BACKGROUND: The central vein sign (CVS) has been proposed as a novel MRI biomarker to improve diagnosis of pediatric-onset MS (POMS). However, the role of CVS in POMS progression has yet to be discovered. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the appearance of CVS and its correlation with POMS disease progression. METHODS: One hundred fifty-six POMS from two MS centers in Israel and Czech Republic MS centers were followed for five years. Patient assessment was performed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Annual Relapse Rate (ARR). Patients in whom at least 40 % of brain MRI lesions had CVS ("rule of 40") were determined as CVS-positive. RESULTS: The total group of POMS consisted of 96 CVS-negative (61.5 %), aged 14.6 ± 1.9 years, EDSS 2.0, 75 % Interquartile Range (IQR) 1.0-3.0, disease duration (DD) 6.28 ± 0.38 years, and 60 CVS-positive (38.5 %), aged 15.1 ± 0.3 years, EDSS 2.0, IQR 1.5-3.0, DD 5.62 ± 0.13 years, were analyzed. After a three and five-year follow-up, the CVS-positive patients had higher EDSS scores than those who were CVS-negative, 2.0, IQR 1.0-2.5, vs 1.0, IQR 1.0-2.0, (p = 0.009) and 2.0, IQR 1.0-3.25 vs 1.0, IQR 1.0-2.0, (p = 0.0003), respectively. Patients with CVS-positive POMS were characterized by a significantly higher ARR (0.78 ± 0.08 vs 0.57 ± 0.04, p = 0.002). These results were confirmed in subgroups of Disease Modifying Treatments (DMT) untreated and treated patients. CONCLUSION: CVS-positive POMS is characterized by higher disability progression than CVS-negative, indicating the importance of CVS in disease pathogenesis.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mozek diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- mozkové žíly diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- posuzování pracovní neschopnosti MeSH
- progrese nemoci * MeSH
- roztroušená skleróza diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- věk při počátku nemoci MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Izrael MeSH
U onemocnění RS má MR nezastupitelnou roli. Pro maximální využití potenciálu této metody, tedy pro časnou a přesnou diagnostiku s určením prognostických markerů, časný signál neefektivity terapie či bezpečnostního problému, ale i pro dostupnost adekvátní péče pro všechny pacienty, je klíčová unifikace managementu MR napříč jednotlivými pracovišti. Zároveň je podstatná komunikace mezi radiologem a neurologem a s tím související standardizace jak žádanky, tak popisu MR. Jednotná forma dat z MR by vedle zkvalitnění péče o individuálního pacienta vedla i k možnosti sběru dat na národní úrovni. Tím by umožnila získat strukturované informace pro výzkum a také využití dat z MR při jednáních s plátci zdravotní péče. Za tímto účelem vznikl pod záštitou Sekce klinické neuroimunologie a likvorologie České neurologické společnosti tento konsenzus českého expertního radiologicko-neurologického panelu vycházející z mezinárodních doporučení Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis (MAGNIMS). Přichází s návrhem doporučení základního a rozšířeného diagnostického, monitoračního a bezpečnostního protokolu MR, stanovuje frekvenci jednotlivých vyšetření, nutné informace na žádance na MR a představuje normovaný popis diagnostické i monitorační MR u pacientů s podezřením či stanovenou diagnózou RS.
In MS, MRI has an irreplaceable role. The unification of MRI management across different institutions is crucial for maximal use of the potential of this method, i.e., for early and accurate diagnosis with the determination of prognostic markers, early signal of ineffectiveness of therapy or safety problem, but also for availability of adequate care for all patients. At the same time, communication between the radiologist and neurologist and the associated standardization of both the referral form and MRI description are essential. In addition to improving the quality of care for the individual patient, a uniform MRI data format would also lead to the possibility of national data collection. This would allow for structured information for research as well as the use of MRI data in negotiations with healthcare providers. For this purpose under the patronage of the Section of Clinical Neuroimmunology and Liquorology of the Czech Neurological Society, this consensus of the Czech Expert Radiology-Neurology Panel is published based on the international Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis (MAGNIMS) recommendations. It proposes recommendations for a basic and extended diagnostic, monitoring and safety MRI protocol, specifies the frequency of individual examinations, the necessary information on the MRI referral form and presents a standardized description of diagnostic and monitoring MRI in patients with suspected or confirmed diagnosis of MS.
- Klíčová slova
- diagnostická kritéria, žádanka, diagnostický protokol, monitorační protokol,
- MeSH
- klinické protokoly MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * normy MeSH
- roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
Minimally invasive oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) therapy utilizing the biochemical effects of O2-O3 mixture is commonly used in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. The literature dealing with O2-O3 therapy of spinal pain focuses mainly on the lumbosacral region. The aim of this review is to evaluate the efficacy of O2-O3 therapy in musculoskeletal pain in the neck region. The Medline (PubMed), SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched for clinical studies, using the free text terms: ozone, neck, cervical, spine, pain, disc, hernia, nucleolysis, paravertebral, treatment, and various combinations of them. In total, seven studies (two randomized controlled trials and five observational studies) were found. These studies dealt with the intradiscal or intramuscular paravertebral application of O2-O3 mixture in patients with myofascial pain syndrome, cervical disc hernias, and chronic neck pain. All these studies proved a significant decrease in neck pain (evaluated by Visual Analog Scale or Numerical Rating Scale), and most of them showed improvement in functional status (measured by Oswestry Disability Index or Neck Disability Index). In addition, other pain assessment scales and function and quality of life measures (DN4 questionnaire, pain pressure threshold, cervical lateral flexion range of motion, Japanese Orthopedic Association scale, 12- and 36-Item Short Form Surveys, modified MacNab criteria, and analgesic drug intake reduction) were used. Changes in these measurements also mostly supported the efficacy of O2-O3 treatment. No significant complications of the treatment were reported. The available evidence is sparse, but despite this, the O2-O3 treatment of musculoskeletal neck pain can be considered potentially beneficial and relatively safe.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Syndrom reverzibilní encefalopatie v zadní cirkulaci (PRES) je vzácným patologickým stavem, pro jehož diagnostiku mají zásadní význam zobrazovací metody, zejména pak magnetická rezonance, které umožní detekovat pro toto onemocnění typicky distribuované zóny vazogenního edému mozku. Vznik PRES je spojován s řadou rizikových faktorů. Kazuistika popisuje PRES u 46leté ženy, léčené v minulosti pro akutní myeloidní leukemii s četnými průvodními komplikacemi. Klinické projevy PRES většinou vznikají náhle a zahrnují řadu neurologických příznaků. Častá bývá přítomnost nekorigované hypertenzní nemoci. Léčba PRES je principiálně založena na ovlivnění základního onemocnění. Ačkoliv je obecně prognóza PRES považována za dobrou, nemusí dojít k plné úpravě zdravotního stavu a onemocnění může také skončit fatálně.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare pathological entity, in which the neuroimaging, especially MRI, is essential for the diagnosis. The disease is characterized by the typical distribution of cerebral vasogenic edema. Several risk factors are known to be associated with the PRES development. This case report describes PRES in a 46-year-old woman treated in the past for acute myeloid leukemia with numerous concomitant complications. The clinical manifestations of PRES is usually sudden and include a various neurological symptoms. The presence of uncontrolled hypertensive disease is a frequent finding. The treatment of PRES usually focusses on the underlying disease. Although the prognosis of the PRES is generally considered to be favorable, the disease may not be completely reversible and may also be fatal.
- MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- edém mozku diagnostické zobrazování etiologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- syndrom zadní leukoencefalopatie * diagnostické zobrazování etiologie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Chronic lumbosacral radicular pain (CLRP) as a possible adverse consequence of lumbar spine surgery represents a serious medical challenge. Pulsed radiofrequency of dorsal root ganglion (PRF-DRG) treatment is known to be effective in alleviating CLRP. This retrospective study compares the efficacy of a single CT-guided PRF-DRG procedure in the treatment of unilateral CLRP between patients without (non-PSS) and with (PSS) previous lumbar spine surgery. Non-PSS and PSS groups included 30 and 20 patients, respectively. Outcomes (pain intensity and disability) were evaluated by means of the visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) immediately after the procedure (VAS), as well as three and six months after the procedure, respectively. Non-PSS group showed a significant (p ˂ 0.001) decrease of VAS (median) at all follow-up intervals (from 6 to 4; 4; 4.5 points, respectively). The PSS group showed a significant yet transient VAS (median) decrease (from 6 to 5 points) immediately after the procedure only (p < 0.001). The decrease of VAS was more pronounced in the non-PSS group after three and six months (p = 0.0054 and 0.011, respectively) in intergroup comparison. A relative decrease of VAS ≥ 50% during follow-up was achieved in 40%; 43.3%; 26.7% (non-PSS), and 25%; 5%; 0% (PSS) of patients. ODI (median) significantly decreased in the non-PSS group (from 21.5 to 18 points) at three and six months (p = 0.014 and 0.021, respectively). In conclusion, previous lumbar spine surgery decreases the therapeutic efficacy of PRF-DRG procedure in CLRP patients.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Despite the undeniable ongoing development of cross-sectional imaging methods, not all focal liver lesions (FLLs) have a typical pattern. An image-guided biopsy using a percutaneous approach might safely provide a final histological diagnosis of the FLLs. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy, efficiency, complication rate, technical features, and relationships between the followed parameters of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous biopsies of FLLs using a retrospective approach. METHODS: 303 percutaneous biopsy procedures in 295 patients were carried out in patients with suspected or indeterminate FLLs over a 10-year period. The median size of the tumors was 44 mm (15 - 144 mm). Median age of patients was 67 years (25 to 87 years). Skin-to-lesion distance was variable, from 30 mm to 138 mm (median length 59 mm). In 200 procedures (66%) malignant disease was known from the patients ́ clinical history. RESULTS: In 288 biopsies (95%) the results were true positive or true negative; 15 procedures (4.95%) resulted in a histologically false negative and had to be confirmed using other approaches. Metastatic disease to hepatic parenchyma of various origins was the most frequent histological diagnosis (55.4%). Cholangiocarcinoma was the most common individual result (13.5%). In total 14 complications (4.6%) were confirmed, 4 of which were severe haemorrhages that needed angiographic treatment and in one case surgical revision. The mortality rate in our group was 0.3%. A statistically significant relationship between lesion size and diagnostic accuracy (p < 0.01) was revealed. The use of a 16 G needle calibre and at least two samples were suitable for hypo- and hypervascular lesions without a significant increase in the complication rate. CONCLUSIONS: Core needle biopsy using a percutaneous approach and a CT-guidance performed on patients with indetermined FLLs had a high overall accuracy in determining the final histological diagnosis including subtyping. Concurrently, the complication incidence was low.
BACKGROUND: The objective of this prospective randomized monocentric study is to compare the speed and quality of interbody fusion of implanted porous Al2O3 (aluminium oxide) cages with PEEK (polyetheretherketone) cages in ACDF (anterior cervical discectomy and fusion). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 111 patients were enrolled in the study, which was carried out between 2015 and 2021. The 18-month follow-up (FU) was completed in 68 patients with an Al2O3 cage and 35 patients with a PEEK cage in one-level ACDF. Initially, the first evidence (initialization) of fusion was evaluated on computed tomography. Subsequently, interbody fusion was evaluated according to the fusion quality scale, fusion rate and incidence of subsidence. RESULTS: Signs of incipient fusion at 3 months were detected in 22% of cases with the Al2O3 cage and 37.1% with the PEEK cage. At 12-month FU, the fusion rate was 88.2% for Al2O3 and 97.1% for PEEK cages, and at the final FU at 18 months, 92.6% and 100%, respectively. The incidence of subsidence was observed to be 11.8% and 22.9% of cases with Al2O3 and PEEK cages, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Porous Al2O3 cages demonstrated a lower speed and quality of fusion in comparison with PEEK cages. However, the fusion rate of Al2O3 cages was within the range of published results for various cages. The incidence of subsidence of Al2O3 cages was lower compared to published results. We consider the porous Al2O3 cage as safe for a stand-alone disc replacement in ACDF.
- MeSH
- diskektomie * MeSH
- ketony MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxid hlinitý * MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly MeSH
- poréznost MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Mycobacterium chelonae, a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium, is usually described as a causative agent of soft tissue infections (postsurgical, posttraumatic, posttransplantation, postinjection, catheter infection, etc.), but only rarely as a cause of osteomyelitis. The authors describe a case report of a 72-year-old man with osteomyelitis of the talus. Initially, the infection was assessed as a soft tissue infection, without any osteolytic changes on the X-ray. After cultivation with subsequent targeted molecular typing of the rpoB gene, M. chelonae was identified from the affected tissue. The bone involvement was subsequently detected on MRI and confirmed histologically with findings of the granulomatous tissue and acid-fast bacilli. The patient was initially treated intravenously with a combination of tigecycline, amikacin, and moxifloxacin for 4 weeks, after which the oral combination of doxycycline and moxifloxacin continued. Identification of the infecting pathogen using molecular typing thus helped to establish the correct diagnosis and represents a rarely described case of osteomyelitis caused by M. chelonae.
