Aims: We aimed to compare patients' quality of life (QoL) after two types of atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment: a hybrid ablation strategy and a surgical CryoMaze procedure alone. Methods and results: Patients with non-paroxysmal AF undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valve repair/replacement with concomitant CryoMaze procedure were randomly assigned to undergo either radiofrequency catheter ablation after three months (Hybrid Group) or no further treatment (Surgery Group). QoL was compared using the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality of Life (AFEQT) questionnaire. The AFEQT score was converted to the scale of 0 to 100 per cent points, i.e., a score of 0 corresponds to complete disability (or responding "extremely" limited, difficult, or bothersome to all questions answered), and a score of 100 corresponds to no disability (or responding "not at all" limited, difficult, or bothersome to all questions answered). In 106 Hybrid Group patients and 109 Surgery Group patients, both baseline and 12-month AFEQT data were available for final analysis. Patients' QoL did not differ between the Hybrid and Surgery Groups at baseline. At 12 months post-procedure, QoL improved significantly in both groups (from 61.9 ± 16.3 to 86.5 ± 13.4 and from 58.6 ± 14.9 to 81.5 ± 16.7 in the Hybrid Group and Surgery Group, respectively, P < 0.001). The 12-month AFEQT score was significantly higher in the Hybrid Group compared to the Surgery Group (P = 0.017). In an analysis based on AF recurrence, the QoL at 12 months was significantly higher in patients without AF recurrences compared to patients with AF recurrences (86.2 ± 14.0 vs 80.2 ± 16.8, P = 0.005). Conclusion: Compared to the CryoMaze procedure alone, the hybrid ablation strategy was associated with higher QoL 12 months post-procedure in patients with non-paroxysmal AF undergoing cardiac surgery for structural heart disease. Arrhythmia recurrence was the most significant denominator of the QoL after concomitant AF surgery.

• Klíčová slova
• CryoMaze,
• MeSH
• fibrilace síní * chirurgie   MeSH
• kardiochirurgické výkony metody   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace metody   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• koronární bypass metody   MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• maze procedura * metody   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

AIMS: Data on the hybrid atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment are lacking in patients with structural heart disease undergoing concomitant CryoMaze procedures. The aim was to assess whether the timely pre-emptive catheter ablation would achieve higher freedom from AF or atrial tachycardia (AT) and be associated with better clinical outcomes than surgical ablation alone. METHODS AND RESULTS: The trial investigated patients with non-paroxysmal AF undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valve repair/replacement with mandatory concomitant CryoMaze procedure who were randomly assigned to undergo either radiofrequency catheter ablation [Hybrid Group (HG)] or no further treatment (Surgery Group). The primary efficacy endpoint was the first recurrence of AF/AT without class I or III antiarrhythmic drugs as assessed by implantable cardiac monitors. The primary clinical endpoint was a composite of hospitalization for arrhythmia recurrence, worsening of heart failure, cardioembolic event, or major bleeding. We analysed 113 and 116 patients in the Hybrid and Surgery Groups, respectively, with a median follow-up of 715 (IQR: 528-1072) days. The primary efficacy endpoint was significantly reduced in the HG [41.1% vs. 67.4%, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.26-0.57, P < 0.001] as well as the primary clinical endpoint (19.9% vs. 40.1%, HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.29-0.86, P = 0.012). The trial groups did not differ in all-cause mortality (10.6% vs. 8.6%, HR = 1.17, 95%CI: 0.51-2.71, P = 0.71). The major complications of catheter ablation were infrequent (1.9%). CONCLUSION: Pre-emptively performed catheter ablation after the CryoMaze procedure was safe and associated with higher freedom from AF/AT and improved clinical outcomes.

• MeSH
• antiarytmika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• fibrilace síní * diagnóza   chirurgie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• krvácení MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• supraventrikulární tachykardie * chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

PURPOSE: Post-operative atrial fibrillation (PoAF) occurs in ~ 30% of patients after cardiac surgery. The etiology of PoAF is complex, but a disbalance in autonomic systems plays an important role. The goal of this study was to assess whether pre-operative heart rate variability analysis can predict the risk of PoAF. METHODS: Patients without a history of AF with an indication for cardiac surgery were included. Two-hour ECG recordings one day before surgery was used for the HRV analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, including all HRV parameters, their combination, and clinical variables, were calculated to find the best predictive model for post-operative AF. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-seven patients (33 women) were enrolled in the study. PoAF occurred in 48 patients (35%, AF group); the remaining 89 patients were in the NoAF group. AF patients were significantly older (69.1 ± 8.6 vs. 63.4 ± 10.5 yrs., p = 0.002), and had higher CHA2DS2-VASc score (3 ± 1.4 vs. 2.5 ± 1.3, p = 0.01). In the multivariate regression model, parameters independently associated with higher risk of AF were pNN50, TINN, absolute power VLF, LF and HF, total power, SD2, and the Porta index. A combination of clinical variables with HRV parameters in the ROC analysis achieved an AUC of 0.86, a sensitivity of 0.95, and a specificity of 0.57 and was more effective in PoAF prediction than a combination of clinical variables alone. CONCLUSION: A combination of several HRV parameters is helpful in predicting the risk of PoAF. Attenuation of heart rate variability increases the risk for PoAF.

• MeSH
• fibrilace síní * diagnóza   epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• kardiochirurgické výkony * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pooperační komplikace diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• ROC křivka MeSH
• srdeční frekvence fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation is common in patients with structural heart disease who are undergoing cardiac surgery. Surgical CryoMaze has been shown to be an effective treatment in several trials, but success rates have varied considerably, between 47-95%. The sequential hybrid approach, combining surgical CryoMaze followed by radiofrequency catheter ablation, can achieve high freedom from atrial arrhythmias. However, in patients with concomitant surgical atrial fibrillation treatment, data comparing the hybrid approach to CryoMaze alone are lacking. METHODS: The SurHyb study was designed as a prospective, open-label, multicentre randomized trial. Patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation who were scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting or valve repair/replacement were randomized to either surgical CryoMaze alone or surgical CryoMaze followed by radiofrequency catheter ablation 3 months post-surgery. The primary outcome measure was arrhythmia-free survival without class I or III antiarrhythmic drugs, which has been evaluated using implantable cardiac monitors. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first randomized study that compares concomitant surgical CryoMaze alone with the staged hybrid surgical CryoMaze followed by catheter ablation, in patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using rigorous rhythm monitoring. The results may contribute to the optimization of the treatment in patients undergoing concomitant CryoMaze for atrial fibrillation.

• MeSH
• antiarytmika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• fibrilace síní * chirurgie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• kardiochirurgické výkony * metody   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multicentrické studie jako téma MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• protokol klinické studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: Surgical occlusion of the left atrial appendage has been hypothesized to prevent ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation, but this has not been proved. The procedure can be performed during cardiac surgery undertaken for other reasons. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, randomized trial involving participants with atrial fibrillation and a CHA2DS2-VASc score of at least 2 (on a scale from 0 to 9, with higher scores indicating greater risk of stroke) who were scheduled to undergo cardiac surgery for another indication. The participants were randomly assigned to undergo or not undergo occlusion of the left atrial appendage during surgery; all the participants were expected to receive usual care, including oral anticoagulation, during follow-up. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ischemic stroke (including transient ischemic attack with positive neuroimaging) or systemic embolism. The participants, research personnel, and primary care physicians (other than the surgeons) were unaware of the trial-group assignments. RESULTS: The primary analysis population included 2379 participants in the occlusion group and 2391 in the no-occlusion group, with a mean age of 71 years and a mean CHA2DS2-VASc score of 4.2. The participants were followed for a mean of 3.8 years. A total of 92.1% of the participants received the assigned procedure, and at 3 years, 76.8% of the participants continued to receive oral anticoagulation. Stroke or systemic embolism occurred in 114 participants (4.8%) in the occlusion group and in 168 (7.0%) in the no-occlusion group (hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.53 to 0.85; P = 0.001). The incidence of perioperative bleeding, heart failure, or death did not differ significantly between the trial groups. CONCLUSIONS: Among participants with atrial fibrillation who had undergone cardiac surgery, most of whom continued to receive ongoing antithrombotic therapy, the risk of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism was lower with concomitant left atrial appendage occlusion performed during the surgery than without it. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; LAAOS III ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01561651.).

• MeSH
• antikoagulancia terapeutické užití   MeSH
• aplikace orální MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• embolie epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• fibrilace síní farmakoterapie   chirurgie   MeSH
• kardiochirurgické výkony MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• peroperační komplikace epidemiologie   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace epidemiologie   MeSH
• riziko MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• síňové ouško chirurgie   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia with a prevalence of 1-2% in general population. It increases the risk of cardioembolic events and decreases the stroke volume with related symptoms. Recent studies present the hybrid ablation, i.e. combination of surgical, miniinvasive ablation (creation of box-lesion on posterior left atrial wall) with subsequent catheter ablation (box-lesion completion, other ablation), as a new and promising method of treatment of persistent and long-standing persistent, lone AF. However, no clinical study has precisely assessed its both efficacy and safety. The aim of the project is to assess the efficacy of the procedure exactly using an insertable cardiac monitor as the most precise way of rhythm evaluation. Other aim is to evaluate precisely the safety of the procedure. Clinical parameters will be assessed and also the rate and clinical relevance of cerebral microembolism, using a transcranial Doppler during the ablation and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological assessment before and after the ablation.

Fibrilace síní je (FS) nejčastěji se vyskytující srdeční arytmií s prevalencí 1-2% v celkové populaci. Je spojena s rizikem kardioembolizační příhody a snížením minutového srdečního výdeje s odpovídajícími symptomy. Hybridní ablace, tj. kombinace kardiochirurgické, miniinvazivní ablace (vytvoření box-léze na zadní stěně levé síně) s následnou katetrizační ablací (kompletizace boxu, event.další ablace), představuje dle velmi recentních studií novou a nadějnou metodu léčby zejména perzistentní a dlouhodobě perzistentní, izolované FS. Studie, která by precizně zhodnotila jak úspěšnost, tak bezpečnost hybridní ablace dosud provedena nebyla. Cílem projektu je přesně stanovit účinnost hybridní ablace pomocí implantabilního EKG záznamníku, jakožto suverénně nejpřesnější metody monitorace rytmu. Dalším cílem je precizně stanovit bezpečnost metody. Kromě klinických parametrů půjde o stanovení četnosti a klinické závažnosti mozkových mikroembolizací pomocí vyšetření transkraniálním Dopplerem během ablace a magnetickou rezonancí mozku a neuropsychologickým vyšetřením před a po zákroku.

• MeSH
• ablace metody   MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• elektrokardiografie MeSH
• fibrilace síní chirurgie   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• hrudní chirurgie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• hodnotící studie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• kardiochirurgie
• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR

BACKGROUND: Hybrid ablation (i.e., a combination of a thoracoscopic surgical ablation followed by a catheter ablation) is a treatment option for patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Despite its promising efficacy, it is a surgical procedure with a relatively high risk of complications that could affect the quality of life (QoL) of patients, even when sinus rhythm is restored. OBJECTIVE: To describe changes in the QoL of patients with non-paroxysmal AF before and after a hybrid ablation. METHODS: Patients after hybrid ablation for persistent or long-standing persistent AF were prospectively studied. Follow-up visits were scheduled at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The maintenance of SR was assessed using 1-week Holter recordings at 6 and 12 months and 24-h Holter recordings at 3 and 9 months, or via an implantable loop recorder. QoL was assessed using the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality-of-life (AFEQT) and the EuroQoL-5Dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaires before and 12 months after ablation. RESULTS: Seventy-five patients (49 men, age 62.9 ± 8.45 years, 48 (64%) with long-standing persistent AF) were enrolled. Fifty-two (69.3%, SR group) were AF-free during the 12-month follow-up, 16 (21.3%, PAROX group) had only paroxysms of AF after ablation, and 7 (9.3%, PERM group) were on rate control due to permanent AF reoccurrence. The AFEQT score increased significantly in the SR group from 59.9 ± 19.4 to 91.4 ± 10.8 (p < 0.001), and in the PAROX group from 58.8 ± 19.0 to 81.5 ± 14.1 (p = 0.002) but remained unchanged in the PERM group (44.6 ± 7.5 vs. 47.4 ± 5.5, p = 0.24). The EQ-5D score significantly decreased in the descriptive part (from 7.90 ± 2.61 to 6.64 ± 1.90, p = 0.0001) and increased on the visual analog scale (from 63.56 ± 19.11 to 79.30 ± 16.9, p < 0.0001) in the SR group. In the PAROX group, no significant change was present on either the descriptive part (p = 0.3) or in the visual analog scale (p = 0.48). Similarly, no significant changes were present on either the descriptive part (p = 0.93) or the visual analog scale (p = 0.4) in the PERM group. CONCLUSION: The QoL of patients with non-paroxysmal AF and patients with AF paroxysms, after successful hybrid ablation, improved significantly in patients with SR. No significant improvement was present in patients on rate control after an unsuccessful ablation.

• MeSH
• elektrokardiografie ambulantní MeSH
• fibrilace síní chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace metody   MeSH
• kvalita života * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• torakoskopie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Impaired myocardial bioenergetics is a hallmark of many cardiac diseases. There is a need of a simple and reproducible method of assessment of mitochondrial function from small human myocardial tissue samples. In this study we adopted high-resolution respirometry to homogenates of fresh human cardiac muscle and compare it with isolated mitochondria. We used atria resected during cardiac surgery (n = 18) and atria and left ventricles from brain-dead organ donors (n = 12). The protocol we developed consisting of two-step homogenization and exposure of 2.5% homogenate in a respirometer to sequential addition of 2.5 mM malate, 15 mM glutamate, 2.5 mM ADP, 10 μM cytochrome c, 10 mM succinate, 2.5 μM oligomycin, 1.5 μM FCCP, 3.5 μM rotenone, 4 μM antimycin and 1 mM KCN or 100 mM Sodium Azide. We found a linear dependency of oxygen consumption on oxygen concentration. This technique requires < 20 mg of myocardium and the preparation of the sample takes <20 min. Mitochondria in the homogenate, as compared to subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar isolated mitochondria, have comparable or better preserved integrity of outer mitochondrial membrane (increase of respiration after addition of cytochrome c is up to 11.7±1.8% vs. 15.7±3.1%, p˂0.05 and 11.7±3.5%, p = 0.99, resp.) and better efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation (Respiratory Control Ratio = 3.65±0.5 vs. 3.04±0.27, p˂0.01 and 2.65±0.17, p˂0.0001, resp.). Results are reproducible with coefficient of variation between two duplicate measurements ≤8% for all indices. We found that whereas atrial myocardium contains less mitochondria than the ventricle, atrial bioenergetic profiles are comparable to left ventricle. In conclusion, high resolution respirometry has been adapted to homogenates of human cardiac muscle and shown to be reliable and reproducible.

• MeSH
• citrátsynthasa metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• energetický metabolismus MeSH
• kryoprezervace MeSH
• kyslík metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mastné kyseliny metabolismus   MeSH
• mitochondriální membrány metabolismus   MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční mitochondrie metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• perikard abnormality   MeSH
• perikardiální efuze etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• perikarditida etiologie   chirurgie   klasifikace   MeSH
• srdeční tamponáda etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• aorta patologie   zranění   MeSH
• dopravní nehody mortalita   MeSH
• iatrogenní nemoci MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• penetrující rány etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• poranění hrudníku etiologie   komplikace   mortalita   MeSH
• poranění srdce * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   klasifikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH