Introduction: Infection risk from the misuse of multi-dose medicinal products is a seriousproblem which affects final consumer health and may impact on thereputation of pharmaceutical companies adversely. Objectives:The current study aimed to trace the most important contributing factors in the infection transfer through the application of two selected types of medicinal topical creamsfor the treatment of skin disease conditions. Methods: One type of the product that was subjected to the present study is anti-psoriatic while the other is steroidal anti-inflammatory antimicrobial creams that were packed in Aluminum tubes with orifice diameter of 0.173 cm2, approximately. The simulation study – conducted on these topical creams - integrated preservative efficacy test (PET) with dose-response model of infection to demonstrate the probability of infection that could occur due to unintentional transmission of pathogenic bacteria to damaged or injured skin of the patient. Results:The studied model showed that although both products possessed antimicrobial power activity against standard strain microorganisms, yet the critical factor is the hygienic control of hands and fingers during application of the cream on the affected area. Conclusion:The medicinal products itself were little affected by microbial contamination when they were enclosed in their primary packaging materials as was observed by the in-use study. However, the most important part was that portion of the product that was transferred to the patient skin. From the simulation study, it was expected that the situation could be aggravated if the hyiegenic practice was underestimated by hospital staff.
Obesity is a major health problem that is increasing in an alarming rate and is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. New strategies to combat obesity epidemic are urgently needed, but gaps in understanding of obesity pathogenesis continue to limit progress in this goal. This review aims at discussing the neural aspects of obesity and the brain potential role in energy balance, also to contribute in the complex solution of obesity puzzle on neurological basis. The hypothalamic region of the brain is the center that plays an important role in the control of feeding and its related behaviors. A better understanding of its role and how it is affected by neuroendocrine and adipokines signaling might be helpful in developing new pharmacological therapy for obesity. Also, this article highlights different mechanisms by which altered brain signaling and hypothalamic inflammation predispose to diet–induced obesity.
- MeSH
- adiponektin metabolismus MeSH
- chuť k jídlu fyziologie MeSH
- endoplazmatické retikulum metabolismus MeSH
- energetický metabolismus MeSH
- ghrelin metabolismus MeSH
- hypothalamus * imunologie patofyziologie MeSH
- leptin metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neuropeptidy MeSH
- NF-kappa B MeSH
- obezita * metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- protein SOCS3 MeSH
- renin-angiotensin systém MeSH
- signální transdukce MeSH
- systém hypofýza - nadledviny MeSH
- zánět MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Vitamin D deficiency is a major health problem in the Saudi population. A negative association between blood pressure and vitamin D level has been suggested in several clinical and epidemiological studies and evidence for an effect of vitamin D in lowering blood pressure was reported. These findings indicate that 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension through its effect on the renin-angiotensin system. We are the first to investigate the correlation between blood pressure or renin concentration and vitamin D status in the Saudi population METHODS: we included 201 healthy Saudi premenopausal females (20-45 years old). Blood pressure was measured by a standardized method using an automated blood pressure monitor (BPTru). Fasting blood samples were collected from each participant after 20 minutes of rest in the seated position. Serum cholicalciferol, PTH and renin concentration were measured by sandwich chemiluminescence immunoassay method (DiaSorin, Italy). RESULTS: The analysis included 192 subjects who were normotensive (blood pressure <140/90 mmHg). A total of 34% of women had a severe deficiency (vitamin D ≤ 12.5 nmol/L); 41% had moderate deficiency (vitamin D levels between 12.5 - 25 nmol/L); 23% had mild deficiency (vitamin D level ≥ 25 - < 50 nmol/L); and 2% had insufficiency (vitamin D level ≥ 50 - ≤ 75 nmol/L). None had a sufficient level of ≥75 nmol/L. The systolic blood pressure ranged from 79-130.5 mmHg and the diastolic from 48.5-85.5 mmHg. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in women that were in the lower 2 quartiles of vitamin D. However, linear regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders showed that 25(OH)D level was not a predictor of either systolic or diastolic blood pressures. A negative correlation (although not significant) was found between vitamin D level and plasma renin concentration in this study group. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent among the study group. Vitamin D was a not a predictor of either systolic or diastolic blood pressure. There was a negative correlation between vitamin D level and renin concentration although not statically significant. It is possible that any underlying relationship was obscured by the relatively young age group or due to the narrow blood pressure range of the studied population. A larger sample size including hypertensive subjects may be needed.
Nevus lipomatosus superficialis is a rare hamartomatous malformation which is composed of ectopic adipocytes in the dermis. It was first reported in 1921 by Hoffmann and Zurhelle. Two clinical forms of nevus lipomatosus superficialis have been described: classical (multiple) and solitary. Classical form of nevus lipomatosus superficialis is usually found on pelvic girdle, trunk, buttocks and thighs as soft, skin colored papules or nodules. It is usually present at birth or it appears in the first two decades of life. The solitary form of lipomatosus superficialis appears as a solitary papule or nodule on the back, scalp and arms of the patients with late onset. The lesions are usually asymptomatic, however some patients may complain about pain and itching. Malignant transformation of nevus lipomatosis superficialis has not been reported yet. Therefore, surgical intervention is only necessary for the patients who have cosmetic concerns. Recurrence after surgical removal is very rare. Perineum is an uncommon localization for nevus lipomatosus superficialis. Hereby, we report a 55-year-old Caucasian female with a 6x5,5x4 cm mass in the perineal region. The patient had cosmetic concerns, therefore she wanted the lesion to be removed surgically. The lesion was surgically removed. The histopathological evaluation of the specimen revealed nevus lipomatosus superficialis. A solitary type of giant nevus lipomatosus superficialis in the perineal region of a patient over the age of 50 is a very rare condition. Even rarely seen, nevus lipomatosus superficialis should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of perineal masses.
- MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- névus * diagnóza chirurgie patologie MeSH
- perineum patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
The widespread introduction of dental implant in the dental practice will determine progress and the future of prosthetic dentistry. At the same time, like any new direction dental implantation has generated a lot of questions and unsolved problems. On many of these issues and problems can be answered only by using morphological methods. Therefore, after the development of a new construction of the dental implant one of the main issues was the question of its interaction with the jawbone and soft tissues of the oral cavity. We performed the experiment on 24 long snout dogs of both sexes, weighing 30-35 kg, with normal bite, at the age of 20-24 months. Animals were divided into 2 groups, according to samples of screw dental implants used in the experiment: basic group - 12 dogs in which were used samples of the new construction of dental implant “Implant.uz” (Uzbekistan); control group – 12 dogs in which were applied screw dental implant system “Dentium” (South Korea). Terms of derivation of animals from experiments were 1, 3, and 6 months. By using morphological techniques were studied implants “Implant.uz” from medical titanium BT-1.00 brand, their interaction with bone of alveolar ridge. “Implant.uz” did not cause pathological changes in the bone tissue of alveolar ridges of jaws and could be an alternative to known dental implants.
The increase in the number of acute respiratory infections in children, accompanied by airway obstruction, often leads to the development of stenotic laryngotracheitis. The primary factors are respiratory viruses, and bacterial flora often joining together, changing the type of the disease which is determined by its outcome. Exposure to infectious agents in the body contribute to the development of chronic infectious diseases of the respiratory tract in children, resulting in damages to the ciliary epithelium and weakening of its connection with the basal cells and the basement membrane. This, in turn, facilitates the penetration of allergens and other inflammation stimulants into submucosal tissue. We have studied the state of the microbial landscape of the mucous membranes in the upper respiratory tract in 275 patients with stenosing laryngotracheitis; they are children aged 6 months to 5 years. All patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included 122 children with primary stenosing laryngotracheitis (PSLT); group 2 were 153 patients with recurrent stenosing laryngotracheitis (RSLT). We noted that the most common mucosal lesion of germs in all age groups falls on Staphylococcus aureus. It has been established that the nasopharynx microbial defeat is found twice as often at RSLT than at PSLT. In older children with RSLT, oropharynx was frequently a complex association of pathogens.
The aim of this research was to investigate the macro- and microelements composition in the cerebrospinal fluid and in the blood serum of patients, with different consequences of TBI before and after complex treatment, with the use of endolumbal and intracystal introduction of ozone and pyracetam in dynamics. Macro- and microelements composition was investigated in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of 83 patients. State of neurological disorders in patients evaluated by the Glasgow Outcome Scale was extended. Thus, positive changes may be noted in the metabolism of macro- and microelements in the blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients who were treated according to our introductions of ozone.
- MeSH
- biochemická analýza krve MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mozkomíšní mok MeSH
- ozon * terapeutické užití MeSH
- piracetam * terapeutické užití MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
- poranění mozku * terapie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Early diagnosis of optic neuritis (ON) is essential to prevent or limit the structural damage and permanent loss of visual function. The aim of this study was to estimate prognostic importance of the neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in blood serum and lachrymal fluid in optic neuritis. The clinical-diagnostic examination was performed on patients with optic neuritis, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Visually Evoked Potentials (VEP), MR – tractography, as well as analysis of NSE content in blood serum and in lachrymal fluid. Decreased level of NSE in lachrymal fluid in patients with acute stage of optic neuritis and increased level of NSE in patients with optic neuritis at the stage of transition into atrophy of optic nerve disc were detected. Comparative analysis demonstrated relatively high level of NSE in lachrymal fluid at transitional stage to atrophy as compared to acute phase.
- MeSH
- biologické markery * MeSH
- časná diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nemoci zrakového nervu diagnóza MeSH
- nervus opticus * patofyziologie MeSH
- optická koherentní tomografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
A cutaneous horn is a general name for cornified material protruding from skin. On the other hand, polydactyly is a common congenital anomaly of the hand and foot which is characterized by extra finger or toe. A cutaneous horn might mimick polydactyly by resembling an extra toe. Hereby, we present a 72-year-old white Caucasian male with an extra toe-like projection on his fourth toe. Initially, polydactyly was suspected, however a cutaneous horn was also considered. The lesion was surgically removed. The histopathological examination of the specimen revealed hyperkeratosis, and thus confirmed the lesion to be a cutaneous horn.
- MeSH
- keratóza * diagnóza chirurgie patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory kůže diagnóza chirurgie patologie MeSH
- polydaktylie * diagnóza chirurgie patologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Hydatid disease is caused by tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. E. granulosus forms hydatid cysts in human body, mostly in the liver and the lung. However, isolated primary hydatid cyst of the pancreas is rarely seen. Hereby, we report a 40-year-old Caucasian female with a hydatid cyst in the body of the pancreas. The patient, complaining of vague abdominal pain was examined with abdominal ultrasound. The ultrasound scan of abdomen revealed an exophytic cystic lesion in the body of the pancreas, approximately 7.5x5 cm in size. The defined lesion was thought to be compatible with hydatid cyst stage 4-5. The surgical team informed the patient about all possible treatment options. The patient was put on albendazole treatment, 400 mg twice daily, for two months. Despite the medical treatment, the patient complained about abdominal pain and discomfort affecting her daily life. Therefore, she decided for surgical intervention. Following the intraoperative application of scolicidal hypertonic 20% NaCl solution, partial cystectomy with capitonnage was performed. The patient did well postoperatively. Isolated primary hydatid cyst of the pancreas is rarely seen, however, it should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain, especially in endemic areas.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- Echinococcus granulosus MeSH
- echinokokóza * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pankreatická cysta * diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
