BACKGROUND: Extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma patients is an uncommon event occurring either at the time of diagnosis, or during disease progression/relapse. This manifestation is frequently associated with poor outcome and resistance to treatment. We evaluated chromosomal alterations of plasma cells of multiple myeloma patients with extramedullary relapse, either in the bone marrow (BM) or at extramedullary sites, and in previous BM collection by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-one patients [25 BM plasma cells (BMPCs), 18 extramedullary tumor plasma cells], of which 12 had paired samples of BM and extramedullary plasma cells and 14 had previous collection of BM, were investigated for the presence of chromosomal aberrations (CHAs): del(17)(p13), del(13)(q14), 14q32 disruption, t(4;14)(p16;q32), t(14;16)(q32;q23), gain(1)(q21), and hyperdiploidy status. RESULTS: Overall, in unrelated samples, t(4;14) was more prevalent in extramedullary plasma cells, and hyperdiploidy was more frequent in BMPCs. In paired samples, there was a higher frequency of del(13)(q14) and 14q32 disruption in BMPCs. Frequency of all studied CHAs was higher in BMPCs of extramedullary patients than in their previous sample collection. CONCLUSION: These data show that plasma cells harbor more aberrations during their transformation into extramedullary form.
- MeSH
- chromozomální aberace * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hybridizace in situ fluorescenční MeSH
- kostní dřeň patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom diagnóza genetika patologie MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- translokace genetická MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by accumulation of pathological plasma cells (PCs) in bone marrow (BM) as a result of deregulation of B-cell development. To clarify its pathophysiology it is necessary to investigate in detail the developmental stages of B-cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Enumeration of total CD19-positive (CD19(+)) cells and their subpopulations together with PCs was done in peripheral blood (PB) and BM of newly diagnosed monoclonal gammopathy patients and control subjects. Representation of subsets was compared among groups and relationships between subset percentage and cytogenetic/biochemical findings were analyzed. RESULTS: A lower number of total CD19(+) cells was found in MM, particularly in advanced stages of disease. Reduction of naive (P < .01) and transitional B-cells (P < .05) and increase of switched memory and switched CD27(-) B-cells and germinal center founder cells were detected in PB of MM compared with controls (P < .01). Similar results were found in BM. β2 microglobulin level in MM positively correlated with the number of PCs and negatively with percentage of naive B-cells (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Our results provided a detailed phenotypic profile and enumeration of B and PC subpopulations in monoclonal gammopathy patients. A reduced number of B-cells and particularly a differentiation shift to more numerous antigen-stimulated forms was observed in MM. This might indicate a potential source of myeloma-initiating cells in one of these subpopulations.
- MeSH
- antigeny povrchové metabolismus MeSH
- chromozomální aberace MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- imunofenotypizace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom diagnóza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- monoklonální gamapatie nejasného významu diagnóza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- paraproteinemie diagnóza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- podskupiny B-lymfocytů metabolismus patologie MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Even in the era of new drugs, multiple myeloma patients with extramedullary relapse have a poor prognosis. Our goal was to analyze the frequency and outcome of extramedullary relapse occurring in relapsed multiple myeloma patients. In total, we analyzed the prognosis of 226 relapsed multiple myeloma patients treated between 2005 and 2008 and evaluated them for presence of extramedullary relapse. We found evidence of extramedullary relapse in 24% (55 of 226) of relapsed multiple myeloma patients. In 14% (32 of 226) of patients, the lesions were not adjacent to the bone, while extramedullary relapse adjacent to the bone was documented in 10% (23 of 226) of cases. Patients without extramedullary relapse had significantly longer overall survival than patients with extramedullary relapse (109 vs. 38 months; P<0.001). Moreover, patients with soft tissue-related extramedullary relapse had significantly poorer overall survival compared to bone-related extramedullary relapse patients (30 vs. 45 months; P=0.022). Also, overall survival from diagnosis was as low as five months for soft tissue-related extramedullary relapse patients when compared to 12 months overall survival for bone-related extramedullary relapse. This is the first study that shows a significant difference in prognosis for different types of extramedullary relapse. If the extramedullary myeloma infiltration was not bone-related, overall survival after relapse was extremely short (5 months).
