Reproductive Control Agents
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
xi, 287 s. : il., tab., grafy ; 22 cm
BACKGROUND: While commercial poultry and captive birds are exposed to antimicrobials through direct medication, environmental pollution may result in contamination of wild birds. Fluoroquinolones are commonly used medications to treat severe avian bacterial infections; however, their adverse effects on birds remain understudied. Here, we examine toxicity of enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin during the egg incubation period using the chicken (Gallus Gallus domesticus) as a model avian species. Laboratory tests were based on eggs injected with 1, 10 and 100 μg of fluoroquinolones per 1 g of egg weight prior to the start of incubation and monitoring of chick blood biochemistry, reproductive parameters and heart rate during incubation. RESULTS: Eggs treated with fluoroquinolones displayed reduced hatchability due to embryonic mortality, particularly on day 13 of incubation. Total hatching success showed a similar pattern, with a significantly reduced hatchability in low and high exposure groups treated with both enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin. From 15 to 67% of chicks hatching in these groups exhibited joint deformities. Hatching one-day pre-term occurred with a prevalence of 31 to 70% in all groups treated with fluoroquinolones. Embryonic heart rate, measured on days 13 and 19 of incubation, increased in all enrofloxacin-treated groups and medium and high dose groups of marbofloxacin-treated eggs. Blood biochemistry of chicks sampled at hatch from medium dose groups showed hypoproteinaemia, decreased uric acid and increased triglycerides. Chicks from the enrofloxacin-treated group displayed mild hyperglycaemia and a two-fold rise in the blood urea nitrogen to uric acid ratio. Principal components analysis based on blood biochemistry clearly separated the control bird cluster from both enrofloxacin- and marbofloxacin-treated birds. CONCLUSIONS: Fluoroquinolones induce complex adverse effects on avian embryonic development, considerably reducing the performance of incubated eggs and hatching chicks. Cardiotoxicity, which quickens embryonic heart rate, meant that the total number of heart beats required for embryogenesis was achieved earlier than in the standard incubation period, resulting in pre-term hatching. Our data suggest that enrofloxacin has a higher potential for adverse effects than marbofloxacin. To conclude, care should be taken to prevent exposure of reproducing birds and their eggs to fluoroquinolones.
- MeSH
- antiinfekční látky toxicita MeSH
- enrofloxacin toxicita MeSH
- fluorochinolony toxicita MeSH
- hypoproteinemie chemicky indukované veterinární MeSH
- kur domácí * krev MeSH
- kuřecí embryo účinky léků MeSH
- nemoci drůbeže chemicky indukované MeSH
- rozmnožování účinky léků MeSH
- srdeční frekvence účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kuřecí embryo účinky léků MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
XIV, 338 s. : il. ; 24 cm
In a retrospective anamnestic study a total of 3180 women teachers from primary schools in seven districts of the Czech Republic with a different incidence of statistically recorded reproductive disorders were examined. A professionally and socially homogeneous group was selected on purpose to standardize to a maximum extent exposure to detectable and undetectable risk factors and confounding factors in the working environment and living conditions. The respondents were classified according to their statements on smoking habits up to the age of 45 years, which was taken as the reproductive period. Although the majority of smokers belonged into the group of mild smokers with a mean consumption of 10 cigarettes per day, in this group significantly more frequent heavy menstrual bleeding, early and spontaneous abortions, deliveries of premature infants and infants born in term but with a low birthweight were recorded. Smokers had significantly more often induced abortions of unwanted pregnancies in the case-history as compared with non-smokers. After elimination of women who by the time of the survey had never been pregnant yet, heavy smokers, as compared with non-smokers had a more than twofold risk as regards difficulty to become pregnant, of spontaneous abortions, deliveries of premature infants: there was an almost double risk of delivery of a low birthweight infant even among medium heavy smokers. This work was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic - grant No. 313/94/0492
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- komplikace těhotenství MeSH
- kouření MeSH
- látky působící na reprodukci MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- reprodukční zdraví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženy MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Ve stručném přehledu jsou shrnuty dosavadní poznatky o vlivu kofeinu na reprodukci člověka. Existují doklady o tom, že konzumace kávy a ostatních kofeinových nápojů souvisí s vyšší prevalencí neplodnosti mužů i žen, spontánních abortů a intrauterinní retardace růstu. Často byl nalezen vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem. Naopak nebyl nalezen vztah k výskytu vrozených vývojových vad a předčasných porodů. Současné poznatky by měly být důvodem k varování párů plánujících těhotenství a těhotných žen před konzumací více než 2 šálků kávy denně.
