This study deals with the comprehensive phytochemical composition and antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 of acidic (non-decarboxylated) and neutral (decarboxylated) ethanolic extracts from seven high-cannabidiol (CBD) and two high-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) Cannabis sativa L. genotypes. Their secondary metabolite profiles, phytocannabinoid, terpenoid, and phenolic, were determined by LC-UV, GC-MS, and LC-MS/MS analyses, respectively. All three secondary metabolite profiles, cannabinoid, terpenoid, and phenolic, varied significantly among cannabinoid extracts of different genotypes. The dose-response analyses of their antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 showed that only the single predominant phytocannabinoids (CBD or THC) of the neutral extracts exhibited antiviral activity (all IC50 < 10.0 μM). The correlation matrix between phytoconstituent levels and antiviral activity revealed that the phenolic acids, salicylic acid and its glucoside, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid, and two flavonoids, abietin, and luteolin, in different cannabinoid extracts from high-CBD genotypes are implicated in the genotype-distinct antagonistic effects on the predominant phytocannabinoid. On the other hand, these analyses also suggested that the other phytocannabinoids and the flavonoid orientin can enrich the extract's pharmacological profiles. Thus, further preclinical studies on cannabinoid extract formulations with adjusted non-phytocannabinoid compositions are warranted to develop supplementary antiviral treatments.
Apple replant disease (ARD) is a significant factor restricting the healthy development of the apple industry. Biological control is an important and sustainable method for mitigating ARD. In this study, a strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa GRY-11 was isolated and screened from the rhizosphere soil of healthy apple trees in old apple orchards in Shandong Province, China, and the effects of strain GRY-11 on soil microbial community and ARD were studied. The result showed that P. polymyxa GRY-11 could effectively inhibit the growth of the main pathogenic fungi that caused ARD, and the inhibition rates of the strain against Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium solani, and Fusarium oxysporum were 80.00%, 71.60%, 75.00%, and 70.00%, respectively. In addition, the fermentation supernatant played an active role in suppressing the growth of pathogenic fungi. The results of the pot experiment showed that the bacterial fertilizer of the GRY-11 promoted the growth of Malus hupehensis seedlings, improved the activity of protective enzymes in plant roots, enhanced the soil enzyme content, and optimized the soil microbial environment. In general, the GRY-11 can be used as an effective microbial preparation to alleviate ARD. Our study offers novel perspectives for the prevention of ARD.
- MeSH
- antibióza MeSH
- biologická kontrola škůdců * MeSH
- biologická ochrana * MeSH
- Fusarium růst a vývoj MeSH
- houby růst a vývoj MeSH
- kořeny rostlin mikrobiologie MeSH
- Malus * mikrobiologie růst a vývoj MeSH
- nemoci rostlin * mikrobiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Paenibacillus polymyxa * izolace a purifikace fyziologie genetika klasifikace MeSH
- půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
- rhizosféra MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Čína MeSH
Konopí seté (Cannabis sativa) je rostlina, která byla do 19. století v Čechách i na Moravě zdrojem suroviny pro výrobu textilního materiálu kanafasu. S rozvojem výzkumu endokanabinoidního systému se tato rostlina dostává opět do popředí zájmu. Endokanabinoidní systém ovlivňuje homeostázu celého organismu na bázi modulace aktivity jiných neurotransmiterů, např. nocicepci, kognici, spasticitu, spánek aj. Kanabinoidní receptory se nachází v periferním (CB2) i centrálním nervovém systému (CB1), ale i v pojivových tkáních a imunitním systému. Nejznámějšími účinnými molekulami je delta-9-tetrahydrokanabinol (THC) a kanabidiol (CBD). Prezentuji kazuistiku pacienta s chronickými vertebrogenními obtížemi a polyneuropatií dolních končetin doprovázenou neuropatickou bolestí. Léčebné konopí v monoterapii nebo kombinované terapii může být dobrou volbou pro pacienty při léčbě neuropatické bolesti v individualizované léčbě.
Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is a herb which was used for the production of canvas until the 19th century in Bohemia and Moravia. The progress in research focused on endocanabinoid system brings this herb into the focus again. Endocanabinoid system influences homeostasis of the whole organism due to modulation of neurotransmiter activity and subsequently the nociception, cognition, spasticity, sleep etc. Cannabinoid receptors are situated in the peripheral (CB2) and central nervous system (CB1), as well as in the connective tissue and immune system. The best-known effective molecules are delta-9-tetrahydrocanabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). I present a case report of a patient with chronic vertebrogenic problems and polyneuropathy of the lower extremities accompanied by neuropathic pain. Medical cannabis in monotherapy or in combination therapy can be a good choice for patients with neuropathic pain in individualized treatment.
- MeSH
- Cannabis * MeSH
- endokanabinoidy farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- kanabidiol metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- kazuistiky jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- marihuana pro léčebné účely * farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- neuralgie diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- receptory kanabinoidní MeSH
- tetrahydrokanabinol metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid from Cannabis sativa L., in which there is currently growing interest for medicinal use. Here, we focused on the safety and pharmacokinetics of a CBD-rich (77 %, w/w) full-spectrum hemp extract in male and female rats. A 90-day sub-chronic toxicity assay was conducted with doses of 0.5, 5, 10, and 35 mg CBD extract/kg/day administered orogastrically. No adverse effects or disruption in organ or body weight, behaviour, locomotion, food intake, or impact on morbidity/mortality were observed. Pathomorphological examination showed no gastrointestinal or liver changes. Blood cell analysis showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the number of leukocytes for both sexes, and a significant difference (p < 0.01 or 0.05) between the control and treated animals for mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes, and percentage of neutrophils and monocytes. However, blood cell analysis revealed significant (p < 0.05) sex-dependent differences, such as haematocrit and erythrocyte count. The levels of ions (Ca2+, Na+, K+ and Cl-), alkaline phosphatase activity, and creatinine level in treated animals were also observed for both sexes. Males exhibited decreased alanine transaminase activities, and females exhibited hyperalbuminemia (p < 0.01). CBD was quantified in treated animals in a dose-dependent manner, with statistical significance varying from p < 0.05 to 0.0001. The accumulation of CBD in the individual tissues increased in the order: brain < serum < liver < heart << kidney <<< muscle and skin. The results indicated sex-dependent latent disruption of kidney and liver homeostasis, most likely reversible in nature.
- MeSH
- Cannabis * chemie MeSH
- kanabidiol * toxicita farmakokinetika MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- potkani Sprague-Dawley MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty * toxicita MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- testy subchronické toxicity MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Agrimonia eupatoria L. (AE) has a rich tradition of use in wound healing improvement across various cultures worldwide. In previous studies, we revealed that Agrimonia eupatoria L. water extract (AE) possesses a rich polyphenolic composition, displaying remarkable antioxidant properties. Our investigations also demonstrated that lipophosphonoxin (LPPO) exhibited antibacterial efficacy in vitro while preserving the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Building upon our prior findings, in this study, we intended to examine whether a combination of AE and LPPO could enhance skin wound healing while retaining antibacterial attributes. The antibacterial activity of AE/LPPO against Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated, alongside its effects on fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, the formation of extracellular matrix (ECM), and endothelial cells and keratinocyte proliferation/phenotype. We also investigated AE/LPPO's impact on TGF-β1 and VEGF-A signaling in keratinocytes/fibroblasts and endothelial cells, respectively. Additionally, wound healing progression in rats was examined through macroscopic observation and histological analysis. Our results indicate that AE/LPPO promotes myofibroblast-like phenotypic changes and augments ECM deposition. Clinically relevant, the AE/LPPO did not disrupt TGF-β1 and VEGF-A signaling and accelerated wound closure in rats. Notably, while AE and LPPO individually exhibited antibacterial activity, their combination did not lead to synergism, rather decreasing antibacterial activity, warranting further examination. These findings underscore substantial wound healing improvement facilitated by AE/LPPO, requiring further exploration in animal models closer to human physiology.
- MeSH
- Agrimonia * chemie MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- fibroblasty účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- hojení ran * účinky léků MeSH
- keratinocyty účinky léků MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- potkani Sprague-Dawley MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus * účinky léků MeSH
- transformující růstový faktor beta1 metabolismus MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Introduction: The use of Cannabis sativa L. in health care requires stringent care for the optimal production of the bioactive compounds. However, plant phenotypes and the content of secondary metabolites, such as phytocannabinoids, are strongly influenced by external factors, such as nutrient availability. It has been shown that phytocannabinoids can exhibit selective cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines while protecting healthy tissue from apoptosis. Research Aim: This study aimed to clarify the cytotoxic effect of cannabis extracts on colorectal cell lines by identifying the main active compounds and determining their abundance and activity across all developmental stages of medical cannabis plants cultivated under hydroponic conditions. Materials and Methods: Dimethyl sulfoxide extracts of medical cannabis plants bearing the genotype classified as chemotype I were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and their cytotoxic activity was determined by measuring cell viability by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay on the human colon cancer cell lines, Caco-2 and HT-29, and the normal human epithelial cell line, CCD 841 CoN. Results: The most abundant phytocannabinoid in cannabis extracts was tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA). Its maximum concentrations were reached from the 7th to the 13th plant vegetation week, depending on the nutritional cycle and treatment. Almost all extracts were cytotoxic to the human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line HT-29 at lower concentrations than the other cell lines. The phytocannabinoids that most affected the cytotoxicity of individual extracts on HT-29 were cannabigerol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabigerolic acid, and THCA. The tested model showed almost 70% influence of these cannabinoids. However, THCA alone influenced the cytotoxicity of individual extracts by nearly 65%. Conclusions: Phytocannabinoid extracts from plants of the THCA-dominant chemotype interacted synergistically and showed selective cytotoxicity against the CRC cell line, HT-29. This positive extract response indicates possible therapeutic value.
- MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- Cannabis * chemie MeSH
- hydroponie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- marihuana pro léčebné účely * MeSH
- tetrahydrokanabinol analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- adaptogeny,
- MeSH
- Astragalus MeSH
- fytoterapie metody MeSH
- imunitní systém MeSH
- léčivé rostliny * MeSH
- Lepidium MeSH
- Leuzea MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychický stres terapie MeSH
- Rhodiola MeSH
- ženšen MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- tužebník jilmový,
- MeSH
- Filipendula * chemie MeSH
- fytoterapie MeSH
- léčivé rostliny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
