• MeSH
• amfotericin B MeSH
• imunoglobuliny izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• membránové lipidy MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

The analysis of an ionic profile of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection and double opposite end injection, is demonstrated. A miniature sampler made from a 2 ml syringe and an aluminium cooling cylinder was used for the fast collection of EBC (under one minute). Analysis of the collected EBC was performed in a 60 mM 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid, 60 mM L-histidine background electrolyte with 30 µM cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 2 mM 18-crown-6 at pH 6, and excellent repeatability of migration times (RSD  <1.3% (n = 7)) and peak areas (RSD  <  7% (n = 7)) of 14 ions (inorganic anions, cations and organic acids) was obtained. It is demonstrated that the analysis of EBC samples obtained from patients with various respiratory diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, cystic fibrosis) is possible in less than five minutes and the ionic profile can be compared with the group of healthy individuals. The analysis of the ionic profile of EBC samples provides a set of data in which statistically significant differences among the groups of patients could be observed for several clinically relevant anions (nitrite, nitrate, acetate, lactate). The developed collection system and method provides a highly reproducible and fast way of collecting and analyzing EBC, with future applicability in point-of-care diagnostics.

• MeSH
• acetáty analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• amoniové sloučeniny analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• bronchiální astma metabolismus   MeSH
• butyráty analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• chloridy analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• chronická obstrukční plicní nemoc metabolismus   MeSH
• crown ethery MeSH
• cystická fibróza metabolismus   MeSH
• dechové testy přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• draslík analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• dusičnany analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• dusitany analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• elektroforéza kapilární MeSH
• hořčík analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• ionty MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• kyselina mléčná analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plicní fibróza metabolismus   MeSH
• plicní sarkoidóza metabolismus   MeSH
• propionáty analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sírany analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• sodík analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• vápník analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The effect of ionic surfactants and manufacturing methods on the separation and distribution of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a silicone matrix are investigated. The CNTs are dispersed in an aqueous solution of the anionic surfactant dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and in a DBSA/CTAB surfactant mixture. Four types of CNT-based composites of various concentrations from 0 to 6 vol.% are prepared by simple mechanical mixing and sonication. The morphology, electrical and thermal conductivity of the CNT-based composites are analyzed. The incorporation of both neat and modified CNTs leads to an increase in electrical and thermal conductivity. The dependence of DC conductivity versus CNT concentration shows percolation behaviour with a percolation threshold of about 2 vol.% in composites with neat CNT. The modification of CNTs by DBSA increases the percolation threshold to 4 vol.% due to the isolation/separation of individual CNTs. This, in turn, results in a significant decrease in the complex permittivity of CNT–DBSA-based composites. In contrast to the percolation behaviour of DC conductivity, the concentration dependence of thermal conductivity exhibits a linear dependence, the thermal conductivity of composites with modified CNTs being lower than that of composites with neat CNTs. All these results provide evidence that the modification of CNTs by DBSA followed by sonication allows one to produce composites with high homogeneity.

• MeSH
• benzensulfonáty chemie   MeSH
• cetrimoniové sloučeniny chemie   MeSH
• elektrická vodivost * MeSH
• impedanční spektroskopie MeSH
• nanokompozity chemie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• povrchově aktivní látky chemie   MeSH
• silikonové elastomery chemie   MeSH
• tepelná vodivost * MeSH
• termogravimetrie MeSH
• uhlíkové nanotrubičky chemie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• vibrace ultrazvukové MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• dialýza ledvin přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• dialyzační roztoky farmakokinetika   MeSH
• difuze MeSH
• elektřina MeSH
• koronární cirkulace MeSH
• membrány umělé MeSH
• močovina krev   MeSH
• osmolární koncentrace MeSH
• plicní oběh MeSH
• sodík krev   MeSH
• vodní a elektrolytová rovnováha MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• nefrologie

Human-assisted reproduction is increasing in importance due to the constantly rising number of couples suffering from infertility issue. A key step in in vitro fertilization is the proper assessment of embryo viability in order to select the embryo with the highest likelihood of resulting in a pregnancy. This study proposes a method based on CE with contactless conductivity detection for the determination of pyruvate and lactate in spent culture media used in human-assisted reproduction. A fused-silica capillary of 64.0 cm total length and 50 μm inner diameter was used. The inner capillary wall was modified by the coating of successive layers of the ionic polymers polybrene and dextran sulfate to reverse EOF. The BGE was composed of 10 mM MES/lithium hydroxide, pH 6.50. The sample was injected by pressure 50 mbar for 18 s, separation voltage was set to -24 kV, and capillary temperature to 15°C. The presented method requires only 2 μL of the culture medium, with LODs for pyruvate and lactate of 0.03 and 0.02 μM, respectively. The results demonstrated the method's suitability for the analysis of spent culture media to support embryo viability assessment by light microscopy, providing information about key metabolites of the energy metabolism of a developing embryo.

• MeSH
• asistovaná reprodukce * MeSH
• biologické markery analýza   MeSH
• elektrická vodivost MeSH
• elektroforéza kapilární metody   MeSH
• embryo savčí * MeSH
• kultivační média MeSH
• kyselina mléčná analýza   MeSH
• kyselina pyrohroznová analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• limita detekce MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• elektrická vodivost MeSH
• iontové kanály MeSH
• lipidové dvojvrstvy MeSH
• molekulární modely MeSH
• stafylokokový toxoid farmakologie   MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH

A novel, easy to use and portable capillary electrophoretic instrument for injection of small volumes of biological fluids equipped with contactless conductivity detection was constructed. The instrument is lightweight (<5 kg), all necessary parts including a tablet computer are accommodated in a plastic briefcase with dimensions 20 cm × 33 cm × 17 cm (w × l × h), allows hydrodynamic injection of small sample volumes and can continuously operate for at least 10 hours. The semi-automated hydrodynamic sample injection is accomplished via a specially designed PMMA interface that is able to repeatedly inject sample aliquots from a sample volume as low as 10 μL, with repeatability of peak areas below 5%. The developed interface and the instrument were optimized for the injection of biological fluids. Practical utility was demonstrated on the determination of formate in blood serum samples from acute methanol intoxication patients and on the analysis of ionic profile (nitrosative stress markers, including nitrite and nitrate) in the exhaled breath condensate from one single exhalation.

• MeSH
• dechové testy MeSH
• dusičnany analýza   MeSH
• dusitany analýza   MeSH
• elektroforéza kapilární přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• feces chemie   MeSH
• formiáty krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methanol otrava   MeSH
• tělesné tekutiny chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

In this study, the ionic profile and pH of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in a group of patients with acid and weakly acid reflux and no-reflux controls were compared. A portable sampler was used for non-invasive EBC collection from five exhalations. The ionic profile (anions, cations, organic acids) and pH of the collected EBC samples were measured by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection and a pH microelectrode, respectively. Several ions were elevated in the patient groups. Sodium cation was elevated in weakly acid reflux (significance level p < 0.01) and acid reflux (p < 0.05) compared to no-reflux controls. Butyrate and propionate were elevated in both acid reflux and weakly acid reflux compared to no-reflux controls (butyrate: p < 0.01, propionate: p < 0.05). The median values of pH (after de-aeration with N2) were also significantly higher (p < 0.01) in groups with acid reflux and weakly acid reflux than in the control group with no reflux. The ionic analysis and simultaneous pH measurement offer a simple, cheap, fast, and non-invasive approach in gastroesophageal reflux disease diagnostics.

• MeSH
• butyráty analýza   MeSH
• dechové testy metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroforéza kapilární metody   MeSH
• gastroezofageální reflux diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• ionty analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• propionáty analýza   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sodík analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• anestetika lokální analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• fyzikální chemie MeSH
• vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH