C-S-H gels
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Diabetes has become one of the major diseases affecting human health. Diabetic cataracts (DCs) are considered a common complication in diabetic patients. The present study investigated differences in lens proteomic profiles between DCs and age-related cataracts (ACs) to determine the mechanism underlying the formation of DCs. Intrasurgical samples were collected from eight DC patients and 12 AC patients, and lens proteins were extracted by lysis and separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The electrophoretic bands were analysed using PD-Quest software 8.0.1. Differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and peptide mass fingerprinting combined with protein database searching. In the 2-DE maps, the DC and AC lens proteins migrated in the region of pH 5-9 with a relative molecular weight (RMW) of 14-97 kDa, whereas the RMW of more abundant crystallin was 20-31 kDa. Approximately three protein spots with differential intensity were detected. Two crystallin proteins (αB and βB1) were identified using MALDI-TOF-MS. Proteomic analysis of the crystalline humour is feasible, and the proteins can be well separated; moreover, differentially expressed lens proteins can be analysed using 2-DE and mass spectrometry to compare DC and AC. The present results indicate that the αB and βB1 crystallins may accelerate the development of DCs. These techniques offer new avenues for mechanistic evaluation and future prevention or therapy of DCs.
- MeSH
- 2D gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- alfa-krystaliny - řetězec B biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- beta-krystaliny - řetězec B biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu komplikace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- katarakta etiologie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- komplikace diabetu etiologie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oční čočka chemie MeSH
- oční proteiny biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- proteom MeSH
- regulace genové exprese * MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- stárnutí genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
The relatedness between clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa obtained from patients during their stay in a Portuguese Central Hospital was evaluated. Genotypic fingerprinting (M13-PCR), phenotypic methods (biotyping and antibiotyping) and epidemiological information (spatial and temporal links) were used to evaluate the relatedness between 88 clinical isolates (68 patients), selected randomly out of 189. Sixty-two M13 types were found, 12 of them containing isolates from more than one patient. Thirty-four antibiotypes were found, as well as a significant association (p < 0.05) between epidemic isolates and multiresistance patterns. The nosocomial transmission of P. aeruginosa strains may be limited since M13 typing demonstrated a high degree of diversity among all the isolates, suggesting the occurrence of mainly independent infectious episodes. The results show the possible occurrence of cross-acquisition, cross-colonization and cross-infection and suggest an epidemic population structure for P. aeruginosa in this hospital.
- MeSH
- antibiotická rezistence MeSH
- DNA bakterií analýza MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- infekce spojené se zdravotní péčí epidemiologie mikrobiologie přenos MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemocnice fakultní statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- pseudomonádové infekce epidemiologie mikrobiologie přenos MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- pulzní gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- vzorkové studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Portugalsko MeSH
Cieľ: Monitoring prítomnosti Streptococcus pneumoniae v nosohltane osôb rôznych vekových skupín v Banskej Bystrici, Slovensko, predovšetkým v detských kolektívoch. Porovnanie výskytu pneumokokov pred a po vakcinácii heptavalentnou konjugovanou vakcínou. Sérotypizácia izolovaných pneumokokov a genetická typizácia pulznou elektroforézou. Metódy: Na detekciu S. pneumoniae vo výteroch z nosohltana bola použitá klasická kultivácia na krvnom agare. Sérotypizácia pneumokokov bola robená pomocou štandardnej Quellungovej reakcie. Detekcia DNA S. pneumoniae bola vykonávaná použitím komerčnej PCR diagnostickej súpravy. Pulzná elektroforéza bola robená modifikovaným postupom podľa viacerých zdrojov. Výsledky: Výskyt pneumokokov klesá a stráca na význame so stúpajúcim vekom. V kolektívoch najmladších detí je relatívne vysoká premorenosť a podobnosť vyskytujúcich sa pneumokokov, čo potvrdzuje ich prenos medzi deťmi navzájom. Po zaočkovaní došlo k zmene v zastúpení jednotlivých sérotypov pneumokoka s výskytom menej nebezpečných sérotypov, aj keď celkový záchyt nebol relevatne nižší. Záver: Monitoring výskytu a typov S. pneumoniae v populácii je dôležitý z hľadiska variability tohto organizmu s ohľadom na možné zmeny v dôsledku očkovania.