In a brief review the author summarizes hitherto assembled knowledge on the effect of caffeine on human reproduction. There is evidence that consumption of coffee and other caffeine containing beverages is associated a higher prevalence of infertility in men and women, a higher rate of spontaneous abortions and intrauterine growth retardation. Frequently no relationship was found betwen the prevalence of inborn malformations and premature deliveries. Contemporary knowledge should be a waring to couples planning pregnancy and to pregnant women against coffee consuption of more than two cups a day.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- indukovaný potrat MeSH
- infertilita MeSH
- káva MeSH
- kofein metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kouření MeSH
- látky působící na reprodukci MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- růstová retardace plodu MeSH
- samovolný potrat MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Poslední část třídílné série o účincích kouření na reprodukci. První část shrnula účinky kouření na sexuální zdraví, plodnost a početí. Druhá část, která vyšla minulý měsíc, se zabývala vlivem kouření na těhotenství.
The last of a three-part serie on the effects of smoking on reproductive life is presented. Part one summarised the effects of smoking on sexual health, fertility and conception. Part 2, published last month, looked at smoking and pregnancy.
... ORIGINAL ARTICLES -- 6S The Solstrand Remote Damage Control Resuscitation Symposium -- G. ... ... Spinella -- 9S Remote damage control resuscitation and the Solstrand Conference: defining the need, the ... ... Davies -- Network and Remote -- Control -- Resuscitation. ... ... Fries -- 96S Tranexamic acid in remote damage control resuscitation -- J.F. Rappold and A.E. ... ... Pusateri -- 100S Thrombosomes: a platelet-derived hemostatic agent for control of noncompressible hemorrhage ...
Transfusion, ISSN 0041-1132 Vol. 53, No. 1S, January 2013 Supplement
149 stran : ilustrace ; 28 cm
- MeSH
- krevní transfuze MeSH
- primární prevence MeSH
- resuscitace MeSH
- řízení rizik MeSH
- sekundární prevence MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- sborníky MeSH
- zprávy MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- hematologie a transfuzní lékařství
... control strategies 58 -- 9.3 Strategies 60 -- 9.4 Use of epidemiological models to predict trends in ... ... Control through vector control 63 -- 10.1 Operational aspects and impact of insecticide treatments 64 ... ... larviciding on the aquatic environment 68 -- 10.4 Environmental management 69 -- 10.5 Integrated control ... ... Control through chemotherapy 70 -- 11.1 Introduction 70 -- 11.2 Organizations and groups stimulating ... ... evaluation of the impact of vector control 79 -- 12.3 Evaluation of control 80 -- 12.4 Suggestions for ...
WHO technical report series ; 852
[1st ed.] VIII, 103 s. : obr., tab., grafy ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- vzdělávání pacientů jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- senioři MeSH
- Konspekt
- Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
- NLK Obory
- kardiologie
- geriatrie
- angiologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- publikace WHO
- MeSH
- adjuvantní chemoterapie škodlivé účinky využití MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- hematologické nádory terapie MeSH
- Hodgkinova nemoc terapie MeSH
- hormon uvolňující gonadotropiny terapeutické užití MeSH
- kryoprezervace využití MeSH
- látky působící na reprodukci terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- antikoncepce metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kontraceptiva orální kombinovaná kontraindikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nitroděložní antikoncepční prostředky MeSH
- premenopauza MeSH
- progesteron terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH