Sleep and light education (SLE) combined with relaxation is a potential method of addressing sleep and affective problems in older people. 47 participants took part in a four-week sleep education program. SLE was conducted once a week for 60-90 minutes. Participants were instructed on sleep and light hygiene, sleep processes, and practiced relaxation techniques. Participants were wearing actigraphs for 6 weeks, completed daily sleep diaries, and wore blue light-blocking glasses 120 minutes before bedtime. Measures included scores of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and actigraphy measurements of sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and sleep fragmentation. Sleep quality increased after SLE based on the subjective assessment and in the objective measurement with actigraphy. PSQI scores were statistically reduced indicating better sleep. Scores after the intervention significantly decreased in ESS and ISS. Sleep latency significantly decreased, whereas sleep efficiency and fragmentation index (%), did not improve. Mood significantly improved after SLE, with lower scores on the BDI-II and STAI. SLE combined with relaxation proved to be an effective method to reduce sleep problems and the incidence of depressive and anxiety symptoms.

• MeSH
• afekt * fyziologie   MeSH
• aktigrafie MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus fyziologie   MeSH
• deprese MeSH
• kvalita spánku MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• relaxace fyziologie   MeSH
• relaxační terapie metody   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spánek * fyziologie   MeSH
• světlo MeSH
• úzkost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Social defeat stress affects behavior and changes the expression of the genes underlying neuronal plasticity in the brain. The circadian clock regulates most neuronal processes in the brain, which results in daily variations of complex behavior, and any disturbance in circadian clock oscillations increases the risk of mood and cognitive disbalance. In this study, we assessed the effect of acute and repeated social defeat stress on Per2 and Nr1d1 expression in prefrontal cortexes, hippocampi, pineal glands, olfactory bulbs, cerebella, and pituitary glands. We also evaluated the effect of our experimental setting on levels of Bdnf and plasma corticosterone, two markers widely used to asses the impact of stress on mammalian physiology. Our data show that single and repeated social defeat stress upregulates the expression of both clock genes and Bdnf in all brain structures, and corticosterone in the blood. While the general pattern of Bdnf upregulation suggests higher sensitivity in the intruder group, the clock genes are induced more significantly in residents, especially by repeated stress sessions. Our work thus suggests that the model of stress-induced anxiety and depression should consider a group of residents because, for some parameters, they may respond more distinctively than intruders.LAY SUMMARYThe resident/intruder experimental paradigm affects the expression of clock genes Per2, Nr1d1and Bdnf in the brain structures and plasma corticosterone level. The induction of clock genes is evident in both experimental groups; however, it is more marked in residents. Together with the significant increase in Bdnf levels in the majority of brain structures and plasma corticosterone in residents, our data suggest that in the model of social defeat stress, the utility of an experimental group of residents could be contributive.

• MeSH
• kortikosteron MeSH
• mozek metabolismus   MeSH
• mozkový neurotrofický faktor * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• proteiny CLOCK * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• psychický stres * genetika   MeSH
• sociální chování MeSH
• sociální porážka MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Circadian clocks regulate multiple physiological domains from molecular to behavioral levels and adjust bodily physiology to seasonal changes in day length. Circadian regulation of cellular bioenergy and immunity in the cardiovascular and muscle systems may underpin the individual diurnal differences in performance capacity during exercise. Several studies have shown diurnal differences in cardiopulmonary parameters at maximal and submaximal workloads in morning and evening circadian human phenotypes. However, the effect of seasons on these changes was not elucidated. In this study, we recruited subjects with Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire scores corresponding to morning and evening types. Subjects underwent morning (7:00-9:00) and evening (20:00-22:00) maximal workload spiroergometry in both winter and summer seasons. We analyzed their performance time, anaerobic threshold, heart rate, and respiratory parameters. Our results suggest that evening types manifest diurnal variations in physical performance, particularly in winter. They also have slower heart rate recovery than morning types, irrespective of the time of day or season. Compared to winter, the chronotype effect on the magnitude of morning-evening differences in performance time, maximal heart rate, and anaerobic threshold onset was more significant in summer. Our data are in concordance with previous observations and confirm the difference between morning and evening types in the timing of maximum performance capacity.

• MeSH
• cirkadiánní hodiny * MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus * MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• roční období MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

The CB1 cannabinoid receptors have been found in the rodent suprachiasmatic nucleus, and their activation suppresses the light-induced phase shift in locomotor rhythmicity of mice and hamsters. Here, we show that the CB1 receptor agonist CP55940 significantly attenuates the light-induced phase delay in rats as well. Furthermore, it blocks the light induction of c-Fos and light-induced downregulation of pERK1/2 in the SCN, and the CB1 antagonist AM251 prevents the photic induction of pERK1/2 and reduces pGSK3β after photic stimulation. Our data suggest that the modulation of the cannabinoid receptor activity may affect the photic entrainment via the setting of the SCN sensitivity to light.

• MeSH
• agonisté kanabinoidních receptorů farmakologie   MeSH
• antagonisté kanabinoidních receptorů farmakologie   MeSH
• cyklohexanoly farmakologie   MeSH
• nucleus suprachiasmaticus účinky léků   fyziologie   účinky záření   MeSH
• piperidiny farmakologie   MeSH
• pohybová aktivita účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• pyrazoly farmakologie   MeSH
• světlo MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in the expression of clock genes and melatonin levels in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) as a potential early stage of synucleinopathies. METHODS: We assessed the rhythmicity of circadian clock genes using real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and 24-h blood melatonin profiles using radio-immunoassay in 10 RBD patients and nine age-matched controls. RESULTS: The RBD patients did not show circadian rhythmicity for clock genes Per2, Bmal1, and Nr1d1 but the rhythmicity of Per 1 remained, and the amplitude of Per3 was diminished. The 24-h melatonin rhythm did not differ between RBD patients and healthy control subjects. Melatonin profile in RBD patients was delayed by 2 h compared to controls, the habitual sleep phases were phase delayed by about 1 h, however no phase shift occurred in any of the clock genes studied. The control group had stable acrophases of melatonin rhythms of approximately 5 h whereas the RBD patients had a more dispersed range over 11 h. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that RBD could be associated with altered expression of clock genes and delayed melatonin secretion. Thus, we argue that circadian system dysregulation could play a role in RBD.

• MeSH
• cirkadiánní proteiny Period genetika   MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus genetika   MeSH
• exprese genu * MeSH
• jaderné receptory - podrodina 1, skupina D, člen 1 genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melatonin krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• polysomnografie MeSH
• porucha chování v REM spánku genetika   MeSH
• proteiny CLOCK genetika   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stadia spánku genetika   MeSH
• transkripční faktory ARNTL genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins regulate many aspects of cellular physiology from growth and differentiations to immune responses. Using immunohistochemistry, we show the daily rhythm of STAT3 protein in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), with low but significant amplitude peaking in the morning. We also reveal the strong expression of STAT5A in astrocytes of the SCN and the STAT5B signal in nonastrocytic cells. Administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) acutely induced phosphorylation of STAT3 on Tyr705 during both the day and the night and induced phosphorylation on Ser727 but only after the daytime application. The LPS-induced phospho-STAT3 (Tyr705) remained elevated for 24 hr after the daytime application but declined within 8 hr when LPS was applied at night.

• MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus účinky léků   MeSH
• fosforylace účinky léků   MeSH
• gliový fibrilární kyselý protein metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy farmakologie   MeSH
• nucleus suprachiasmaticus cytologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• regulace genové exprese účinky léků   MeSH
• transkripční faktor STAT3 metabolismus   MeSH
• transkripční faktor STAT5 metabolismus   MeSH
• tyrosin-3-monooxygenasa metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• hodinové geny,
• MeSH
• biologické hodiny fyziologie   genetika   MeSH
• bipolární porucha farmakoterapie   MeSH
• chlorid lithný farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• cirkadiánní proteiny Period genetika   MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus * fyziologie   genetika   MeSH
• depresivní poruchy farmakoterapie   MeSH
• epigenomika MeSH
• ketamin farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melatonin metabolismus   MeSH
• mikro RNA MeSH
• poruchy cirkadiánního rytmu (spánek) MeSH
• poruchy nálady * etiologie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• proteiny CLOCK genetika   MeSH
• schizofrenie * etiologie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• sliny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• spánková deprivace MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Dexras1 has been shown to exhibit clock-dependent rhythm in mice suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and its genetic deletion modulates circadian responses to photic and nonphotic cues. We show that the rhythmic expression of Dexras1 mRNA and protein in rat SCN already oscillates with low amplitude at postnatal day 3 and can be detected as early as embryonic day 20. In contrast, its expression in peripheral tissues is not rhythmic in adult rats either. The Dexras1 protein is expressed predominantly in the dorsomedial part of the SCN and the light pulse has only a limited effect on its expression. Our data provide the descriptive basis for speculation about the Dexras1 involvement in the rat circadian physiology.

• MeSH
• biologické hodiny fyziologie   MeSH
• cirkadiánní proteiny Period metabolismus   MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus fyziologie   MeSH
• messenger RNA metabolismus   MeSH
• nucleus suprachiasmaticus fyziologie   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• ras proteiny genetika   MeSH
• světelná stimulace metody   MeSH
• světlo MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH