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Použití klícek je jednou z metod, jak dosáhnout přední bederní meziobratlové fúze (ALIF). Studie sleduje klinické výsledky v korelaci s radiologickými nálezy při použití dvou typů náhrad: porovnává titanový implantát (SynCage, Synthes, USA) a PEEKový implantát (Visios, Synthes, USA) při ALIF typu "stand-alone" u pacientů s degenerativním onemocněním lumbosakrální páteře. Soubor je tvořen dvěma stejnými skupinami po 14 pacientech s dobou sledování minimálně jeden rok. Vztahy mezi klinickým nálezem vyjádřeným pomocí VAS, ODI a neurologickým vyšetřením a CT a MR nálezy před operací a jeden rok po operaci byly zpracovány obvyklými statistickými metodami. Nález změn typu Modic 1 na MR jeden rok po operaci byl provázen menší mírou zlepšení klinického stavu než při nálezu ostatních Modicových změn. Změny typu Modic 1 se po operaci nově vytvořily u pěti pacientů (35,7 %) s PEEKovým implantátem. Vznik kostních cystických změn na CT 1 rok po implantaci PEEKových klícek byl zaznamenán u osmi pacientů (57,1 %) a byl rovněž provázen menší mírou zlepšení klinického stavu oproti pacientům, kde k těmto změnám nedošlo. Při srovnání obou skupin pacientů podle typu implantátu byly horší klinické výsledky u pacientů při použití PEEKového implantátu. Změny v MR obraze typu Modic 1 a kostní cysty na CT jsou zřejmě výrazem nedostatečného kostního přihojení PEEKového implantátu při modifikaci ALIF typu stand-alone. Doplnění zadní transpedikulární fixace, a tedy zvýšení stability vede k ústupu těchto nálezů na CT a MR a ke zlepšení klinického stavu. Pro ALIF stand-alone doporučují autoři pouze titanový implantát. PEEKový implantát by měl být používán jen se současnou zadní transpedikulární fixací a pro ALIF typu stand- alone není vhodný.
The use of cages is one of the methods to obtain anterior lumber fusion (ALIF). The study reviews the clinical results in correlation with radiological findings for two types of implants: a titan implant (SynCage, Synthes, USA) is compared with a PEEK implant (Visios, Synthes, USA) used in a stand-alone ALIF surgery in patients with degenerative disease of the lumbosacral spine. The set or patients is made up of two identical groups each consisting of 14 patients, with a follow-up time of at least one year. The correlations between the clinical findings expressed by VAS, ODI and neurological examination and the CT and MR findings prior to surgery and one year post-op were assessed by standard statistical methods. The presence of Modic changes type 1 in MR one year post-op was associated with a lower degree of improvement of clinical status as compared with other Modic changes. Modic changes type 1 developed post-op in five patients (35.7 %) with a PEEK implant. Cystic bone changes detected by CT one year after the implantation of PEEK cages was recorded in eight patients (57.1 %) and was also associated with a lower degree of improvement of clinical status as compared with patients without such changes. Implant-based comparison of the two groups of patients showed worse clinical results for the patients with a PEEK implant. Modic changes type p1 in MR images and bone cysts in CT findings probably reflect insufficient healing in of the PEEK implant in the stand-alone ALIF procedure. Additional posterior transpedicular fixation and subsequent increase of stability reduces the number of the above-mentioned CT and MR findings and results in an improved clinical status. The authors therefore recommend only the titan implant for stand-alone ALIF. The PEEK implant should be used only with posterior transpedicular fixation and is not suitable for the stand-alone ALIF procedure.
- MeSH
- fúze páteře metody přístrojové vybavení trendy MeSH
- kostní náhrady terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lumbosakrální krajina chirurgie patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody využití MeSH
- nemoci páteře chirurgie MeSH
- ortopedické výkony metody využití MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie metody využití MeSH
- pooperační komplikace prevence a kontrola MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- protézy a implantáty trendy využití MeSH
- statistika jako téma metody MeSH
- titan terapeutické užití MeSH
- výsledky a postupy - zhodnocení (zdravotní péče) metody využití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
The discovery of branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) in humans draw attention of many researches to their biological effects. Although FAHFAs were originally discovered in insects and plants, their introduction into the mammalian realm opened new horizons in bioactive lipid research. Hundreds of isomers from different families have been identified so far and their role in (patho) physiological processes is currently being explored. The family of palmitic acid esters of hydroxy stearic acids (PAHSAs), especially 5-PAHSA and 9-PAHSA regioisomers, stands out in the crowd of other FAHFAs for their anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects. Beneficial effects of PAHSAs have been linked to metabolic disorders such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes, colitis, and chronic inflammation. Besides PAHSAs, a growing family of polyunsaturated FAHFAs exerts mainly immunomodulatory effects and biological roles of many other FAHFAs remain currently unknown. Therefore, FAHFAs represent unique lipid messengers capable of affecting many immunometabolic processes. The objective of this review is to summarize the knowledge concerning the diversity of FAHFAs, nomenclature, and their analysis and detection. Special attention is paid to the total syntheses of FAHFAs, optimal strategies, and to the formation of the stereocenter required for optically active molecules. Biosynthetic pathways of saturated and polyunsaturated FAHFAs in mammals and plants are reviewed together with their metabolism and degradation. Moreover, an overview of biological effects of branched FAHFAs is provided and many unanswered questions regarding FAHFAs are discussed.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus farmakoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- estery chemie metabolismus MeSH
- kolitida farmakoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mastné kyseliny chemie metabolismus MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- zánět farmakoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
A key objective in immuno-oncology is to reactivate the dormant immune system and increase tumour immunogenicity. Adenosine is an omnipresent purine that is formed in response to stress stimuli in order to restore physiological balance, mainly via anti-inflammatory, tissue-protective, and anti-nociceptive mechanisms. Adenosine overproduction occurs in all stages of tumorigenesis, from the initial inflammation/local tissue damage to the precancerous niche and the developed tumour, making the adenosinergic pathway an attractive but challenging therapeutic target. Many current efforts in immuno-oncology are focused on restoring immunosurveillance, largely by blocking adenosine-producing enzymes in the tumour microenvironment (TME) and adenosine receptors on immune cells either alone or combined with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. However, the effects of adenosinergic immunotherapy are not restricted to immune cells; other cells in the TME including cancer and stromal cells are also affected. Here we summarise recent advancements in the understanding of the tumour adenosinergic system and highlight the impact of current and prospective immunomodulatory therapies on other cell types within the TME, focusing on adenosine receptors in tumour cells. In addition, we evaluate the structure- and context-related limitations of targeting this pathway and highlight avenues that could possibly be exploited in future adenosinergic therapies.
- MeSH
- adenosin biosyntéza genetika imunologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- cílená molekulární terapie * MeSH
- imunoterapie trendy MeSH
- karcinogeneze účinky léků imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové mikroprostředí účinky léků imunologie MeSH
- nádory genetika imunologie terapie MeSH
- purinergní receptory P1 imunologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Interferon-γ receptor 2 is a cell-surface receptor that is required for interferon-γ signalling and therefore plays a critical immunoregulatory role in innate and adaptive immunity against viral and also bacterial and protozoal infections. A crystal structure of the extracellular part of human interferon-γ receptor 2 (IFNγR2) was solved by molecular replacement at 1.8 Å resolution. Similar to other class 2 receptors, IFNγR2 has two fibronectin type III domains. The characteristic structural features of IFNγR2 are concentrated in its N-terminal domain: an extensive π-cation motif of stacked residues KWRWRH, a NAG-W-NAG sandwich (where NAG stands for N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) and finally a helix formed by residues 78-85, which is unique among class 2 receptors. Mass spectrometry and mutational analyses showed the importance of N-linked glycosylation to the stability of the protein and confirmed the presence of two disulfide bonds. Structure-based bioinformatic analysis revealed independent evolutionary behaviour of both receptor domains and, together with multiple sequence alignment, identified putative binding sites for interferon-γ and receptor 1, the ligands of IFNγR2.