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom * MeSH
- nádory kostí * patologie sekundární mortalita MeSH
- nádory měkkých tkání mortalita MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- přežití po terapii bez příznaků nemoci MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Characteristic recurrent copy number aberrations (CNAs) play a key role in multiple myeloma (MM) pathogenesis and have important prognostic significance for MM patients. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) provides a powerful tool for genome-wide classification of CNAs and thus should be implemented into MM routine diagnostics. We demonstrate the possibility of effective utilization of oligonucleotide-based aCGH in 91 MM patients. Chromosomal aberrations associated with effect on the prognosis of MM were initially evaluated by I-FISH and were found in 93.4% (85/91). Incidence of hyperdiploidy was 49.5% (45/91); del(13)(q14) was detected in 57.1% (52/91); gain(1)(q21) occurred in 58.2% (53/91); del(17)(p13) was observed in 15.4% (14/91); and t(4;14)(p16;q32) was found in 18.6% (16/86). Genome-wide screening using Agilent 44K aCGH microarrays revealed copy number alterations in 100% (91/91). Most common deletions were found at 13q (58.9%), 1p (39.6%), and 8p (31.1%), whereas gain of whole 1q was the most often duplicated region (50.6%). Furthermore, frequent homozygous deletions of genes playing important role in myeloma biology such as TRAF3, BIRC1/BIRC2, RB1, or CDKN2C were observed. Taken together, we demonstrated the utilization of aCGH technique in clinical diagnostics as powerful tool for identification of unbalanced genomic abnormalities with prognostic significance for MM patients.
- MeSH
- celogenomová asociační studie * MeSH
- chromozomální aberace * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom diagnóza genetika MeSH
- nádorové proteiny genetika MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srovnávací genomová hybridizace metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignant disease of the terminal developmental stage of B-lymphocytes. While genetic heterogeneity of MM is widely described, little is known about its genetic basis as well as primary damage during plasma cells (PC) development. In this study, we focused on genome-wide screening of DNA copy number changes using oligonucleotide-based array-CGH together with I-FISH of the IgH locus rearrangements in pair samples of bone marrow B-cells (CD19+) and CD138+ PC from newly diagnosed MM patients. The IgH disruption was found in 8.9% (4/45) of CD19+ samples and in 57.8% (26/45) of CD138+ samples. The genomic profiling using array-CGH identified copy number alterations (CNAs) in 10% (2/20) of CD19+ samples in regions known to be important for MM pathogenesis. In contrast, we found CNAs in 100% (16/16) of CD138+ samples. Most common chromosomal abnormalities were trisomies of odd-numbered chromosomes (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 19 and 21), gain 1q, gain Xq and monosomy of chromosome 13. We did not find any correlation between incidence of CNAs in CD19+ and CD138+ cells. In conclusion, effective utilization of FISH and array-CGH can identify genetic lesions in premalignant stages leading to better understanding and characterization of MM.
- MeSH
- antigeny CD19 analýza MeSH
- buněčný rodokmen * MeSH
- chromozomální aberace * MeSH
- genová dávka * MeSH
- genová přestavba MeSH
- hybridizace in situ fluorescenční * metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom * genetika imunologie MeSH
- podskupiny lymfocytů * imunologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srovnávací genomová hybridizace * MeSH
- syndekan-1 analýza MeSH
- těžké řetězce imunoglobulinů genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
UNLABELLED: Chromosomal aberrations are important prognostic factors in multiple myeloma diagnosis. We evaluated the effect common high-risk chromosomal aberrations in a cohort of 102 patients with relapsed disease treated with bortezomib or thalidomide. Our results showed that patients treated with thalidomide with a gain(1)(q21) had inferior survival compared with the bortezomib group. Therefore, bortezomib-based regiments are more effective for patients with relapsed multiple myeloma with an incidence of gain in the gain(1)(q21). BACKGROUND: Prognostic impact of specific chromosomal aberrations in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) treated with the novel agents is briefly described. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the prognostic value of an extended panel of chromosomal aberrations [del(13)(q14), del(17)(p13), t(4;14)(p16;q32), gain(1)(q21), and hyperdiploidy] by using the technique of interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization in a cohort of 102 patients with relapsed MM treated with thalidomide- or bortezomib-based protocols. RESULTS: The gain(1)(q21) had a negative impact on overall survival for patients with MM treated with thalidomide (15.7 vs. 41.3 months; P = .004). Moreover, we confirmed the negative impact of the cumulative effect of 2 or more cytogenetic changes that occur simultaneously on the overall survival in the thalidomide group (20.3 months vs. not yet reached; P = .039). We did not find any significant impact of the aberrations studied on overall survival in the bortezomib cohort of patients. CONCLUSION: We conclude that bortezomib-based protocols are able to partially overcome the negative prognostic impact of the tested chromosomal abnormalities in patients with relapsed MM.
- MeSH
- antitumorózní látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- chromozomální aberace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- kyseliny boronové terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidské chromozomy, pár 1 * MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom farmakoterapie genetika mortalita patologie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- pyraziny terapeutické užití MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- thalidomid terapeutické užití MeSH
- trizomie * MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Cíl studie: Vytvoření stratifikačního modelu s cílem identifikace vysoce rizikových osob s MGUS, u kterých bude možno zvažovat včasnou léčebnou intervenci. Typ studie: Retrospektivní studie Název a sídlo pracoviště: Interní hematoonkologická klinika, FN Brno - PMDV, Brno Materiál a metody: Na souboru 314 osob s MGUS zařazených do Registru monoklonálních gamapatií (RMG) byla provedena pilotní statistická analýza. Byla využita základní klinická data se zaměřením na prognostické parametry stávající (typ monoklonálního proteinu - MIG, hladina MIG, poměr sérových volných lehkých řetězců – FLC ratio) i nové (přítomnost cytogenetických aberací, flowcytometrické stanovení množství klonálních plazmocytů a přítomnost imunoparézy). Výsledky: Vyšší zastoupení morfologicky identifikovaných plazmocytů a nález >95 % PC aberantního fenotypu CD19- CD56+/- se statisticky významně častěji pojí s transformací MGUS do MM (p<0,05). Také přítomnost jakékoliv imunoparézy či imunoparézy postihující oba nepostižené imunoglobuliny byla statisticky významně častěji detekována u transformací MGUS do MM (p=0,001). První analýza stávajících a nových prognostických faktorů u MGUS dosáhla senzitivity stratifikace cca 50 % během 2 let. Závěr: Byl potvrzen význam hodnocení PC pomocí morfologie a průtokové cytometrie a důležitou úlohu hraje také přítomnost imunoparézy. Stratifikační modely budou dále vylepšovány s cílem dosažení senzitivity 90 % v rámci 2 let a obdobná analýza bude provedena také u asymptomatických myelomů (aMM).
Objective: The creation of the stratification model and identification of high-risk individuals with MGUS, which should be considered to an early therapeutic intervention. Design: The retrospective study Settings: Department of Internal medicine - Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno Material and Methods: The pilot statistical analysis of 314 MGUS subjects from Registry of Monoclonal Gammopathies (RMG) was done. Basic clinical data were used together with existing (type of monoclonal protein - MIG, level of MIG, serum free light chain ratio – FLC ratio) and new prognostic parameters (presence of cytogenetic abnormalities, flow cytometry enumeration of clonal plasma cells and presence of immunoparesis). Results: Higher number of plasma cells according to the morphology and presence of >95 % PC with aberrant phenotype CD19-CD56+/- as well were more frequently associated with transformation of MGUS into MM (p<0.05). Also, the presence of any immunoparesis and/or immunoparesis affecting both uninvolved immunoglobulins was more frequently detected in transformed MGUS (p=0.001). The first analysis of existing and new prognostic factors in MGUS achieved sensitivity of the stratification about 50 % within 2 years. Conclusion: The significance of morphological and flow cytometry assessment of PCs was confirmed and presence of the immunoparesis plays an important role as well. Model of stratification will be further developed with the aim of achieving 90 % sensitivity within 2 years and a similar analysis will be performed also for asymptomatic multiple myeloma (aMM).
- MeSH
- chromozomální aberace MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- lehké řetězce imunoglobulinů analýza krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom dietoterapie etiologie MeSH
- monoklonální gamapatie nejasného významu MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie metody využití MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
