Colonies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae laboratory strains pass through specific developmental phases when growing on solid respiratory medium. During entry into the so-called alkali phase, in which ammonia signaling is initiated, 2 prominent cell types are formed within the colonies: U cells in upper colony regions, which have a longevity phenotype and activate the expression of a large number of metabolic genes, and L cells in lower regions, which die more quickly and exhibit a starvation phenotype. Here, we performed a detailed analysis of the activities of enzymes of central carbon metabolism in lysates of both cell types and determined several fermentation end products, showing that previously reported expression differences are reflected in the different enzymatic capabilities of each cell type. Hence, U cells, despite being grown on respiratory medium, behave as fermenting cells, whereas L cells rely on respiratory metabolism and possess active gluconeogenesis. Using a spectrum of different inhibitors, we showed that glycolysis is essential for the formation, and particularly, the survival of U cells. We also showed that β-1,3-glucans that are released from the cell walls of L cells are the most likely source of carbohydrates for U cells.
- MeSH
- beta-glukany metabolismus MeSH
- buněčná stěna metabolismus MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- fermentace * účinky léků MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- glykolýza * účinky léků MeSH
- inhibitory enzymů farmakologie MeSH
- kultivační média chemie metabolismus MeSH
- mikrobiální viabilita MeSH
- mikrobiologické techniky metody MeSH
- počet mikrobiálních kolonií MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae účinky léků enzymologie genetika růst a vývoj MeSH
- sériové pasážování MeSH
- substrátová specifita MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This new biological test of water toxicity is based on monitoring of specific conductivity changes of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae suspension as a result of yeast fermentation activity inhibition in toxic conditions. The test was verified on ten substances with various mechanisms of toxic effect and the results were compared with two standard toxicity tests based on Daphnia magna mobility inhibition (EN ISO 6341) and Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition (EN ISO 11348-2) and with the results of the S. cerevisiae lethal test (Rumlova and Dolezalova, 2012). The new biological test - S. cerevisiae conductometric test - is an express method developed primarily for field conditions. It is applicable in case of need of immediate information about water toxicity. Fast completion is an advantage of this test (time necessary for test completion is about 60min), the test is simple and the test organism - dried instant yeast - belongs among its biggest advantages because of its long-term storage life and broad availability.
- MeSH
- Aliivibrio fischeri účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu toxicita MeSH
- Daphnia účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- fermentace účinky léků MeSH
- inhibiční koncentrace 50 MeSH
- konduktometrie metody MeSH
- LD50 MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- testy toxicity metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- fermentace účinky léků MeSH
- ionofory farmakologie MeSH
- monensin farmakologie MeSH
- nisin farmakologie MeSH
- přežvýkavci metabolismus mikrobiologie parazitologie účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- MeSH
- fenoly MeSH
- fermentace účinky léků MeSH
- kyseliny mastné těkavé MeSH
- skot MeSH
- xenobiotika MeSH
- žaludek přežvýkavců metabolismus mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- MeSH
- fermentace účinky léků MeSH
- lipnicovité MeSH
- monensin farmakologie MeSH
- přežvýkavci fyziologie metabolismus MeSH
- pšenice MeSH
- trávení MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- techniky in vitro MeSH
