INTRODUCTION: Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli have been clearly identified as the causative agents of extraintestinal and diarrheal infections; however, the etiopathogenic role of E. coli in other conditions, including colorectal cancer, remains unclear. METHODS: This study aimed to characterize mucosal E. coli isolates (n = 246) from 61 neoplasia patients and 20 healthy controls for the presence of 35 genetic determinants encoding known virulence factors. RESULTS: Virulence determinants encoding invasin (ibeA), siderophore receptor (iroN), S-fimbriae (sfa), and genotoxin (usp) were more prevalent among E. coli isolated from patients with neoplasia compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the prevalence of these virulence determinants was increased in more advanced neoplasia stages (padj < 0.0125). Compared to patients with advanced colorectal adenoma and carcinoma, the ibeA gene was rarely found in the control group and among patients with non-advanced adenoma (p < 0.05), indicating its potential as the advanced-neoplasia biomarker. Patients with neoplasia frequently had E. coli strains with at least one of the abovementioned virulence factors, whereby specific combinations of these virulence factors were found. DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that E. coli strains isolated from patients with colorectal neoplasia possess several virulence factors, which could contribute to the development of neoplastic processes in the large intestine.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Úvod a cíle: Laminarin je nízkomolekulární (504 Da) větvený glukózový polysacharid [ (1®3) -b-D-glukan], který je schopen modulovat humorální a buněčnou imunitní odpověď, a to nespecifickou i specifickou. Laminarin se vyznačuje anti-tumorózní aktivitou, neboť indukuje apoptózu a ovlivňuje intestinální mikrobiota. Cílem studie bylo vyšetřit anti-laminarinové protilátky u pacientů s kolorektálním karcinomem. Metody: Do prospektivní studie bylo zahrnuto 46 jedinců, z toho 14 kontrol (5 mužů, 9 žen, věk 29–80, průměr 55 ± 13) a 32 pacientů s kolorektálním karcinomem (14 mužů, 18 žen, věk 46–86, průměr 66 ± 11). Dva pacienti z CRC skupiny byli vyřazeni pro zjištěnou odlehlou hodnotu. Z 30 pacientů s CRC mělo 12 pravostranný kolorektální karcinom (12/30, 40 %). Většina pacientů s CRC měla stadium III (13/30, 43 %) nebo IV (13/30, 43 %). Pacienti měli převážně středně diferencovaný (15/30, 50 %) nebo nízce diferencovaný (11/30, 37 %) karcinom. Vzorky byly odebírány z periferní žilní krve a sérové IgG protilátky proti laminarinu byly stanoveny metodou ELISA v jednotkách U/ml. Výsledky: Sérové protilátky proti laminarinu byly signifikantně vyšší u kontrol ve srovnání s pacienty s CRC (16,23 ± 6,60; 11,41 ± 5,53; p = 0,015) a u kontrol ve srovnání s pacienty s levostranným CRC (11,38 ± 5,39; p = 0,046). Významný rozdíl byl pozorován mezi kontrolami a CRC III. stadiem (11,01 ± 3,36; p = 0,017); mezi kontrolami a CRC IV. stadiem (10,98 ± 6,06; p = 0,049). Anti-laminarinové protilátky byly signifikantně nižší u středně diferencovaného CRC ve srovnání s kontrolami (10,78 ± 5,22; p = 0,020), avšak nikoli u nízce diferencovaného CRC (12,10 ± 6,28; p = 0,755). Nebyl prokázán rozdíl mezi kontrolami a ženami s CRC (11,94 ± 6,39; p = 0,092). Byl potvrzen signifikantní rozdíl mezi kontrolami a muži s CRC (10,72 ± 4,32; p = 0,017). Závěr: Sérové protilátky proti laminarinu byly signifikantně nižší u pacientů s CRC a u podskupin osob s kolorektálním karcinomem.
Introduction and objectives: Laminarin is a low molecular weight (504 Da) glucose branched polysaccharide which modulates humoral and cellular immune response, both non-specific and specific. Laminarin possesses anti-tumorous activity as it induces apoptosis and modulates the colonic microbiota. The aim of our current study was to evaluate anti-laminarin antibodies in colorectal carcinoma. Methods: A total of 46 individuals were enrolled in the prospective study including 14 controls (5 men, 9 women, age 29–80, mean 55 ± 13) and 32 patients with colorectal carcinoma, CRC (14 men, 18 women, age 46–86, mean 66 ± 11). Two outliers were identified in the CRC group. Out of 30 CRC patients, 12 individuals had right-sided CRC (12/30; 40%). Majority of the CRC patients had stage III (13/30; 43%) or IV (13/30; 43%) cancer. Most of the CRC patients had moderately (15/30; 50%) or poorly (11/30; 37%) differentiated CRC. Samples were obtained from the peripheral venous blood and investigation of the serum IgG anti-laminarin antibodies was performed by means of ELISA and measured in U/mL. Results: Serum anti-laminarin antibodies were significantly higher in controls compared to the CRC group (16.23 ± 6.60; 11.41 ± 5.53; p = 0.015) and in controls compared to left-sided carcinoma (11.38 ± 5.39; p = 0.046). A statistically significant difference was observed between controls and CRC stage III (11.01 ± 3.36; p = 0.017) and between controls and CRC stage IV (10.98 ± 6.06; p = 0.049). Anti-laminarin antibodies were significantly lower in moderately differentiated CRC compared to controls (10.78 ± 5.22; p = 0.020), but not in poorly differentiated CRC (12.10 ± 6.28; p = 0.755). No difference was identified between controls and females with CRC (11.94 ± 6.39; p = 0.092). There was a significant difference between controls and males with CRC (10.72 ± 4.32; p = 0.017). Conclusion: Serum anti-laminarin antibodies were significantly lower in the CRC group and CRC subgroups compared to controls.
- Klíčová slova
- anti-laminarinové protilátky,
- MeSH
- celulasy analýza MeSH
- kolorektální nádory * patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
S100 proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic colorectal carcinoma through different mechanisms. The aim of our study was to assess tissue mRNA encoding S100 proteins in patients with non-advanced and advanced colorectal adenoma. Mucosal biopsies were taken from the caecum, transverse colon and rectum during diagnostic and/or therapeutic colonoscopy. Another biopsy was obtained from adenomatous tissue in the advanced adenoma group. The tissue mRNA for each S100 protein (S100A4, S100A6, S100A8, S100A9, S100A11 and S100P) was investigated. Eighteen biopsies were obtained from the healthy mucosa in controls and the non-advanced adenoma group (six individuals in each group) and thirty biopsies in the advanced adenoma group (ten patients). Nine biopsies were obtained from advanced adenoma tissue (9/10 patients). Significant differences in mRNA investigated in the healthy mucosa were identified between (1) controls and the advanced adenoma group for S100A6 (p = 0.012), (2) controls and the non-advanced adenoma group for S100A8 (p = 0.033) and (3) controls and the advanced adenoma group for S100A11 (p = 0.005). In the advanced adenoma group, differences between the healthy mucosa and adenomatous tissue were found in S100A6 (p = 0.002), S100A8 (p = 0.002), S100A9 (p = 0.021) and S100A11 (p = 0.029). Abnormal mRNA expression for different S100 proteins was identified in the pathological adenomatous tissue as well as in the morphologically normal large intestinal mucosa.