Backround: The aim of the present study was to monitor the nasopharyngeal presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in different age groups ps (especially children) in Banska Bystrica, Slovakia. The purpose of this screening was to determine the prevalence of different serotypes and to follow up the presence of pneumococcus in these children after the vaccination with heptavalent protein-conjugate vaccine. A contribution of molecular biology techniques was the detection of S. pneumoniae DNA by PCR and also the typisation and comparision of pneumococcal strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Methods: S. pneumoniae in nasopharyngeal swabs was detected by cultivation on blood agar plates. Serotypisation was performed by standard Quellung reaction. The comercial diagnostic kit was used for PCR detection of S. pneumoniae DNA. Pulsed-field electrophoresis was performed by modified scheme according to literature. Results: The incidence of pneumococcus is decreasing and less significant with the increasing age. Among yougest children is relatively high prevalence of pneumococci and the relatedness of isolated strains is high as well. After the vaccination, the less invasive serotypes were detected, although the overal incidence of S. pneumoniae was similar. Conclusions: The monitoring of S. pneumoniae in population is important according to variability of this bacteria with respect to possible changes in pneumococcal types as a consequence of vaccination
- MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární metody MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- infekce získané v komunitě mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nazofarynx mikrobiologie MeSH
- odběr biologického vzorku MeSH
- pneumokokové infekce epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- pneumokokové vakcíny terapeutické užití MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- pulzní gelová elektroforéza metody MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
- sérotypizace metody MeSH
- školy MeSH
- Streptococcus pneumoniae izolace a purifikace patogenita růst a vývoj MeSH
- zařízení denní péče pro děti MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
255 s. : il.
In recent works, microbial consortia consisting of various bacteria and fungi exhibited a biodegradation performance superior to single microbial strains. A highly efficient biodegradation of synthetic dyes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and other organic pollutants can be achieved by mixed microbial cultures that combine degradative enzyme activities inherent to individual consortium members. This review summarizes biodegradation results obtained with defined microbial cocultures and real microbial consortia. The necessity of using a proper strategy for the microbial consortium development and optimization was clearly demonstrated. Molecular genetic and proteomic techniques have revolutionized the study of microbial communities, and techniques such as the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, rRNA sequencing, and metaproteomics have been used to identify consortium members and to study microbial population dynamics. These analyses could help to further enhance and optimize the natural activities of mixed microbial cultures.
An extracellular amylase secreted by Aspergillus niveus was purified using DEAE fractogel ion exchange chromatography and Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. The purified protein migrated as a single band in 5 % polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and 10 % sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE). The enzyme exhibited 4.5 % carbohydrate content, 6.6 isoelectric point, and 60 and 52 kDa molar mass estimated by SDS-PAGE and Bio-Sil-Sec-400 gel filtration column, respectively. The amylase efficiently hydrolyzed glycogen, amylose, and amylopectin. The end-products formed after 24 h of starch hydrolysis, analyzed by thin layer chromatography, were maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, and maltopentaose, which classified the studied amylase as an α-amylase. Thermal stability of the α-amylase was improved by covalent immobilization on glyoxyl agarose (half-life of 169 min, at 70 °C). On the other hand, the free α-amylase showed a half-life of 20 min at the same temperature. The optima of pH and temperature were 6.0 and 65 °C for both free and immobilized forms.
- MeSH
- alfa-amylasy izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- amylopektin metabolismus MeSH
- amylosa metabolismus MeSH
- Aspergillus enzymologie MeSH
- chromatografie iontoměničová MeSH
- chromatografie na tenké vrstvě MeSH
- elektroforéza v polyakrylamidovém gelu MeSH
- enzymy imobilizované chemie metabolismus MeSH
- gelová chromatografie MeSH
- glykogen metabolismus MeSH
- hydrolýza MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
- sekvenční seřazení MeSH
- stabilita enzymů MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
