BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the degree of depression and anxiety in cancer patients using the Emotion Thermometers (ET) and confirming their clinical usefulness compared to the gold standard interview, as well as determining optimal cut-off values for the appropriate identification of cancer patients' distress. METHODS: We included 238 cancer patients and we used ET (Emotion Thermometers) to screen depression and anxiety and the Beck depression inventory for adults (BDI-II), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I) was used as the criterial validity standard. RESULTS: The prevalence of anxiety on the M.I.N.I. was 24% and depression was 11%. The optimal value for diagnosis of depression from ET (Dep ET) appears to be > 4.5 (AUC 0.928) against M.I.N.I. Optimal score for anxiety from ET (AnxT ET) compared to GAD according to M.I.N.I. we determined the value of 3.5 (AUC 0.899). To determine the cut off score for distress using from ET (DT), we compared against GAD-7 and BDI-II RS (raw total score) and the most optimal was 4.5 (AUC 0.953). For analysis of the cut off score for quality of life (QoL) against the total sums of all parts of the ET, the value of 14.5 (AUC 0.892) forms the cut off between the negative and the positive clinical finding. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study support the use of ET as a rapid screening tool for the detection of depression, anxiety and distress in cancer patients.
- MeSH
- časná detekce nádoru MeSH
- deprese diagnóza epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kvalita života * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory * komplikace MeSH
- plošný screening MeSH
- psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
- psychometrie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- teploměry MeSH
- úzkost diagnóza epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- úzkostné poruchy diagnóza epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Introduction: Simultaneous Bilateral Cataract Surgery (SBCS) is still a relatively controversial procedure. The main objection is the risk of bilateral endophthalmitis or bilateral refractive error. However, SBCS has also some advantages (faster visual rehabilitation, lower risk of nosocomial infection, and lower cost). Performing surgery on both eyes in one session has one additional advantage which has not yet been described in the literature (according to the information available to authors). It allows surgeons to distinguish the effect of minor differences in the surgical protocol on the subjective perception of the procedure more accurately, which is a more suitable method than comparing two independent groups of patients. Purpose: To compare the effect of minor changes in the surgical protocol during SBCS on intraindividual subjective perception of surgery (pain, pressure, glare, and perception of the duration of the surgery). Methods: During the surgery of the right and left eyes of one patient, we randomly changed one surgical parameter (use of intracameral anesthesia, light intensity of the operating microscope, type of eyelid speculum, creation of the posterior circular capsulorhexis, and communication with the patient during surgery). Patients immediately after both surgeries subjectively evaluated the perception of pain (on the scale 0-10), pressure, and glare (on the scale 0-5) and estimated the duration of the surgery, separately for each eye. Each change was evaluated in a group of 50 patients. Results: In the control group with no parameters changed, we noted no difference in subjective perception of the first and second surgery. In subgroups, where we changed the protocol, we detected only minor differences in subjective perception of pain, pressure, glare, and duration of the surgery. Only one statistically significant difference in subjective pain perception was in the subgroup where we used eye intracameral anesthesia (0.34 eyes with intracameral anesthesia, 0.44 eyes with only topical anesthesia). We did not note any statistically significant differences in the perception of the time of surgery. Conclusion: SBCS can be used to optimize the parameters of cataract surgery. In our study, we noted a positive effect of intracameral anesthesia on subjective perception of surgery.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Purpose: To compare the effect of different types of intraocular tamponade and different types of postoperative positioning on the closure of idiopathic macular hole (IMH). Methods: Prospective randomized clinical trial enrolling 104 eyes of 100 patients (age, 57-87 years) undergoing MH surgery. All patients were operated on by an experienced surgeon using 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. Patients were randomized according to the type of intraocular tamponade and postoperative positioning into the following four groups: SF6 + nonsupine reading position (n = 26) (group 1), air + nonsupine reading position (n = 25) (group 2), air + prone position (n = 26) (group 3), or SF6 + prone position (n = 27) (group 4). The follow-up period was 6 months. Results: MH closure was achieved in 87 eyes (83.7 %) in the overall sample after the first surgery, with closure rates of 100%, 56%, 84.6%, and 92.6% in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The group 2 was significantly less successful compared to the other three groups (p < 0.05). MH of sizes ≤400 µm was closed in 97.2% of cases after the first surgery, with no significant differences between groups (p = 0.219). MH with sizes over 400 µm was closed in 70.9% of cases after the first surgery, with both groups with air tamponade being significantly less successful than group 1. The nonsupine reading position was subjected to a better subjective evaluation in terms of postoperative comfort and quality of sleep, with no differences between air and SF6 tamponade tolerance. Conclusion: PPV with ILM peeling, intraocular tamponade, and positioning remains the basic surgical approach in the treatment of IMH. For MH ≤ 400 µm, a high closure rate can be achieved by combining air tamponade and nonsupine reading position. For macular holes >400 µm, the greatest anatomical success can be achieved by using the SF6 tamponade in combination with the nonsupine reading position.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) mean for the human organism a potentially dangerous situation. An investigation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides important information about a character of CNS impairment in the decision-making diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm. The authors present a brief overview of available cerebrospinal fluid assays, shortened indication criteria, a recommended algorithm of CSF assessment in different suspected diseases, and a view of the external quality system. The whole portfolio of obtainable CSF methodology is further subdivided according to the adequate choice into the first and inevitable basic routine panel, and following complicated analyses of highly specialized character. The basic panel is considered for standard laboratories, the complete specialized assessment should be provided by a super-consulting laboratory.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- cytologické techniky MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- makrofágy MeSH
- mozkomíšní mok chemie cytologie MeSH
- proteiny v mozkomíšním moku analýza MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
The Czech Republic reported one of the highest incidence rate in cutaneous melanoma (CM) in Europe and because this incidence has been increasing, mainly among young people, the main goal of our study was to establish sun exposure behavior risk factors for CM formation and to evaluate whether the young generation of Czechs is exposed to a higher risk of CM than the older generation. A questionnaire-based case-control study was conducted. We obtained 978 completed questionnaires: 216 from patients with CM and 762 from healthy respondents. The healthy individuals were further divided to adolescents (n = 460) and older respondents (n = 302). Three logistic regression models were developed: 1. patients with CM vs. healthy older respondents, 2. adolescents vs. healthy older respondents, and 3. patients with CM vs. adolescents. The main risk factors for all three models were the number of sunburn episodes and the use of the sunscreen in the childhood. The most alarming results for adolescents included: all day sun exposure, including times of maximum risk (11 AM to 3 PM), inadequate use of sunscreen in adulthood, and frequent mountain holidays. Our results show that sun-safety in the young generation is satisfactory, when the responsibility for sun exposure behavior is in the hands of their parents; however, when children become adolescents, they become immune to sun-safety and risk prevention campaigns and their behavior becomes much more risky. Our results further suggest the sun-safety campaigns need to be modified in such a way as to have greater impact and influence on adolescent sun-risk behaviors.
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom epidemiologie etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nádory kůže epidemiologie etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- přípravky chránící proti slunci terapeutické užití MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- sluneční spáleniny komplikace epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- sluneční záření škodlivé účinky MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