- MeSH
- aminokyselinové motivy MeSH
- disulfidy chemie MeSH
- glykosylace MeSH
- konformace proteinů MeSH
- krystalografie rentgenová MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární modely MeSH
- proteinové domény MeSH
- receptory interferonů chemie MeSH
- sbalování proteinů MeSH
- stabilita proteinů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The recent discoveries of regulatory non-coding RNAs changed our view of RNA as a simple information transfer molecule. Understanding the architecture and function of active RNA molecules requires methods for comparing and analyzing their 3D structures. While structural alignment of short RNAs is achievable in a reasonable amount of time, large structures represent much bigger challenge. Here, we present the SETTER web server for the RNA structure pairwise comparison utilizing the SETTER (SEcondary sTructure-based TERtiary Structure Similarity Algorithm) algorithm. The SETTER method divides an RNA structure into the set of non-overlapping structural elements called generalized secondary structure units (GSSUs). The SETTER algorithm scales as O(n(2)) with the size of a GSSUs and as O(n) with the number of GSSUs in the structure. This scaling gives SETTER its high speed as the average size of the GSSU remains constant irrespective of the size of the structure. However, the favorable speed of the algorithm does not compromise its accuracy. The SETTER web server together with the stand-alone implementation of the SETTER algorithm are freely accessible at http://siret.cz/setter.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- internet MeSH
- konformace nukleové kyseliny MeSH
- RNA chemie MeSH
- software MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Cieľom práce bolo prispieť k objasneniu štruktúry limitujúcich faktorov športového výkonu v karate, z ktorých sme vybrali disjunktívne reakčno-rýchlostné schopnosti dolných končatín na optické podnety a rýchlosť úderu seiken čoku cuki z hľadiska hier archického usporiadania vybraných motorických fakto- rov prostredníctvom kvantifi kovaného matematického modelu. Namerané hodnoty sme spracovali a párovou korelačnou analýzou sme zistili mieru závislosti medzi jednotlivými premennými. Pomocou regresnej a parciálnej korelačnej analýzy sme zostavili empirický model štruktúry vybraných motorických faktorov limitujúcich výkon v karate. K nám zvoleným závislým premenným boli do druhej faktorovej úrovne na zá- klade významných koefi cientov mnohonásobnej determinácie zarade né motorické faktory: skok do diaľky z miesta, beh na 400m, hod plnou loptou a ľah sed. Do tretej faktorovej úrovne sme na základe štrukturálnej analýzy zaradili: beh na 50m, počet kľukov za 10s, beh zo zmenami smeru 10x5m, zhyby a výdrž v zhybe, prepočet VO 2 max.
The aim of the presented work is to contribute to the clarifi cation of the structure of sport performance limiting factors within karate, out of which the following were chosen: disjunctive reaction time lower extremities on visual stimulus and velocity of strike seiken čoku cuki from the perspective of hierarchical formation of the mathematical model. The measured values were processed and the paired comparison analysis was used to fi nd the dependency rate between the particular variables. We used both regression and partial correlation analysis for creating the empirical model of the structure of selected motoric factors, which are limiting the performance in karate. On the “second level factor” concerning dependent variables which we have selected, the following motoric factors proved to be signifi cant: standing long jump, 400m run, overhead medicimbal throw and No of sit ups during 1 min. period. On the “third level factor” it were: 50m dash from standing start, No of push ups in 10 second, shuttle run 10x5m, pull ups and isometric endurance in upright possition of pull ups, calculation of maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2 max).
- Klíčová slova
- karate, motorická výkonnost, kondiční schopnosti,
- MeSH
- bojové sporty * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- motorické dovednosti * MeSH
- sportovní výkon * MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Plantation forests with timber production as the major function are highly fragmented and disturbed regarding the tree species composition and stand area. Their closed canopies also have different microclimatic conditions compared with better studied conservation areas. We studied three beetle families (click, longhorn, and rove beetles) with different ecological demands in lowland plantation forests dominated by Sessile oak and Norway spruce in the Czech Republic. Our main interest was how their species richness, abundance, diversity, body length, rarity, red-list status, species composition and individual species were driven by the main tree species, stand area and canopy openness. We analyzed 3466 individuals from 198 beetle species and the results revealed complex and contrasting responses of the studied beetle families - click beetles mostly preferred sun-exposure and spruce as the dominant tree species, longhorn beetles mainly preferred large stands, whereas rove beetles were mostly influenced by oak as the dominant tree species and increasing area. We also observed that some species had different preferences in plantation forests than is known from the literature. The main conclusions of our results are that the dominance of non-natural spruce plantations and a large stand area (both originating from artificially replanted large clear-cuts) did not affect the majority of the studied taxa as we expected. On the other hand, our results might have been influenced by other factor, such as the current small total area of the former vegetation, which in the past might have led to extinction debt; or a large area of other conifers in the surroundings that might have promoted conifer-associated fauna.
- MeSH
- brouci fyziologie MeSH
- lesnictví MeSH
- lesy * MeSH
- mikroklima * MeSH
- populační dynamika MeSH
- společenstvo * MeSH
- zachování přírodních zdrojů * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
VÝCHODISKA: Pojem „tělesná (pohybová) kultura“ je v odborné literatuře využíván zcela minoritně a přednost je dávána termínu preferovanému v evropském byrokratickém prostoru (míněn je vliv byrokratických struktur na terminologii prostřednictvím politických dokumentů), tj. slovu „sport“. CÍLE: Příspěvek chce porovnat některé znaky myšlení charakteristické pro systémový pohled na tělesnou/pohybovou kulturu a určité paralely fi losofi ckých analýz skladebné fi losofi e. METODIKA: Filosofi cká analýza, kritická analýza pojmů a komparace odlišností jednotlivých přístupů. VÝSLEDKY: Pro oba myšlenkové koncepty je podstatné systematické a strukturální uspořádání, kvalitativní rozrůzněnost oproti převládajícímu kvantitativnímu pohledu, zájem o člověka a jeho centrální postavení v daném ideovém rozvrhu. ZÁVĚRY: Shodné znaky kinantropologických témat a fi losofi ckých idejí zkoumaných na Univerzitě Palackého lze vnímat – alespoň předběžně a podmíněně – v rovině znaku specifi cké „olomoucké školy“. Systematičnost a strukturnost pohledu lze vytyčit jako nosné její specifi kum i do budoucnosti, např. v souvislosti s fenoménem systemických konstelací.
BACKGROUND: The notion of “physical (movement) culture” is utilized in the scientifi c literature only by a minority of authors. The term “sport” is preferred in European writings. OBJECTIVE: The paper wants to compare some signs of thinking for a systemic look at physical/movement culture and certain parallels of the analysis of structural philosophy. METHODS: Philosophical analysis, critical analysis. RESULTS: The systematic and structural ordering is substantial for both ideal concepts, as well as qualitative diff erentness against a dominant quantitative viewpoint, the interest is its central standing in this intellectual schedule. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to perceive the consistent signs of kinanthropological topics and philosophical ideas researched at Palacký University as sign of a specifi c “Olomouc school”. It is possible to stake an orderliness and structure as its portative specifi city into the future, for example in connection with systemic constellation phenomenon.
- MeSH
- akademický sbor MeSH
- filozofie * MeSH
- kultura * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- přírodní vědy MeSH
- sporty * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- genomika * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- periodika MeSH
- Konspekt
- Obecná genetika. Obecná cytogenetika. Evoluce
- NLK Obory
- genetika, lékařská genetika
We studied sequence-dependent retention properties of synthetic 5'-terminal phosphate absent trinucleotides containing adenine, guanine and thymine through reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and QSRR modelling. We investigated the influence of separation conditions, namely mobile phase composition (ion interaction agent content, pH and organic constituent content), on sequence-dependent separation by means of ion-interaction RPLC (II-RPLC) using two types of models: experimental design-artificial neural networks (ED-ANN), and linear regression based on molecular dynamics data. The aim was to determine those properties of the above-mentioned analytes responsible for the retention dependence of the sequence. Our results show that there is a deterministic relation between sequence and II-RPLC retention properties of the studied trinucleotides. Further, we can conclude that the higher the content of ion-interaction agent in the mobile phase, the more prominent these properties are. We also show that if we approximate the polar component of solvation energy in QSRR by the electrostatic work in transferring molecules from vacuum to water, and the non-polar component by the solvent accessible surface area, these parameters best describe the retention properties of trinucleotides. There are some exceptions to this finding, namely sequences 5'-NAN-3', 5'-ANN-3', 5'-TGN-3', 5'-NTA-3'and 5'-NGA-3' (N stands for generic nucleotide). Their role is still unknown, but since linear regression including these specific constellations showed a higher observable variance coverage than the model with only the basic descriptors, we may assume that solvent-analyte interactions are responsible for the exceptional behaviour of 5'-NAN-3' & 5'-ANN-3' trinucleotides and some intramolecular interactions of neighbouring nucleobases for 5'-TGN-3', 5'-NTA-3'and 5'-NGA-3' trinucleotides.
- MeSH
- adenin analogy a deriváty izolace a purifikace MeSH
- chromatografie s reverzní fází MeSH
- guanin analogy a deriváty izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kvantitativní vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
- neuronové sítě MeSH
- oligonukleotidy izolace a purifikace MeSH
- rozpouštědla MeSH
- simulace molekulární dynamiky MeSH
- statická elektřina MeSH
- thymin analogy a deriváty izolace a purifikace MeSH
- voda MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH