The purpose of the study was to determine whether running is associated with greater bone mineral density (BMD) by comparing the BMD of regularly active male runners (AR) with inactive nonrunner male controls (INC). This cross-sectional study recruited 327 male AR and 212 male INC (aged 18-65) via a stratified recruitment strategy. BMD of the whole body (WB) and partial segments (spine, lumbar spine (LS), leg, hip, femoral neck (FN), and arm for each side) were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and lower leg dominance (dominant-D/nondominant-ND) was established by functional testing. An ANCOVA was used to compare AR and INC. The AR had greater BMD for all segments of the lower limb (p<0.05), but similar BMD for all segments of the upper limb (p>0.05) compared with INC. Based on the pairwise comparison of age groups, AR had greater BMD of the ND leg in every age group compared with INC (p<0.05). AR had grater BMD of the D leg in every age group except for (26-35 and 56-65) compare with INC (p<0.05). In the youngest age group (18-25), AR had greater BMD in every measured part of lower extremities (legs, hips, femoral necks) compared with INC (p<0.05). In the 46-55 age group AR had greater BMD than INC (p < 0.05) only in the WB, D Leg, D neck, and ND leg. In the 56-65 age group AR had greater BMD than INC (p<0.05) only in the ND leg. Overall, AR had greater BMD compared with INC in all examined sites except for the upper limbs, supporting the notion that running may positively affect bone parameters. However, the benefits differ in the skeletal sites specifically, as the legs had the highest BMD difference between AR and INC. Moreover, the increase in BMD from running decreased with age.
- MeSH
- absorpční fotometrie * MeSH
- bederní obratle fyziologie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- běh * fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kostní denzita * fyziologie MeSH
- krček femuru diagnostické zobrazování fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: The new second-generation computer system BS-II (Bio-Spine-II) based on the National Instruments' development environment has been designed and constructed for evaluating the stability of various surgical fixative methods of the cadaverous lumbar spine (L1-L5). BS-II holds the measured sample using aluminum fixtures and using four computer-controlled stepper motors; it performs a circular movement (warm up of the specimen), programmatically driven extension (back bend), right and left lateral flexion (lateral bend), left and right axial torsion (rotation), and axial compression (pressure). Four strain gauges are used to measure the stiffness of the sample. The movement of individual components (vertebrae) is contactlessly monitored by two CCD (charge couple device) cameras. The obtained data are in digital form continuously stored in the computer memory for further processing. METHODS: The functionality of the equipment was verified on the cadaverous specimen of the human spine. The stiffness of the sample was measured by strain gauges, and the results were processed using linear regression analysis. Movements of vertebrae were determined by circular discs covered with appropriate patterns. The discs have been linked with the respective vertebrae and were contactlessly monitored by two CCD (charge couple device) cameras and evaluated using digital image processing methods and 2D digital FFT (fast Fourier transformation). Direction and displacement of the individual components were determined by the band of the calculated spectrum. The new device BS-II is controlled by a modifiable computer program designed in the National Instruments' development environment which allows statistical processing of the sample, including its warming up. RESULTS: The computer system BS-II for measurement of biomechanical properties of the spine sample was designed. Functionality of the device was verified by implementation of LUMIR XLIF CAGE implant into a cadaver sample of the human spine. Comparison of the rigidity of the intact and stabilized sample is shown in the graphs of article. The achieved results contributed to certification of the implant into the surgical practice. CONCLUSION: The designed computer BS-II system is designed for biomechanical measurements of the lumbar part of the human spine, especially for verification of surgical fixation methods. The system is based on the knowledge and experience with a manually operated measuring device designed by Palacky University Olomouc. The computer programmatic control allows the user to change the conditions and parameters of the measurement procedure in a planned way, which allows the results to be processed in, among other things, a statistical way. If suitable models are used (3D printing), the BS-II system can be used to verify procedures for surgical stabilization of the spine in the training of future doctors. The obtained data of stiffness and image information are stored in digital form and can be used for next offline sophisticated study of biomechanical properties of specimens (accurate vertebral geometry, statistical processing, 3D printing, etc.). The usefulness of the BS-II system is demonstrated in the case of biomechanical analysis of the implantation of LUMIR XLIF CAGE implant to a human cadaver specimen of the spine.
