BACKGROUND: There is no single gold standard for investigation of gastrointestinal motility function. Wireless motility monitoring involves a novel concept which provides a complex information on gastrointestinal function (gastrointestinal transit time, intra-luminal pH, pressure and temperature). Gastrointestinal motility functions of experimental pigs are very similar to those of humans. That is why porcine studies have already provided suitable experimental models for several preclinical projects. AIMS: The aim of our study was to adopt methods of non-invasive wireless monitoring of gastrointestinal functions in experimental pigs. METHODS: Five experimental adult female pigs were enrolled into the study. Wireless motility capsules were delivered into the porcine stomach endoscopically. Gastrointestinal transit and intra-luminal conditions were recorded for five days. RESULTS: Records of animals provided good (3 pigs) or very good quality files (2 pigs). 31150 variables were evaluated. Mean time of the presence of capsules in the stomach was 926 ± 295 min, transfer of a capsule from the stomach into the duodenum lasted 5-34 min. Mean small intestinal transit time was 251 ± 43 min. Food intake was associated with an increase of gastric luminal temperature and a decrease of intra-gastric pressure. The highest intra-luminal pH was present in the ileum. The highest temperature and the lowest intra-luminal pressure were found in the colon. All data displayed a substantial inter-individual variability. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study has proven that a long-term function monitoring of the gastrointestinal tract by means of wireless motility capsules in experimental pigs is feasible. However, both ketamine-based induction of general anaesthesia as well as long-lasting general anaesthesia (> 6 hours) should be avoided to prevent retention of a capsule in the porcine stomach.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Gastrointestinal Transit * MeSH
• Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pilot Projects MeSH
• Swine MeSH
• Temperature MeSH
• Capsules MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Ultrasound power delivery can be considered a convenient technique for charging implantable medical devices. In this work, an intra-body system has been modeled to characterize the phenomenon of ultrasound power transmission. The proposed system comprises a Langevin transducer as transmitter and an AlN-based square piezoelectric micro-machined ultrasonic transducer as receiver. The medium layers, in which elastic waves propagate, were made by polydimethylsiloxane to mimic human tissue and stainless steel to replace the case of the implantable device. To characterize the behavior of the transducers, measurements of impedance and phase, velocity and displacement, and acoustic pressure field were carried out in the experimental activity. Then, voltage and power output were measured to analyze the performance of the ultrasound power delivery system. For a root mean square voltage input of approximately 35 V, the power density resulted in 21.6 μW cm-2. Such a result corresponds to the data obtained with simulation through a one-dimensional lumped parameter transmission line model. The methodology proposed to develop the ultrasound power delivery (UPD) system, as well as the use of non-toxic materials for the fabrication of the intra-body elements, are a valid design approach to raise awareness of using wireless power transfer techniques for charging implantable devices.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

We designed a simple, portable, low-cost and low-weight nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy-based system for continuous remote sensing of atmospheric methane (CH4) with rapidly pulsed near-infrared light emitting diodes (NIR LED) at 1.65 μm. The use of a microcontroller with a field programmable gate array (μC-FPGA) enables on-the-fly and wireless streaming and processing of large data streams (~2 Gbit/s). The investigated NIR LED detection system offers favourable limits of detection (LOD) of 300 ppm (±5%) CH4,. All the generated raw data were processed automatically on-the-fly in the μC-FPGA and transferred wirelessly via a network connection. The sensing device was deployed for the portable sensing of atmospheric CH4 at a local landfill, resulting in quantified concentrations within the sampling area (ca 400 m2) in the range of 0.5%-3.35% CH4. This NIR LED-based sensor system offers a simple low-cost solution for continuous real-time, quantitative, and direct measurement of CH4 concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments, yet with the flexibility provided by the custom programmable software. It possesses future potential for remote monitoring of gases directly from mobile platforms such as smartphones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV).

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

A non-invasive solution for monitoring of the activity and dehydration of organisms is proposed in the work. For this purpose, a wireless standalone chemical sensor platform using two separate measurement techniques has been developed. The first approach for activity monitoring is based on humidity measurement. Our solution uses new humidity sensor based on a nanostructured TiO2 surface for sweat rate monitoring. The second technique is based on monitoring of potassium concentration in urine. High level of potassium concentration denotes clear occurrence of dehydration. Furthermore, a Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) was developed for this sensor platform to manage data transfer among devices and the internet. The WBAN coordinator controls the sensor devices and collects and stores the measured data. The collected data is particular to individuals and can be shared with physicians, emergency systems or athletes' coaches. Long-time monitoring of activity and potassium concentration in urine can help maintain the appropriate water intake of elderly people or athletes and to send warning signals in the case of near dehydration. The created sensor system was calibrated and tested in laboratory and real conditions as well. The measurement results are discussed.

• MeSH
• Wireless Technology instrumentation   MeSH
• Dehydration diagnosis   MeSH
• Equipment Design MeSH
• X-Ray Diffraction MeSH
• Electrodes MeSH
• Calibration MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Monitoring, Physiologic instrumentation   MeSH
• Nanostructures ultrastructure   MeSH
• Computer Communication Networks instrumentation   MeSH
• Titanium chemistry   MeSH
• Humidity MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

In autumn 2010, an outdoor measuring station for measurement of atmospheric radon, gamma equivalent dose rate in the range of 100 nSv h(-1)-1 Sv h(-1) and proper meteorological parameters such as thermal air gradient, relative air humidity, wind speed and direction and solar radiation intensity was built in the area of the National Radiation Protection Institute vvi. The station was designed to be independent of an electrical network and enables on-line wireless transfer of all data. After introduction of the station, illustrations of its measurement properties and the results of measured diurnal and seasonal variability of atmospheric radon, based on annual continuous measurement using a high-volume scintillation cell at a height of 2.5 m above the ground, are presented.

• MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Risk Assessment MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Radiation Monitoring * MeSH
• Air Movements MeSH
• Radioactive Pollutants analysis   MeSH
• Radon analysis   MeSH
• Seasons * MeSH
• Temperature MeSH
• Wind MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

This work is focused on problematic of biopotential signals measurements (EXG) using powerful SMART sensor system, composed of portable units, intended for in-time wireless measurement and evaluation of electrical activity, produced by skeletal muscles, human heart or brain. Here, we discuss very precise measurement features, which characterize this device (high gain, low noise, wireless data transfer, multi-probe measuring), some special features as low voltage and ultra-low power consumption were reached by application of the described amplifier in order to achieve its longer performance for daily use. It brings a lot of advantages to biomedical electronics and medical care. In order to optimize the performance of novel proposed smart biomedical instrument in our experimental part we have focused on measurement of surface electromyography (sEMG) signal to force ratio. These sEMG signals can illuminate our understanding of how the brain controls muscles to generate force and produce movement and can be used in such applications like as training of athletes, controlling robots, monitoring the physical capabilities of patients with motor disorders etc.

• MeSH
• Wireless Technology * instrumentation   MeSH
• Electrodes MeSH
• Electromyography * instrumentation   MeSH
• Isometric Contraction physiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted instrumentation   MeSH
• Muscle Contraction * physiology   MeSH
• Muscle Strength physiology   MeSH
• Muscle Fatigue physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Vyšší kvalita a nižší náklady na péči o pacienta závisejí na digitalizaci zdravotních záznamů a na přechodu na elektronické záznamy o pacientech. Tyto záznamy představují typ citlivých informací označovaných také jako elektronické chráněné zdravotní záznamy (electronic Protected Health Information–ePHR). Ve srovnání se svými papírovými ekvivalenty představují citlivé informace v elektronické podobě nová slabá místa. Bezpečnostní rizika a rizika spojená s ochranou citlivých informací se vlivem řady sílících trendů ve zdravotnictví zvyšují. K takovým rizikům patří např. mobilita lékařů a využívání bezdrátových sítí, výměna zdravotnických informací, cloudové aplikace, přístup typu „přineste si vlastní počítač“ či používání osobních zdravotních záznamů (Personal Health Records–PHRs). Rafinovanost malwaru a bezpečnostní hrozby se neustále stupňují. K těmto problémům lze dále přiřadit omezené finanční prostředky, které mají zdravotnická zařízení k dispozici v oblasti snižování rizik, a zároveň zvyšující se závažnost důsledků případného selhání při ochraně citlivých informací. Tato bílá kniha popisuje standardní postup, pomocí něhož mohou zdravotnická zařízení vyhodnotit rizika a zformulovat nutné požadavky na zabezpečení a ochranu dat. Nabízíme také několikavrstvou strategii hloubkové ochrany, která může zdravotnickým organizacím pomoci v průběhu životního cyklu hrozby snížit rizika a zabezpečit tak důvěrnost, celistvost a dostupnost citlivých informací. Na základě toho pak hovoříme o specifických bezpečnostních potřebách a potřebách ochrany dat ve zdravotnických organizacích a popisujeme několik technologií Intel®, jež mohou těmto potřebám vyjít vstříc, protože snižují riziko ztráty nebo odcizení citlivých informací chrání momentálně nevyužívané, přesouvané i právě používané citlivé informace chrání přístup k citlivým informacím pomocí silné autentizace umožňují lépe plnit kritéria politiky zabezpečení a ochrany osobních dat.

Higher quality and lower costs of patient care depend on digitization of medical records and on switching to electronic patient records. These records contain a type of sensitive information also called electronic protected health information – ePHR. Compared to its paper equivalents, sensitive information in the electronic form is associated with new weak points. Security risks and risks associated with the protection of sensitive information have been rising due to a number of trends growing ever stronger in medicine. Such risks include, for example, mobility of the physicians and the use of wireless networks, medical data exchange, cloud applications, “bring your own computer“ access or the use of personal health records – PHRs. The artfulness of malware and the security threats have been rising constantly. Moreover, restricted financial resources available to medical facilities in the field of risk reduction can be added to such problems, as well as ever more serious consequences of any failure of sensitive information protection. This white book describes a standard procedure that can be used by medical facilities to assess the risks and formulate necessary requirements for data security and protection. Multiple layered strategy of deep protection is also offered, which may help medical organizations to reduce the risks in the course of the threat life cycle, and thus to secure the confidence, integrity and availability of sensitive information. Based on the above, specific security needs and data protection needs in medical organizations are discussed, and several Intel® technologies are described, which may accommodate the needs, given that they reduce the risk of loss or theft of sensitive information, they protect sensitive information currently being unused, transferred and used, and they protect access to sensitive information using strong authentication that makes it possible to better fulfil the criteria of the security and personal data protection policy.

• MeSH
• Security Measures MeSH
• Medical Records Systems, Computerized MeSH
• Medical Records legislation & jurisprudence   MeSH
• Confidentiality MeSH
• Electronic Health Records legislation & jurisprudence   MeSH
• Forms and Records Control MeSH
• Software MeSH
• Computer Security MeSH

Cíl. V práci hodnotíme bezpečnost, proveditelnost a diagnostické zkušenosti s prováděním dobutamin-atropinového testu na MRI. Metoda. V období 12 měsíců jsme provedli celkem 50 zátěžových MRI srdce u nemocných s potvrzeným onemocněním koronárních tepen, či při podezření na ně. Vyšetření byla prováděna radiologem na přístroji Avanto 1.5 T s použitím matrixové body cívky a bezdrátového gatovacího systému. Protokol sestával ze sekvencí balancovaného echa (trueFISP retrogated) v čtyřdutinové projekci, dvoudutinové projekci levé komory, v šesti projekcích v krátké srdeční ose a eventuálně i ve dvouvýtokové projekci levé komory. Dobutamin byl aplikován kardiologem stupňovitě v dávkách 5-10-20-30-40 ?g/kg/min, trvání jednotlivých stupňů zátěže trvalo 4-5 minut, podle možné rychlosti akvizice MR dat. Pokud nebyla dostatečná chronotropní odpověď na dobutamin, byl od stupně 20 ?g/kg/min dobutaminu aplikován atropin v dávkách po 0,5 mg do celkové dávky 2 mg. Během celého vyšetření byl měřen systolický tlak na mezi jednotlivými stupni zátěže, srdeční frekvence a EKG byly monitorovány pomocí MR systému. Výsledky. V souboru nebyl zaznamenán jako komplikace infarkt myokardu, v jediném případě (2 %) vznikla komorová tachykardie, která si vyžádala bezprostřední kardioverzi. Hodnotili jsme poruchy a změny kinetiky myokardu levé komory v závislosti na zátěži, viabilní myokard jsme prokázali ve 22 % případů, aviabilní jizvu v 28 %, zátěžovou ischémii v 18 % případech a u 32 % případů byl nález negativní (nebyly pozorovány poruchy kinetiky), v 6 % případů byla patrná chlopenní vada. Závěr. Dobutamin-atropinový stress test myokardu provedený kombinovaným týmem je bezpečný, standardně proveditelný a stává se vhodnou alternativou dobutaminové echokardiografie.

Aim: This study assesses the feasibility, safety, and diagnostic experience with MRI dobutamine-atropine stress test. Method. Fifty cardiac stress MRI examinations were performed during 12 months due to proved or suspected coronary heart disease, including 12 patients with renal insufficiency. All examinations were performed by a radiologist on 1.5 Tesla systém (Magnetom Avanto, Siemens, Germany) using body matrix coil and wireless gating systém. Protocol contained balanced echo sequences (trueFISP retrogated) in four-chamber, two-chamber, and short axis projections, with additional double outlet projection in selected cases. Dobutamine was dosed by experienced cardiologist in steps 5-10-20-30-40 ?g/kg/min, one step of 4-5 min duration. If the chronotropic response was insufficient, additional application of atropine was used in partial doses of 0.5 mg up to total dose of 2 mg. Systolic blood pressure was measured between steps, heart rate and ECG was registered online during whole procedure. Results. No acute myocardial infarction was noted. Developed in one patient, ventricular tachycardia requiring immediate cardioversion represented single serious complication (2 %). No complication occurred in patients with renal insufficiency. Stress dependent kinetic disorders and changes were assessed and viable myocardium was found in 22 %, non-viable scar in 28%, stress induced ischemia in 18 %, and normál finding (without any kinetic disorder) in 32 % of cases. Valvular vitium was noted in 6 %. Conclusion. Our experience shows that dobutamine-atropine stress test performed by an interdisciplinary team is safe and feasible procedure and is an alternativě to do-butamine echocardiography in depiction of stress induced disorders of myocardial kinetics.

• MeSH
• Atropine diagnostic use   adverse effects   MeSH
• Dobutamine diagnostic use   adverse effects   MeSH
• Electrocardiography utilization   MeSH
• Research Support as Topic MeSH
• Coronary Disease diagnosis   chemically induced   complications   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods   utilization   MeSH
• Tomography, Spiral Computed methods   MeSH
• Echocardiography, Stress methods   adverse effects   drug effects   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

Skripta slouží jako základní povinný učební text pro studenty studijního programu ošetřovatelství na Univerzitě Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně.

• MeSH
• Information Technology MeSH
• Education, Nursing MeSH

• Conspectus
• Počítačová věda. Výpočetní technika. Informační technologie
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NML Fields
• lékařská informatika
• NML Publication type
• učebnice vysokých škol

• MeSH
• Medical Informatics MeSH
• Telemedicine MeSH
• Publication type
• Abstracts MeSH
• Congress MeSH
• Collected Work MeSH

• Conspectus
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NML Fields
• lékařská informatika