The decline in physical activity levels during the transition from high school to college is evident, despite the known impact of youth and adolescent physical activity on later life. Observable trends reveal a decline in enthusiasm for sports activities and a notable decrease in motivation for engaging in physical activity. The college environment plays a pivotal role in shaping students' engagement with physical activity, presenting an opportunity to significantly enhance their quality of life. This study's primary objective is to analyse university students' attitudes toward physical activity and assess their satisfaction with compulsory physical education at Masaryk University, comparing results spanning nearly two decades. In adherence to contemporary research methodologies, a questionnaire survey combining standard quantitative and qualitative analysis procedures was conducted. The survey questions focused on examining various facets of physical activity, including volume, intensity, sports preferences, and attitudes toward mandatory physical education at Masaryk University in Brno. A total of 1,293 respondents (422 men and 871 women) with an average age of 20.7 years participated in the study. The findings underscore a notable inclination among almost 73% of students to welcome an extension of compulsory physical education to 2 or more semesters (currently set at 2 semesters at MU). Moreover, over 75% of students express contentment with the spectrum of mandatory sports activities offered in physical education. The study reveals a growing interest among students in individual physical activities and a burgeoning enthusiasm for unorganized sports. These outcomes furnish valuable insights into students' perceptions regarding the organization of physical and sports education activities within university settings.
The aim of this research is to construct a theoretical concept, theme “Recreational Freediving Program without fins” for beginners, which will be used to improve psychological conditions vital and lung capacity through an 8-week training program. The research participants were Yogyakarta State University students who were over 18 years old and had anxiety disorders as measured using the DASS-21 instrument. The reason for choosing a recreational freediving training program that does not use fins is because it is cost-effective and easy to do. Also, consider the recommended freediving training principles This research uses mixed methods. This study combines two approaches, namely qualitative and quantitative. The seven experts' participation was determined by criteria of freediving, Sport aquatic expert, sport coaching expert and phycological expert. The qualitative stage for data collection uses the Delphi technique. This research was conducted with content validity with Aiken's V index. Based on the research Aiken's analysis results compared with the value of the V table in the evaluation using 7 expert judgments with 5 alternative scales at a significance and level of 5% is V Score (0.79 to 0.89) > V table 0,75, it mean the freediving recreational exercise program with no fins that conduct to increase phycological condition and lung capacity is valid. This finding underscores some of the essential skills that are necessary for a successful and safe freediving experience for beginners who have anxiety.
School Physical Education (PE) is a crucial component of the educational process, significantly influencing students' physical, psychological, and social development. To ensure its effectiveness, teachers should thoroughly consider both the content and organizational aspects of instruction. As a part of their education, teachers should acquire adequate skills, knowledge and abilities for teaching in this way. Teacher specialization indicates their official education for teaching respective school subject (here Physical Education), which plays a pivotal role in this context. The main objective of the research presented in this article is to analyze the influence of teacher specialization in PE on PE regarding the recommended structure of lessons and on effective time use in instruction. The research methodology is based on a quantitative approach, especially video-based analysis and the chronometry method were used. The recommended structure was observed in 21 out of 35 PE lessons. In the remaining 14 lessons, the concluding part was missing, which is crucial in terms of concluding moderate-intensity physical activity, as expected during PE instruction. Since even specialized teachers did not include the concluding part, it cannot be conclusively argued in favor of their education as PE teachers. Furthermore, it was found that PE lessons were on average shortened by 12 minutes and 59 seconds, not lasting the full 45 minutes – we introduced the working term "unused time" in the text to describe this phenomenon. Regarding the use of time in PE lessons, it was surprising to find that specialized teachers had a higher average loss time by 10.2% compared to non-specialized teachers.
The paper deals with coaching bachelor degrees for strength and conditioning coaches in selected universities in Canada, Norway, Czech Republic and Slovakia. All participating countries of the research set are full members of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Based on a content analysis of curricular documents, we identify and describe similarities and differences in approaches to strength and conditioning coaching bachelor degrees. They were apparent primarily in the qualification, content and practicum profile. The study shows that the coach's bachelor's degree has different qualifications, content and practicum profiles. It is even in sharp contrast to the bachelor's level in sports coaching in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, compared to the bachelor's level in kinesiology in Canada and sports science in Norway. The more specifically designed strength and conditioning coach bachelor level of education in the Czech Republic and Slovakia differed from schooling in Canada and Norway. The fundamental difference is the longer duration of the study program and the minor number of credit units at a Canadian institution compared to European institutions. The difference in the number of optional subjects is also striking. In European institutions, they make up a maximum of 16%; in Canadian institution, it represents almost half of all courses in the study program. An automatic CSCS (NSCA) certification program option is available in Canada.
Introduction: Sprinting is a key component in the development and final results in many individual and team sports. According to recent findings on the mechanical determinants of sprint performance, resistance sprinting (RSS) may be a suitable method to improve sprint performance in the acceleration and maximum velocity phases. Methods: Sports science students (183.6 ± 5.1 cm; 85.8 ± 6.8 kg; 24.5 ± .9 yrs), who are primarily involved in collective sports, performed two-day testing. The first testing included tests of maximal strength, isometric mid-tight pull (IMTP) and explosive lower limb strength, countermovement jump with no arm movement (CMJ). The second testing was completed 48 hours later and included unresisted sprint (URS) and resisted sprint (RSS) over 20 m with three different resistances (8 oz, 12 oz, 2 lb). Results: A significant correlation was found between CMJ and speed tests (URS, RSS 8 oz, RSS 12 oz). The same applied for the relationship with IMTP and speed tests, with only one difference being that IMTP correlated also with RSS 2 lb (r = -0.58). However, observing the relationship of velocity decrease (Vdec) and performance parameters, showed the highest correlation between Vdec 8 oz and URS 20 m (r = -0.572), and also between Vdec 12 oz and CMJ (r = -0.370). At Vdec 2 lb, of all the performance parameters, IMTP (r = -0.260) was the only one which correlated. Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrate a relationship between CMJ and IMTP with unresisted sprint. Also between maximal strength test, IMTP and heavy resisted sprint.
Background: The implementation of integrated learning models in physical education (PE) increased significantly, but there were limited sources which applied teaching games for understanding-sports education (TGfU-SE) to improve learning engagement (LE) and game performance (GP) among students at university level. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of TGfU-SE towards LE and GP among students for 12 weeks. Methods: A true experimental study with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design for 12 weeks was adopted in this study. Participants were 54 students from Physical Education and Recreation Health at Singaperbangsa University Karawang (Indonesia) who were equally allocated into experimental (TGfU-SE, n = 27, 18.4 ± 0.88 year) and control groups (TGfU, n = 27, 19.0 ± 1.06 year). The self-report scales Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Students and the Game Performance Assessment Instrument were used. Student's t Paired Samples T-Test and 2 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA test were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of this study show that the TGfU-SE model had a greater effect on increasing LE (p < 0.05) and GP (p < 0.05) compared to the TGfU model. Repeated measures ANOVA shows a significant effect of time, teaching and interaction time x teaching in LE and GP (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We highlight the benefit in implementing TGfU-SE for 12 weeks which induce a positive improvement in all components of LE and GP.
PURPOSE: High jump, a complex athletic activity, involves distinct phases crucial for success, notably the take-off phase. While previous studies explored kinematic parameters' influence on high jump success, none investigated their fatigue-induced changes. This pilot study aimed to explore fatigue's impact on kinematic parameters in high jump performance. METHODS: A prominent Croatian junior high jumper underwent rested and fatigued jumping sessions. Internal fatigue was assessed via the Wellness questionnaire and session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE). External fatigue parameters were assessed through bilateral and unilateral Countermovement Jump (CMJ) height using Gyko and Optogait devices. Kinematic parameters were recorded via Logitech C920 and Xiaomi Redmi Note 8 Pro cameras, including contact time, take-off place, knee and body angles. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in knee angle touchdown (p=0,01), knee angle take-off (p=0,05), body angle touchdown (p=0,01), body angle take-off (p=0,03), knee amortization start (p=0,05), and knee amortization (p=0,01). CONCLUSION: Fatigue significantly impacts kinematic parameters in high jump, particularly affecting body inclination during take-off, knee angles, and knee amortization. Coaches should consider fatigue when planning training and competition schedules for optimal performance. Maintaining rested conditions is crucial, and targeted training can enhance muscle groups affected by fatigue during specific jump phases.
The term laterality refers to the preference or dominance of the lateral asymmetry of the human body. The prevalence of left-handedness is reported to be 10–13%, but in some interactive sports (e.g., fencing, racquet sports), the proportion of left-handers is higher. The left-handedness is considered an advantage in tennis; however, the one-sided load can cause muscular dysbalances leading to injuries. The research aim was to assess bilateral differences in handgrip strength youth male tennis players under-14 as to injury prevention (n = 232). In the study 12.5% were left-handed players. Handgrip strength was tested using a digital hand dynamometer (TKK 5401). A significant difference in grip strength in favor of the dominant hand was found between all players and right-handed players, only a non-significant difference was found between left-handed players. Regarding injury prevention, a difference between dominant hand and non-dominant hand force of >15% was found in 5.6% of players (high risk of injury) and >20% in 1.3% of players (very high risk). This predicts an increased risk of injury, so it is desirable to pay attention to both sides of the training load and to include compensatory or strengthening exercises.
Myricetin (MYR) and ampelopsin (AMP, or dihydromyricetin) are flavonoid aglycones found in certain plants and dietary supplements. During the presystemic biotransformation of flavonoids, mainly sulfate and glucuronide derivatives are produced, which are the dominant metabolites in the circulation. In this study, we tested the interactions of MYR, myricetin-3'-O-sulfate (M3'S), AMP, and ampelopsin-4'-O-sulfate (A4'S) with human serum albumin (HSA), cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs), and organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) using in vitro models, including the recently developed method for measuring flavonoid levels in living cells. M3'S and MYR bound to albumin with high affinity, and they showed moderate displacing effects versus the Site I marker warfarin. MYR, M3'S, AMP, and A4'S exerted no or only minor inhibitory effects on CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 enzymes. M3'S and MYR caused considerable inhibitory actions on OATP1B1 at low micromolar concentrations (IC50 = 1.7 and 6.4 μM, respectively), while even their nanomolar levels resulted in strong inhibitory effects on OATP2B1 (IC50 = 0.3 and 0.4 μM, respectively). In addition, M3'S proved to be a substrate of OATP1B1 and OATP2B1. These results suggest that MYR-containing dietary supplements may affect the OATP-mediated transport of certain drugs, and OATPs are involved in the tissue uptake of M3'S.
- MeSH
- cytochrom P-450 CYP3A metabolismus MeSH
- cytochrom P450 CYP2C9 metabolismus MeSH
- flavonoidy * farmakologie MeSH
- flavonoly farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- polypeptid C přenášející organické anionty * metabolismus MeSH
- přenašeče organických aniontů * metabolismus MeSH
- sérový albumin metabolismus MeSH
- sírany metabolismus MeSH
- systém (enzymů) cytochromů P-450 metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
