- MeSH
- buněčný cyklus * fyziologie MeSH
- cyklin D1 MeSH
- cyklin-dependentní kinasa 4 MeSH
- cyklin-dependentní kinasa 6 MeSH
- cyklin-dependentní kinasy * MeSH
- cykliny fyziologie MeSH
- Escherichia coli MeSH
- G1 fáze fyziologie MeSH
- inhibitor p16 cyklin-dependentní kinasy MeSH
- klonování DNA MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroinjekce MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorové buňky kultivované MeSH
- onkogenní proteiny fyziologie MeSH
- protein-serin-threoninkinasy antagonisté a inhibitory MeSH
- protoonkogenní proteiny * MeSH
- rekombinantní proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- retinoblastomový protein * fyziologie MeSH
- transportní proteiny fyziologie genetika MeSH
- tumor supresorové geny * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
