In this work, we have attempted to review the current knowledge on the impact of elevated CO2, O3, and UV on soils. Elevated CO2 increases labile and stabile soil C pool as well as efficiency of organic pollutants rhizoremediation and phytoextraction of heavy metals. Conversely, both elevated O3 and UV radiation decrease inputs of assimilates to the rhizosphere being accompanied by inhibitory effects on decomposition processes, rhizoremediation, and heavy metals phytoextraction efficiency. Contrary to elevated CO2, O3, or UV-B decreases soil microbial biomass, metabolisable C, and soil N t content leading to higher C/N of soil organic matter. Elevated UV-B radiation shifts soil microbial community and decreases populations of soil meso- and macrofauna via direct effect rather than by induced changes of litter quality and root exudation as in case of elevated CO2 or O3. CO2 enrichment or increased UV-B is hypothesised to stimulate or inhibit both plant and microbial competitiveness for soluble soil N, respectively, whereas O3 favours only microbial competitive efficiency. Understanding the consequences of elevated CO2, O3, and UV radiation for soils, especially those related to fertility, phytotoxins inputs, elements cycling, plant-microbe interactions, and decontamination of polluted sites, presents a knowledge gap for future research.
- MeSH
- oxid uhličitý chemie MeSH
- ozon chemie MeSH
- půda chemie MeSH
- ultrafialové záření * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Organic acids, vitamins, and carbohydrates represent important organic compounds in soil. Aliphatic, cyclic, and aromatic organic acids play important roles in rhizosphere ecology, pedogenesis, food-web interactions, and decontamination of sites polluted by heavy metals and organic pollutants. Carbohydrates in soils can be used to estimate changes of soil organic matter due to management practices, whereas vitamins may play an important role in soil biological and biochemical processes. The aim of this work is to review current knowledge on aliphatic, cyclic, and aromatic organic acids, vitamins, and carbohydrates in soil and to identify directions for future research. Assessments of organic acids (aliphatic, cyclic, and aromatic) and carbohydrates, including their behaviour, have been reported in many works. However, knowledge on the occurrence and behaviour of D-enantiomers of organic acids, which may be abundant in soil, is currently lacking. Also, identification of the impact and mechanisms of environmental factors, such as soil water content, on carbohydrate status within soil organic matter remains to be determined. Finally, the occurrence of vitamins in soil and their role in biological and biochemical soil processes represent an important direction for future research.
- MeSH
- akutní koronární syndrom MeSH
- inhibitory agregace trombocytů MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- koronární restenóza prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- stenty uvolňující léky normy škodlivé účinky využití MeSH
- transplantáty MeSH
- trombóza etiologie klasifikace MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], together with other serum lipoproteins have an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease. The objective of the study was to assess the association between plasma levels of Lp(a) with the extent of angiographically defined coronary artery disease (CAD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 518 consecutive patients (66 % males) underwent coronary angiography in connection with lipids and lipoprotein determinations between 1st January and 31st May 2010. Most of the patients were treated with lipid lowering therapy (77 % statins). Modified angiographic Gensini Score (GS) and adjusted angiographic score (AS) were used to reflect the extent of coronary atherosclerosis. RESULTS: Both GS and AS angiographic scores correlated significantly with age, male gender, statin therapy and inversely with left ventricular ejection fraction (p<0.05-0.01 for all). The results showed significant inverse correlation of HDL cholesterol levels with GS and AS (r=-0.16, p<0.001), and apolipoprotein A levels with GS and AS (r=-0.20, p<0.0001) and a positive correlation of Lp(a) levels with angiographic score (r=0.13, p<0.01) and with adjusted angiographic score (r=0.16, p<0.01). Regression analysis showed only Lp(a) concentration was an independent lipid factor that correlated with the extent of CAD. CONCLUSION: Only Lp(a) levels correlated with the extent of coronary artery disease as assessed with coronary angiography in patients treated with lipid lowering therapy.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dyslipidemie krev farmakoterapie epidemiologie MeSH
- hypolipidemika terapeutické užití MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipoprotein (a) krev MeSH
- logistické modely MeSH
- nemoci koronárních tepen krev farmakoterapie epidemiologie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The aim of this study is to present a new method for determining the root-derived extracellular acid phosphomonoesterase (EAPM) activity fraction within the total EAPM activity of soil. EAPM activity was determined for roots, organic and mineral soil. Samples were collected using paired PVC cylinders, inserted to a depth of 15 cm, within seven selected forest stands. Root-derived EAPM formed between 4 and18% of the total EAPM activity of soil from forests of differing maturity. A new approach, presented in this work, enables separation of root-derived EAPM activity from total soil EAPM. Separation of root-derived EAPM from soil provides a better understanding of its role in P-cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. The method presented in this work is a first step towards the separation of root- and microbe-derived EAPM in soils, which are thought to possess different kinetic properties and different sensitivity to environmental change.
- MeSH
- ekosystém MeSH
- fosfodiesterasa I analýza MeSH
- kořeny rostlin enzymologie MeSH
- půda chemie MeSH
- stromy enzymologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Strategie péče o nemocné s chronickými formami ischemické choroby srdeční je zaměřena zvláště na prevenci život ohrožujících příhod. Její hlavní část tvoří jednak farmakoterapie, a poté revaskularizace (jak intervenční, koronární angioplastikou, tak chirurgicky bypassem). Konzervativní postup v léčbě chronické stabilní ischemické choroby srdeční je možný pouze u vybrané skupiny nemocnýchs málo limitující symptomatologií (angina pectoris I–II. stupně), kteří dobře tolerují farmakologickou léčbu, nemají dysfunkci levé komory srdeční a při koronarografii nemají prognosticky významný nález na věnčitých tepnách. Pokroky v konzervativní i intervenčníterapii v posledních letech významně zlepšily prognózu této skupiny nemocných.
- MeSH
- antihypertenziva farmakologie klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- hypolipidemika farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory agregace trombocytů klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- ischemická choroba srdeční farmakoterapie metabolismus prevence a kontrola MeSH
- koronární nemoc komplikace terapie MeSH
- revaskularizace myokardu metody využití MeSH
- statiny klasifikace metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