- MeSH
- adenom genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- kalgranulin A genetika metabolismus MeSH
- kalgranulin B genetika metabolismus MeSH
- kolorektální nádory genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA genetika metabolismus MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika metabolismus MeSH
- nádorové proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- protein S100A6 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- proteiny buněčného cyklu genetika metabolismus MeSH
- proteiny S100 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- proteiny vázající vápník genetika metabolismus MeSH
- S100 kalcium vázající protein A4 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
S100 proteins are involved in biological events related to colorectal carcinogenesis. Aim of this prospective study was to assess serum concentration of S100A6, A8, A9 and A11 proteins in patients with colorectal neoplasia. Eighty-four subjects were enrolled: 20 controls (average risk population with normal findings on colonoscopy; 7 men, 13 women, age 23-74, mean 55 ± 14), 20 patients with non-advanced colorectal adenoma (non-AA, 10 men, 10 women, age 41-82, mean 62 ± 11), 22 with advanced colorectal adenoma (AA, 15 men, 7 women, age 49-80, mean 64 ± 8) and 22 with colorectal cancer (CRC, 12 men, 10 women, age 49-86, mean 69 ± 10). Peripheral venous blood was obtained. Serum S100 proteins were investigated by enzyme immunoassay technique. Serum S100A6 was significantly lower in CRC (mean 8530 ± 4743 ng/L), p = .035 compared to controls (mean 11308 ± 2968 ng/L). Serum S100A8 was significantly higher in AA (median 11955 ng/L, IQR 2681-34756 ng/L), p = .009 and in CRC (median 27532 ng/L, IQR 6794-35092 ng/L), p < .001 compared to controls (median 2513 ng/L, IQR 2111-4881 ng/L). Serum S100A9 concentrations did not differ between any tested group and controls, p > .05. Serum concentration of S100A11 was significantly lower in non-AA (mean 3.5 ± 2.4 μg/L), p = .004 and in CRC (mean 3.4 ± 2.4 μg/L), p = .002 compared to controls (mean 5.9 ± 2.5 μg/L). Sensitivity and specificity for S100A8 protein in patients with CRC were 94% and 73%; positive predictive value 68% and negative predictive value 95%. Patients with colorectal neoplasia have significantly lower serum S100A6 and S100A11 levels, significantly higher S100A8 and unaltered serum S100A9 levels.
- MeSH
- adenom krev diagnóza genetika patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- kalgranulin A krev genetika MeSH
- kalgranulin B krev genetika MeSH
- karcinogeneze genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- kolorektální nádory krev diagnóza genetika patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery krev genetika MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- protein S100A6 krev genetika MeSH
- proteiny buněčného cyklu krev genetika MeSH
- proteiny S100 krev genetika MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Optimal therapy for colorectal carcinoma (CRC), a frequently diagnosed malignancy, does not exist. Some of colicins and microcins, ribosomally synthesized peptides by gramnegative bacteria, have shown significant biological activity specifically against different cancer cells in vitro and in vivo conditions. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate natural colicin and microcin production by large intestinal mucosal bacteria in each stage of colorectal neoplasia and in those with a history of colorectal neoplasia. METHODS: A total of 21 patients with non-advanced adenoma (non-a-A; 16/21 with current and 5/21 with history of non-a-A), 20 patients with advanced colorectal adenoma (a-A; 11/20 with current and 9/20 with history of a-A), 22 individuals with CRC (9/22 with current and 13/22 with history of CRC) and 20 controls were enrolled. Mucosal biopsies from the caecum, transverse colon and the rectum were taken during colonoscopy in each individual. Microbiological culture followed. Production of colicins and microcins was evaluated by PCR methods. RESULTS: A total of 239 mucosal biopsies were taken. Production of colicins and microcins was significantly more frequent in individuals with non-a-A, a-A and CRC compared to controls. No significant difference in colicin and microcin production was found between patients with current and previous non-a-A, a-A and CRC. Significantly more frequent production of colicins was observed in men compared to women at the stage of colorectal carcinoma. A later onset of increased production of microcins during the adenoma-carcinoma sequence has been observed in males compared to females. CONCLUSIONS: Strains isolated from large intestinal mucosa in patients with colorectal neoplasia produce colicins and microcins more frequently compared to controls. Bacteriocin production does not differ between patients with current and previous colorectal neoplasia. Fundamental differences in bacteriocin production have been confirmed between males and females.
Analysis of Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a re-discovered approach to monitoring the course of the disease and reduce invasive methods of patient investigation. However, the major disadvantage and shortcoming of the EBC is lack of reliable and reproducible standardization of the method. Despite many articles published on EBC, until now there is no clear consensus on whether the analysis of EBC can provide a clue to diagnosis of the diseases. The purpose of this paper is to investigate our own method, to search for possible standardization and to obtain our own initial experience. Thirty healthy volunteers provided the EBC, in which we monitored the density, pH, protein, chloride and urea concentration. Our results show that EBC pH is influenced by smoking, and urea concentrations are affected by the gender of subjects. Age of subjects does not play a role. The smallest coefficient of variation between individual volunteers is for density determination. Current limitations of EBC measurements are the low concentration of many biomarkers. Standardization needs to be specific for each individual biomarker, with focusing on optimal condensate collection. EBC analysis has a potential become diagnostic test, not only for lung diseases.
- MeSH
- biologické markery analýza metabolismus MeSH
- chloridy analýza metabolismus MeSH
- dechové testy metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- kouření metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- močovina analýza metabolismus MeSH
- odběr biologického vzorku MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- proteiny analýza metabolismus MeSH
- referenční hodnoty MeSH
- referenční standardy MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Úvod: Kolorektální karcinom (CRC – colorectal cancer) je třetí nejčastější nádorové onemocnění celosvětově a v ČR. S100P protein hraje významnou roli v kancerogenezi CRC a v jeho metastatické progresi. Cílem prospektivní studie bylo posoudit asociaci sérové koncentrace S100P s CRC. Metodika: Studie zahrnovala 79 jedinců – 36 kontrol (normální pankoloskopický nález; bez anamnézy kolorektální neoplazie) a 43 pacientů s CRC. Skupina s CRC byla rozdělena do jednotlivých podskupin: 1. dle lokalizace nádoru – 13 subjektů s karcinomem pravého tračníku (CRC-R skupina) a 30 osob s karcinomem levého tračníku (CRC-L skupina); 2. dle klinického stadia onemocnění – 9 pacientů ve stadiu I, 7 ve stadiu II, 13 ve stadiu III a 13 ve stadiu IV; 3. dle gradingu nádoru – 5 nemocných s dobře diferencovaným karcinomem (G1), 24 se středně diferencovaným karcinomem (G2) a 11 s nízce diferencovaným karcinomem (G3). Sérové koncentrace S100P proteinu byly hodnoceny ELISA metodou ze vzorků periferní žilní krve. Výsledky: Sérové koncentrace S100P byly signifikantně vyšší v CRC skupině (medián 1 251, interkvartilové rozpětí – IQR 731–1 749 ng/l) ve srovnání s kontrolní skupinou (medián 765, IQR 545–1 158 ng/l); p = 0,012. Ve srovnání s kontrolní skupinou byly sérové koncentrace S100P významně vyšší v CRC-L skupině (medián 1 426, IQR 739–1 925 ng/l); p = 0,005, u pacientů v klinickém stadiu IV (medián 1 622, IQR 778–2 154 ng/l); p = 0,008, a u pacientů se středně diferencovaným karcinomem (medián 1 318, IQR 853–1 879 ng/l); p = 0,005. Nebyl prokázán signifikantní rozdíl u skupiny CRC-R ve srovnání s kontrolami ani ve srovnání s CRC-L skupinou; p > 0,05. Závěr: Studie potvrdila asociaci sérové koncentrace S100P proteinu s CRC. Významně vyšší koncentrace S100P byly potvrzeny u pacientů v klinickém stadiu IV a pacientů s levostranným CRC.
