Mechanická rekanalizace symptomatického uzávěru mozkové tepny je vysoce efektivní a život zachraňující léčbou akutní ischemické CMP. Současná doporučení upravují a rozšiřují národní doporučený postup z roku 2019 na základě recentně publikovaných randomizovaných klinických studií, které prokázaly klinickou účinnost a prospěch MT v léčbě akutního symptomatického uzávěru mozkové tepny i u pacientů s pokročilými ischemickými změnami (Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score [ASPECTS] 3 až 5 bodů). Doporučení dále zpřesňují indikace pacientů podle časového okna od vzniku příznaků, předcházející soběstačnosti a rovněž rozšiřují možnost indikace rekanalizace u okluze tepen v přední a zadní mozkové cirkulaci. Prezentovaná doporučení pro mechanickou rekanalizaci jsou konsenzuálním stanoviskem výborů Cerebrovaskulární sekce České neurologické společnosti České lékařské společnosti JEP a České společnosti intervenční radiologie České lékařské společnosti JEP.
Mechanical recanalization of symptomatic occlusion of a cerebral artery is a highly effective and life-saving treatment for acute ischemic stroke. The current recommendations update and expand the national guidelines from 2019, based on recently published randomized clinical trials that demonstrated the clinical efficacy and benefits of mechanical thrombectomy in the treatment of acute symptomatic cerebral artery occlusion, even in patients with advanced ischemic changes (ASPECTS scores of 3 to 5). The guidelines further refine patient indications based on the time window from symptom onset, prior functional independence, and also broaden the possibilities for recanalization indications for occlusions of both anterior and posterior cerebral arteries. The presented guidelines for mechanical recanalization represent a consensus statement by the boards of the Cerebrovascular Section of the Czech Neurological Society of the Czech Medical Association JEP and the Czech Society for Interventional Radiology of the Czech Medical Association JEP.
- MeSH
- amaurosis fugax * diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- CT angiografie MeSH
- diagnostické techniky oftalmologické MeSH
- inhibitory agregace trombocytů aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- karotická endarterektomie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stenóza arteria carotis diagnóza terapie MeSH
- tranzitorní ischemická ataka diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
K okluzi centrální retinální tepny může dojít na podkladě embolizace z nestabilního aterosklerotického plátu arteria carotis interna. V naší kazuistice byla ztráta monokulárního vidění prvním příznakem závažného průběhu ischemické cévní mozkové příhody, kterou bylo nutné urgentně řešit mechanickou trombektomií. Cílem sdělení je poukázat na často podceňovanou závažnost tohoto stavu. Okluze centrální retinální arterie by dle našeho názoru měla být řešena v akutním režimu, bez prodlení a se zapojením zdravotnické záchranné služby jako každá jiná cévní mozková příhoda. I přes debatu jak v české, tak ve světové odborné veřejnosti, není dosud k dispozici konsenzus v přístupu k této klinické jednotce.
Central retinal artery occlusion can occur secondary to embolism from an unstable atherosclerotic plaque of the internal carotid artery. In our case report, monocular visual loss was the initial presentation of a severe course of ischaemic stroke which required urgent management with mechanical thrombectomy. The aim of the paper is to highlight the often underestimated severity of this condition. In our opinion, central retinal artery occlusion should be managed in an acute mode, without delay, and with the involvement of emergency medical services, just like any other stroke. In spite of the debate in both the Czech and worldwide professional community, no consensus has so far been available on the approach to this clinical entity.
- MeSH
- arteria centralis retinae patologie MeSH
- ischemická cévní mozková příhoda * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mechanická trombolýza metody MeSH
- okluze retinální arterie diagnóza terapie MeSH
- trombolytická terapie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Parestezie jsou typické pozitivní senzitivní příznaky, které vznikají v důsledku poškození nebo poruchy somatosenzorického systému. Jsou častým subjektivním steskem uváděným pacienty různého věku. Mohou se vyskytovat jak u zdravých osob, tak u pacientů s nejrůznějšími nemocemi. Parestezie jsou častým symptomem řady neurologických i interních chorob. Vyskytují se u heterogenní skupiny poruch, které postihují centrální i periferní nervový systém. V následujícím přehledu je uvedena diagnostika i diferenciální diagnostika parestezií s důrazem na závažná akutní onemocnění.
Paresthesias are sensory symptoms that typically arise from damage or disorder of the somatosensory system. Patients of different age groups frequently report these symptoms as subjective issues. They can occur in healthy individuals as well as in people with various diseases. Paresthesias are a frequent symptom of a number of neurological and internal diseases. They occur in a heterogeneous group of disorders that affect both the central as well as peripheral nervous systems. In the following review, we present the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of paresthesias with an emphasis on severe acute diseases.
INTRODUCTION: There are today two models of transporting patients with acute ischaemic stroke because of large artery occlusion (AIS-LVO): mothership (MS) and drip-and-ship (DS). Our aim was to evaluate our ongoing transport strategy (OT), which is an MS/DS hybrid. In our OT, the patient is transported directly to the CT of the Primary Stroke Centre (PSC), where intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is administered. The patient then continues without delay to a Comprehensive Stroke Centre (CSC) with the same medical rescue team (MRT). The distance between our centres is 73 km. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed data of 100 consecutive AIS-LVO patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) between January 2017 and October 2019. OT, MS and DS groups were compared. 31 patients were transported as MS, 32 as DS, and 37 as OT. RESULTS: DS had significantly longer time to groin puncture (185 min) compared to OT and MS (p < 0.0001). OT shortened time almost to MS level (OT 124 min, MS 110 min, p = 0.002. Time to IVT administration (from MRT departure) differed statistically significantly in favour of OT (OT 27 min, MS 63 min, p < 0.0001). Logistical change in PSC had a significant effect on decreasing the door-to-needle time (DNT) median from 37 min to 11 min (p < 0.0001). DNT reduction also occurred in patients with AIS and without an indication for MT. CONCLUSIONS: OT is highly effective, significantly reducing the time to IVT administration, and combining all the benefits, while eliminating all the disadvantages, of DS and MS. The OT concept gives all indicated patients a chance for MT to be performed, and does not overload the performing centre.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda * farmakoterapie etiologie MeSH
- ischemická cévní mozková příhoda * MeSH
- ischemie mozku * farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- trombektomie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- trombolytická terapie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent studies suggested an increased incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated the volume of CVT hospitalization and in-hospital mortality during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the preceding year. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study of 171 stroke centers from 49 countries. We recorded COVID-19 admission volumes, CVT hospitalization, and CVT in-hospital mortality from January 1, 2019, to May 31, 2021. CVT diagnoses were identified by International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10) codes or stroke databases. We additionally sought to compare the same metrics in the first 5 months of 2021 compared to the corresponding months in 2019 and 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04934020). RESULTS: There were 2,313 CVT admissions across the 1-year pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic year (2020); no differences in CVT volume or CVT mortality were observed. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT volumes compared to 2019 (27.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 24.2 to 32.0; P<0.0001) and 2020 (41.4%; 95% CI, 37.0 to 46.0; P<0.0001). A COVID-19 diagnosis was present in 7.6% (132/1,738) of CVT hospitalizations. CVT was present in 0.04% (103/292,080) of COVID-19 hospitalizations. During the first pandemic year, CVT mortality was higher in patients who were COVID positive compared to COVID negative patients (8/53 [15.0%] vs. 41/910 [4.5%], P=0.004). There was an increase in CVT mortality during the first 5 months of pandemic years 2020 and 2021 compared to the first 5 months of the pre-pandemic year 2019 (2019 vs. 2020: 2.26% vs. 4.74%, P=0.05; 2019 vs. 2021: 2.26% vs. 4.99%, P=0.03). In the first 5 months of 2021, there were 26 cases of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), resulting in six deaths. CONCLUSIONS: During the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic, CVT hospitalization volume and CVT in-hospital mortality did not change compared to the prior year. COVID-19 diagnosis was associated with higher CVT in-hospital mortality. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT hospitalization volume and increase in CVT-related mortality, partially attributable to VITT.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Background The benefit of intravenous thrombolysis is time dependent. It remains unclear, however, whether dramatic shortening of door-to-needle time (DNT) among different types of hospitals nationwide does not compromise safety and still improves outcome. Methods and Results Multifaceted intervention to shorten DNT was introduced at a national level, and prospectively collected data from a registry between 2004 and 2019 were analyzed. Generalized estimating equation was used to identify the association between DNT and outcomes independently from prespecified baseline variables. The primary outcome was modified Rankin score 0 to 1 at 3 months, and secondary outcomes were parenchymal hemorrhage/intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), any ICH, and death. Of 31 316 patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis alone, 18 861 (60%) had available data: age 70±13 years, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at baseline (median, 8; interquartile range, 5-14), and 45% men. DNT groups 0 to 20 minutes, 21 to 40 minutes, 41 to 60 minutes, and >60 minutes had 3536 (19%), 5333 (28%), 4856 (26%), and 5136 (27%) patients. National median DNT dropped from 74 minutes in 2004 to 22 minutes in 2019. Shorter DNT had proportional benefit: it increased the odds of achieving modified Rankin score 0 to 1 and decreased the odds of parenchymal hemorrhage/ICH, any ICH, and mortality. Patients with DNT ≤20 minutes, 21 to 40 minutes, and 41 to 60 minutes as compared with DNT >60 minutes had adjusted odds ratios for modified Rankin score 0 to 1 of the following: 1.30 (95% CI, 1.12-1.51), 1.33 (95% CI, 1.15-1.54), and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.02-1.29), and for parenchymal hemorrhage/ICH: 0.57 (95% CI, 0.45-0.71), 0.76 (95% CI, 0.61-0.94), 0.83 (95% CI, 0.70-0.99), respectively. Conclusions Ultrashort initiation of thrombolysis is feasible, improves outcome, and makes treatments safer because of fewer intracerebral hemorrhages. Stroke management should be optimized to initiate thrombolysis as soon as possible optimally within 20 minutes from arrival to a hospital.
- MeSH
- cerebrální krvácení komplikace MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda * terapie MeSH
- fibrinolytika škodlivé účinky MeSH
- intravenózní podání MeSH
- ischemie mozku * komplikace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu MeSH
- trombolytická terapie škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH