OBJECTIVES: Hearing impairment can have major impacts on behavior, educational attainment, social status, and quality of life. In congenital hypothyroidism, the incidence of hearing impairment reaches 35-50%, while in acquired hypothyroidism there is a reported incidence of 25%. Despite this, knowledge of the pathogenesis, incidence and severity of hearing impairment remains greatly lacking. The aim of our study was to evaluate hearing in patients with acquired hypothyroidism. METHODS: 30 patients with untreated and newly diagnosed peripheral hypothyroidism (H) and a control group of 30 healthy probands (C) were enrolled in the study. Biochemical markers were measured, including median iodine urine concentrations (IUC) μg/L. The hearing examination included a subjective complaint assessment, otomicroscopy, tympanometry, transitory otoacoustic emission (TOAE), tone audiometry, and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BERA) examinations. The Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's Exact test and multivariate regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The H and C groups had significantly different thyroid hormone levels (medians with 95% CI) TSH mU/L 13.3 (8.1, 19.3) vs. 1.97 (1.21, 2.25) p = 0 and fT4 pmol/L 10.4 (9.51, 11.1) vs. 15 (13.8, 16.7) p = 0. The groups did not significantly differ in age 39 (34, 43) vs. 41 (36,44) p = 0.767 and IUC 142 (113, 159) vs. 123 (101, 157) p = 0.814. None of the hearing examinations showed differences between the H and C groups: otomicroscopy (p = 1), tympanometry (p = 1), TOAE (p = 1), audiometry (p = 0.179), and BERA (p = 0.505). CONCLUSIONS: We did not observe any hearing impairment in adults with acquired hypothyroidism, and there were no associations found between hearing impairment and the severity of hypothyroidism or iodine status. However, some forms of hearing impairment, mostly mild, were very common in both studied groups.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hypotyreóza * komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- jod * moč MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nedoslýchavost * MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Maternal urinary iodine concentration and blood neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration reflect iodine status in pregnancy and serve as markers of iodine deficiency. As dietary measures in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) could affect iodine intake, our study aimed to investigate iodine supply in women with GDM compared to healthy pregnant women and to evaluate its relationship to maternal and neonatal thyroid function. METHODS: Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and serum TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), and autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) were analyzed in 195 women with GDM and 88 healthy pregnant women in the second trimester. Subsequently, neonatal TSH concentrations measured 72 h after delivery in a subgroup of 154 newborns (115 of mothers with GDM and 39 controls) from the national register were analyzed. RESULTS: Median UIC was significantly lower in women with GDM compared to controls (89.50 μg/L vs. 150.05 μg/L; P < 0.001). Optimal iodine intake was found only in nine women with GDM (4.6%) and 33 healthy pregnant women (37.5%) (P < 0.001). Most pregnant women with GDM (88.7%) compared to one half of controls (50%) had iodine deficiency (P < 0.001). Although serum TSH and the prevalence of hypothyroidism (TSH > 4.0 mIU/L) were not different in both groups, hypothyroxinaemia was more prevalent in GDM compared to controls (12.3% vs 3.4%, P = 0.032). Consistently, neonatal TSH > 5.0 mIU/L indicating iodine deficiency, was found in 6 (5.2%) newborns of women with GDM as compared to none in controls. In women with GDM, the prevalence of perinatal complications was significantly lower in those who were taking dietary iodine supplements compared to those who were not (3/39 (7.69%) vs 46/156 (28.85%), P <0.001). In the multiple logistic and linear regression models in women with GDM, hypothyroxinaemia was associated with preterm births, and a negative association of serum FT4 and HbA1c was found. CONCLUSION: Iodine deficiency in pregnancy was more prevalent among women with GDM compared to healthy pregnant controls. Serum FT4 negatively correlated with HbA1c, and hypothyroxinaemia was associated with preterm births in women with GDM. Conversely, women with GDM who used dietary iodine supplements had a lower risk of perinatal complications.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Hyperthyroxinemie je stav, kdy hodnoty TSH v krvi jsou v normálním referenčním rozmezí, ale hodnoty thyroxinu jsou vyšší než refe‐ renční rozmezí. Na základě statistického vyhodnocení výsledků diagnostiky štítné žlázy získaných v Endokrinologickém ústavu v Praze v období 2003 – 2022, které byly stanoveny pomocí imunoanalytických systémů firmy Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Německo pracujících v režimu ECLIA (elektrochemiluminiscenční imunoanalýza), jsme zjistili relativně vysoký výskyt hyperthyroxinémie, jejíž hodnota byla 6,7 % z celkem 604792 stanovení, kde TSH byl normální. Hyperthyroxinemie v systému TSH‐FT4 je často způsobena podáním levo‐ thyroxinu krátce před tyreoidální analýzou krve. Hyperthyroxinemie je způsobena také přítomností endogenních autoprotilátek vůči T4 především u pacientů s autoimunním onemocněním štítné žlázy. Frekvence výskytu hypertyroxinémie z ostatních příčin není tak závažná.
Hyperthyroxinemia is a condition in which the TSH values in the blood are within the normal reference range, but the thyroxine values are higher than the reference range. Based on the statistical evaluation of thyroid diagnostic results obtained at the Institute of Endocri‐ nology in Prague in the period 2003 – 2022, which were determined using immunoanalytical systems from Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Germany operating in the ECLIA (electrochemiluminescence immunoassay) mode, we found a relatively high incidence of hyperthyroxi‐ nemia, the value of which was 6.7 % out of a total of 604792 determinations where TSH was normal. Hyperthyroxinemia in the TSH‐FT4 system is often caused by administration of levothyroxine shortly before thyroid blood analysis. Hyperthyroxinemia is also caused by the presence of endogenous autoantibodies against T4, especially in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. The frequency of occurren‐ ce of hyperthyroxinemia from other causes is not as serious.
- MeSH
- hormony štítné žlázy krev MeSH
- hypertyroxinemie * epidemiologie etiologie krev MeSH
- imunoanalýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci štítné žlázy diagnóza klasifikace krev MeSH
- protilátky krev MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- thyreotropin krev MeSH
- thyroxin krev MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Amiodarone seems to exhibit some antiviral activity in the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Here we have examined the SARS-CoV-2 disease course in the entire population of the Czech Republic and compared it with the course of the disease in patients treated with amiodarone in two major Prague's hospitals. In the whole population of the Czech Republic SARS-CoV-2 infected 1665070 persons (15.6 %) out of 10694000 (100 %) between 1 April 2020 and 30 June 2021. In the same time period only 35 patients (3.4 %) treated with amiodarone were infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus out of 1032 patients (100 %) who received amiodarone. It appears that amiodarone can prevent SARS-CoV-2 virus infection by multiple mechanisms. In in-vitro experiments it exhibits SARS-CoV-2 virus replication inhibitions. Due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, it may have beneficial effect on the complications caused by SARS-CoV-2 as well. Additionally, inorganic iodine released from amiodarone can be converted to hypoiodite (IO-), which has antiviral and antibacterial activity, and thus can affect the life cycle of the virus.
- MeSH
- amiodaron * farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- antivirové látky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Nedostatek jodu je celosvětově jedním z hlavních problémů, který dopadá na veřejné zdraví. Den jodu – 6. březen – je věnován odborné i neodborné veřejnosti s cílem zlepšit obecné povědomí o této problematice. Jodový nedostatek je nejčastější, a přitom preventabilní příčinou nevratného poškození mozku dětí. Následně zásadně ovlivňuje sociální a ekonomický rozvoj jednotlivých zemí. Právě proto je důležité pravidelně a systematicky monitorovat zásobení jodem.
Iodine deficiency is one of the main problems affecting public health worldwide. March 6th is the day of iodine that is dedicated to the professional and non‑professional public to improve general awareness of this issue. Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of irreversible brain damage in children that can be avoided. Subsequently, it fundamentally affects the social and economic development of individual countries. Therefore, it is important to regularly and systematically monitor the iodine supply.
- Klíčová slova
- EUthyroid UIC,
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hypotyreóza diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
- jod * dějiny moč nedostatek zásobování a distribuce MeSH
- kongenitální hypotyreóza diagnóza prevence a kontrola MeSH
- kuchyňská sůl normy MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- novorozenecký screening dějiny metody MeSH
- plošný screening metody MeSH
- prenatální péče metody MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
Iodine is essential in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones that affect metabolic processes in the organism from the prenatal state to the elderly. The immediate indicator of iodine intake is the concentration of iodine in urine, but the indicator of iodine intake in the longer term of several months is thyroglobulin (Tg). Tg negatively correlated with increasing intake of iodine in population that do not suffer from thyroid disease, while a more than adequate to excessive iodine intake leads to an increase in Tg. The dependence of Tg on iodine can be described by a U-shaped curve. Thyroglobulin in serum is elevated in thyroid disease mainly in hyperthyroidism (diagnosis E05 of WHO ICD-10 codes) and in goiter (diagnosis E04 of WHO ICD-10 codes). Tg values decrease below 20 microg/l after effective treatment of patients with thyroid disease. Thyroglobulin may thus be an indicator of thyroid stabilization and the success of the thyroid gland treatment.
- MeSH
- jod aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci štítné žlázy chemicky indukované metabolismus patologie MeSH
- štítná žláza účinky léků metabolismus patologie MeSH
- thyreoglobulin metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Background: Knowledge about the population's iodine status is important, because it allows adjustment of iodine supply and prevention of iodine deficiency. The validity and comparability of iodine-related population studies can be improved by standardization, which was one of the goals of the EUthyroid project. The aim of this study was to establish the first standardized map of iodine status in Europe by using standardized urinary iodine concentration (UIC) data. Materials and Methods: We established a gold-standard laboratory in Helsinki measuring UIC by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A total of 40 studies from 23 European countries provided 75 urine samples covering the whole range of concentrations. Conversion formulas for UIC derived from the gold-standard values were established by linear regression models and were used to postharmonize the studies by standardizing the UIC data of the individual studies. Results: In comparison with the EUthyroid gold-standard, mean UIC measurements were higher in 11 laboratories and lower in 10 laboratories. The mean differences ranged from -36.6% to 49.5%. Of the 40 postharmonized studies providing data for the standardization, 16 were conducted in schoolchildren, 13 in adults, and 11 in pregnant women. Median standardized UIC was <100 μg/L in 1 out of 16 (6.3%) studies in schoolchildren, while in adults 7 out of 13 (53.8%) studies had a median standardized UIC <100 μg/L. Seven out of 11 (63.6%) studies in pregnant women revealed a median UIC <150 μg/L. Conclusions: We demonstrate that iodine deficiency is still present in Europe, using standardized data from a large number of studies. Adults and pregnant women, particularly, are at risk for iodine deficiency, which calls for action. For instance, a more uniform European legislation on iodine fortification is warranted to ensure that noniodized salt is replaced by iodized salt more often. In addition, further efforts should be put on harmonizing iodine-related studies and iodine measurements to improve the validity and comparability of results.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- fortifikované potraviny MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie metody MeSH
- jod nedostatek moč MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lineární modely MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nutriční stav MeSH
- regresní analýza MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- těhotné ženy MeSH
- zeměpis MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
- Finsko MeSH