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Cíl práce: Prokázat u nemocných po první epizodě schizofrenie strukturální změny bílé hmoty mozkové pomod fixel-based analýzy (FBA). Metodika: V prospektivnf studii byly pomod FBA studovány difuzně vážené MR obrazy skupiny pacientů po první epizodě schizofrenie (n = 16) a kontrolní skupiny (n = 22). Vyšetření proběhlo na 3T MR tomografu s využitím 64-kanálové hlavové dvky. FBA byla provedena pomocí softwarového balíku MRtrix (verze 3.0.1). Výsledky: Pomod FBA byl u nemocných prokázán pokles metriky fibre density v oblasti commissura anterior. Nebyly nalezeny statisticky významné oblasti se změnami metriky fibre cross-section. Pro kombinovanou metriku fibre density and cross-section byl nalezen jeden statisticky významný fixel v bílé hmotě frontální části pravostranného centrum semiovale. Závěr: Pomocí FBA byl prokázán u nemocných po první epizodě schizofrenie při srovnání s kontrolním souborem velmi malý rozsah změn v bílé hmotě mozkové. Jejich charakter svědd pro poruchu mikrostruktury bílé hmoty u nemocných. Maximum prokázaných změn leží v commissura anterior. Rozsah nalezených změn je při porovnání s publikovanými pracemi využívajícími FBA výrazně menší, což může být podmíněno mj. časnějším stadiem onemocnění probandů ve vyšetřovaném souboru.
Purpose: To assess white matter changes after the first episode of schizophrenia by using fixel-based analysis (FBA). Methods: Diffusion weighted MR images were used to prospectively compare white matter microstructure between subjects after the first episode of schizophrenia (n = 16) and healthy controls (n = 22). The subjects were examined on a 3 Tesla MRI system equipped with a 64-channel head coil. FBA was performed using MRtrix software package (version 3.0.1). Results: A limited area of fibre density decrease was found in the anterior commissure. No fixels of fibre cross-sedion changes were found. For combined metric of fibre density and cross-sedion only one statistically significant fixel was found in the right frontal white matter. Conclusion: Using FBA, only a limited area of white matter microstructure corruption was found after the first episode of schizophrenia. Changes were located mainly in the anterior commissure. Compared to other published studies using FBA, the extent of changes is distinctly smaller which can be among other causes subjected to earlier stages of the illness of subjects included in this study.
- Klíčová slova
- fixel-based analýza,
- MeSH
- bílá hmota diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- commissura anterior diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- schizofrenie * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- zobrazování difuzních tenzorů metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Zlomeniny páteře patří mezi častá poranění provázející všechny věkové skupiny. Nestabilní zlomeniny jsou léčeny chirurgicky se snahou o obnovení základních funkcí páteře. Stabilní fraktury se léčí ve většině případů konzervativně nebo pomocí minimálně invazivních technik. Bolest je přítomna u většiny nemocných a může být limitujícím faktorem pro časný návrat k běžným denním aktivitám. Mezi minimálně invazivní metody umožňující ovlivnění bolesti patří analgetické blokády, kyslíko-ozonová terapie (KOT), radiofrekvenční ablace (RFA) či augmentace skeletu polymetylmetakrylátovým (PMMA) cementem. Práce pak předkládá současný pohled medicíny založené na důkazech (EBM) na jednotlivé metody léčby bolesti, přičemž jsou probrány základní principy a aspekty jednotlivých metod. Na pracovišti autorů bylo provedeno za posledních 8 let více než 8800 zákroků léčby bolesti zad s CT navigací a 253 augmentačních zákroků. Nebyla zaznamenána klinicky významná komplikace.
Vertebral fracture is a common trauma can occur at any age group. Unstable fractures are treated surgically to restore the basic spinal functionality. In most cases, stable fractures are treated conservatively or by minimally invasive techniques. Pain is the most common symptom and can be a limiting factor for an early return to ones daily activities. Among the minimally invasive procedures for pain management are analgesis blockades, oxygenozone therapy, radiofrequency ablation or augmentation. This paper presents the current view of evidence-based medicine (EBM) on individual methods of pain treatment of which basic principles and aspects are discussed. Furthermore, the practical experiences of the author‘s workplace are presented. Over the past 8 years, more than 8,800 back pain treatments under CT guidance and 253 augmentation procedures have been performed at the authors‘ workplace. No clinically significant complication was observed.
- MeSH
- anestetika lokální aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- bolesti zad * diagnostické zobrazování etiologie terapie MeSH
- fraktury páteře diagnostické zobrazování patologie terapie MeSH
- intervenční radiografie klasifikace metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- management bolesti * klasifikace přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- medicína založená na důkazech metody MeSH
- oxygenoterapie metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- ozon terapeutické užití MeSH
- páteř diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- radiofrekvenční ablace metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- vertebroplastika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