- MeSH
- bederní obratle diagnostické zobrazování fyziologie chirurgie MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mrtvola MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu * MeSH
- protézy a implantáty MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Seventh edition xi, 336 stran, 3 nečíslované listy obrazové přílohy : ilustrace ; 28 cm
The seventh edition of this volume deals with the head and the spinal column and has been expanded with the inclusion of new diagrams and particular topics. This book is intended for medical and physical therapy students; and for practising physicians and surgeons wishing to increase their knowledge of the functional anatomy of the locomotor system. Nakladatelská anotace. Kráceno.
Some data suggest that exposure to levetiracetam (LEV) might be associated with a risk for bone health in the model of orchidectomized rats. The aim of this study was to investigate if there is any significant risk of LEV for bone health in the model of gonadally intact animals. Wistar rats were divided into a control group and a test group, 8 rats in each group. The control rats received standard laboratory diet (SLD) while rats in the test group were fed SLD enriched with LEV for 12 weeks. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure BMD of the whole body, femur and lumbar vertebrae. The concentrations of bone markers were examined in bone homogenate. Both femurs and tibiae were used for biomechanical testing. We found in the LEV group significantly decreased absolute and relative values of adipose tissue, higher whole-body BMD, higher right tibia cortical thickness, and a significantly increased concentration of Bone Alkaline Phosphatase (BALP) and cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) compared with the control group. The results suggest that the long-term administration of LEV in the model of gonadally intact rats does not have a negative effect on bone. Significant increase in BMD and cortical thickness of the right tibia may indicate even a positive influence on the properties of bone. Further studies will be necessary in animals and humans to confirm these findings.
- MeSH
- bederní obratle anatomie a histologie účinky léků metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- biologické markery metabolismus MeSH
- biomechanika účinky léků MeSH
- femur anatomie a histologie účinky léků metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- kostní denzita účinky léků MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- piracetam analogy a deriváty farmakologie MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost účinky léků MeSH
- velikost orgánu účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- bederní obratle fyziologie patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- raketové sporty MeSH
- rozsah kloubních pohybů MeSH
- sportovní úrazy prevence a kontrola MeSH
- strečink metody MeSH
- terapie cvičením metody metody MeSH
- zádové svalstvo fyziologie patofyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
Pain-provoking disorders of the lumbar spine affect most of adult population and nearly everyone suffers from some of them during their lifetime. A common symptom of diseases, injuries or inevitable changes in the area of lumbar spine is known as the Low Back Pain (LBP). A chronic form of the LBP, called the Low Back Pain syndrome, is mostly caused by degenerative changes of intervertebral discs of the lowest intervertebral joints. The work was focused on in vitro analysis of the porcine lumbar spine kinematics. Two last neighbouring intervertebral joints without active tissue, L4/5 and L5/6, were used. The total number of fifteen cadaveric samples of porcine lumbar spine was involved. A unique loading mechanism was designed and constructed for the purposes of this study. Samples were loaded by flexion/extension movement within the physiological range of motion of ± 5°, in a quasi-static mode. The recording and analysing of the lumbar spine kinematics was realized by the motion capture camera system (Qualisys AB, Göteborg, Sweden). The results showed that the so-called instantaneous axis of rotation (IAR), or the corresponding instantaneous centre of rotation (ICR), was an adequate objective parameter for the assessment of the lumbar spine kinematics. Its position was comparable across all samples and situated very close to the spinal canal. For the purposes of this work, an altered artificial disc of a ball-and-socket type (ProSpon, Ltd., Kladno, Czech Republic) was used to study the kinematics of two neighbouring joints after the disc replacement in the area of a caudally situated one. The results of this comparative analysis showed a significant influence of the artificial disc on the kinematics of both, caudally situated joint, where the disc was implanted, and the adjacent one.
- MeSH
- bederní obratle anatomie a histologie fyziologie MeSH
- biologické modely MeSH
- bolesti zad * etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lumbalgie MeSH
- rotace MeSH
- točivý moment MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- bederní obratle fyziologie MeSH
- degenerace meziobratlové ploténky chirurgie MeSH
- fúze páteře MeSH
- imunohistochemie MeSH
- kostní denzita fyziologie MeSH
- mezibuněčné signální peptidy a proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- meziobratlová ploténka chirurgie inervace MeSH
- osteogeneze fyziologie MeSH
- peptid spojený s genem pro kalcitonin metabolismus MeSH
- plazma bohatá na destičky MeSH
- potkani Sprague-Dawley MeSH
- spinální ganglia metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
AIM: The aim of the study was to develop a computational module for the prediction of compressive force on the L4/L5 disc suitable for use in field settings. METHOD: The value of compressive force is intended to be used as a proxy measure of the mechanical burden of low-back when performing work activities. The compressive force predicted by the module in a particular worker should be compared with the NIOSH limit value of 3,400 N for the assessment of lumbar spine load during manual lifting tasks. Exceeding the limit will be considered as the fulfilment of "hygienic criterion" that should be met to acknowledge low-back disorder as an occupational disease. To develop the computational module we used the ergonomic software TECNOMATIX Classic Jack taking into account the anthropometric parameters of a worker and ergonomic parameters of his/her work activity. RESULTS: We calculated compressive forces on the L4/L5 disc in about 1,300 simulated combinations of various factors influencing compressive force. Parameters which turned out to be crucial for the compression of L4/L5 disc were included in the computational algorithm. CONCLUSION: Our study was primarily aimed at the assessment of lumbar disorders as occupational diseases. Moreover, the study can contribute to the recommendation of preventive measures to decrease health risks in occupations associated with the overload of low-back region. The graphic maps generated by the computational module enable a fast and exact analysis of particular job.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- antropometrie MeSH
- bederní obratle fyziologie MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- ergonomie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lumbalgie epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- národní institut pro bezpečnost a zdraví při práci (USA) MeSH
- nemoci z povolání epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- postura těla fyziologie MeSH
- posuzování zdravotní způsobilosti MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- software MeSH
- zatížení muskuloskeletálního systému fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
Cílem předkládané práce je shrnout současné základní poznatky o degenerativním onemocnění bederní páteře se zaměřením na epidemiologii, anatomii, etiopatogenezi a vymezit základní dosud známé diagnostické jednotky jako výchozí předpoklad pro další kroky v procesu zkoumání a posléze posuzování a uznávání profesionality onemocnění bederní páteře.
The article summarizes present basic knowledge of degenerative diseases of lumbar spine concerning epidemiology, anatomy, etiopathogenesis and outlines basic so far known diagnostic units as initial presumption for further steps in the process of investigation and subsequently the assessment and acknowledgement of occupational origin of the lumbar spine diseases.
- MeSH
- bederní obratle * anatomie a histologie fyziologie MeSH
- chronická nemoc MeSH
- degenerace meziobratlové ploténky etiologie MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- difuzní idiopatická skeletální hyperostóza etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lumbalgie epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- meziobratlová ploténka anatomie a histologie MeSH
- nemoci páteře * diagnóza epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- nemoci z povolání MeSH
- poranění z opakovaného přetěžování * MeSH
- spinální stenóza diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- spondylartritida diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- spondylolistéza diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- spondylolýza diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- spondylóza diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- výhřez meziobratlové ploténky diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Introduction. Different spine sagittal contours in classic and lumbar Scheuermann's disease are associated with various muscle imbalance. Material and methods. A randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of kinesiotherapy programs in patients with Scheuermann's kyphosis and lumbar Scheuermann's aged 16–26 years (mean age 20.6 ± 0.3 years) was performed. We evaluated the mobility of the spine and hip joints, the roentgenometric magnitude of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, the parameters of EMG of the lumbar part of the muscles erector spinae using surface electrodes. Patients interviewed on the visual analogue scale (VAS), on the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, version 2.0 (ODI), on the Pain and Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS) – 20. Results. After the treatment in groups with kinesiotherapy program was observed the increase of general spine mobility while bending forward, the increase of hip joint movements in sagittal plane and significant improvement VAS, ODI and PASS as compared with the control groups in the classic and atypical forms of the Scheuermann's disease, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion. We associate the efficiency of the kinesiotherapy program with applying a differential approach to prescribing the exercises according to the variation of sagittal spinal alignment.
- MeSH
- bederní obratle fyziologie radiografie MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektromyografie MeSH
- hrudní obratle fyziologie radiografie MeSH
- kineziologie aplikovaná * metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- kyčelní kloub fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lumbalgie rehabilitace MeSH
- měření bolesti MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- posturální rovnováha MeSH
- rozsah kloubních pohybů MeSH
- Scheuermannova nemoc * radiografie rehabilitace terapie MeSH
- spokojenost pacientů MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- svalová hypertonie komplikace rehabilitace MeSH
- techniky fyzikální terapie * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zádové svalstvo fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