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer worldwide and in the Czech Republic. S100P protein plays a significant role in colorectal carcinogenesis and in tumour metastatic progression. The aim of this prospective study was to assess the association between serum concentration of S100P protein and CRC. Methods: The study included 79 subjects – 36 controls and 43 patients with CRC. The CRC group was divided into subgroups according to tumour side (13 patients with right-sided CRC (CRC-R group) and 30 patients with left-sided CRC (CRC-L group)); stage of the disease (9 patients in clinical stage I, 7 in stage II, 13 in stage III and 13 in stage IV); and tumour grading (5 patients with well-differentiated tumour (G1), 24 patients with moderately-differentiated tumour (G2) and 11 patients with poorly-differentiated tumour (G3)). Serum concentrations of S100P protein were measured in peripheral blood samples using ELISA. Results: Serum S100P was significantly higher in the CRC group (median: 1251; inter-quartile range (IQR): 731–1749 ng/L) than in the controls (median: 765; IQR: 545–1158 ng/L); p = 0.012. Compared to the control group, serum S100P was significantly higher in patients with left-sided tumours (median: 1426; IQR: 739–1925 ng/L; p = 0.005), in clinical stage IV (median: 1622; IQR: 778–2154 ng/L; p = 0.008) and in patients with moderately-differentiated tumours (median: 1318; IQR: 853–1879 ng/L; p = 0.005). No difference was observed in the CRC-R group when compared with the controls and CRC-L group; p > 0.05. Conclusion: The study confirms a relationship between serum concentration of S100P protein and CRC. Significantly higher serum levels were observed in patients in clinical stage IV and patients with left-sided carcinoma.
- Klíčová slova
- S100P protein – biomarker – kolorektální karcinom,
- MeSH
- biochemická analýza krve metody MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- kolorektální nádory * diagnóza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery * MeSH
- proteiny S100 MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a very rare disease in adults and as well a very rare cause of sellar expansion. The clinical presentation can be heterogeneous, from a single bone lesion to potentially fatal, widespread disease. We describe the difficulties with the diagnosis and treatment of LCH as well as successful treatment with cladribine chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
- MeSH
- biopsie metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- histiocytóza z Langerhansových buněk * diagnóza genetika patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- hypofýza * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- imunosupresiva aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- kladribin aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody MeSH
- protoonkogenní proteiny B-raf genetika MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- transplantace kmenových buněk metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The aim of our study was to assess association of serum S100A4 protein with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Study included 118 subjects: 93 patients with CD, 16 with UC and 9 controls. In CD group, 20/93 patients had B1 phenotype, 19/93 B2, 20/93 B3 and 34/93 B2 + B3. L1 involvement was present in 15/93, L2 in 14/93 and L3 in 64/93 patients. Serum S100A4 concentration was investigated in peripheral venous blood samples by means of ELISA. RESULTS: Serum S100A4 was significantly higher in UC (158.6 ± 56.2 ng/mL), p = 0.019 and in CD (154.4 ± 52.1 ng/mL), p = 0.007 compared to controls (104.8 ± 40.5 ng/mL). No difference in S100A4 was revealed between UC and CD, p > 0.05. Serum S100A4 in each CD subgroup (according to behaviour) was significantly higher compared to controls, p < 0.05. Serum S100A4 was significantly higher in L2 (144.6 ± 44.2 ng/mL), p = 0.041 and in L3 (163.0 ± 52.8 ng/mL), p = 0.002 compared to controls and in L3 compared to L1 (126.9 ± 47.6 ng/mL), p = 0.017. CONCLUSION: Association of serum S100A4 protein with UC and CD was confirmed. In CD, disease behaviour did not influence serum concentration of S100A4 protein. In CD, higher levels of serum S100A4 were observed in patients with ileo-colonic and colonic involvement compared to those with isolated small bowel involvement.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- idiopatické střevní záněty krev MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- S100 kalcium vázající protein A4 krev MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
