PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Open (incisional) biopsies have long been accepted as the gold standard in diagnosing bone and soft tissue tumors. However, the main disadvantage of this method is that it can lead to increased contamination, hematoma, infection, and pathological fracture. Compared to open biopsies, percutaneous core needle biopsies are less invasive, do not require hospitalization, have low costs and low complication rates, and there is no need for wound healing in cases that require radiotherapy. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of percutaneous core needle biopsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included the results of 250 percutaneous core needle biopsies of 244 patients who presented at the tertiary university hospital between September 2012 - September 2022 and were diagnosed with a bone or soft tissue tumor using the percutaneous core needle biopsy method and then underwent surgical excision in the Orthopaedics and Traumatology Clinic. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy rates were calculated for the percutaneous core needle biopsy method according to the compatibility of the results. RESULTS: A fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous Jamshidi needle biopsy performed by an orthopedist for lesions originating from the bone has a diagnostic accuracy of 96%. CT-guided percutaneous Jamshidi needle biopsy performed by a radiologist for lesions originating from the bone has a diagnostic accuracy of 88.9%. Percutaneous Tru-cut needle biopsy performed by an orthopedist without imaging guidance for lesions originating from soft tissue has a diagnostic accuracy of 92%. USGguided percutaneous Tru-cut needle biopsy performed by a radiologist for lesions originating from soft tissue has a diagnostic accuracy of 96,7% (p<0.001). DISCUSSION: The diagnostic accuracy of open biopsies ranges from 91% to 99% in the literature. Additionally, the diagnostic accuracy of core needle biopsies in recent studies ranges from 76% to 99%. Compared to the literature, our study has shown that biopsies performed by orthopedic specialists have a high diagnostic power (96% for bone-derived lesions; 92% for soft tissue-derived lesions). CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous core needle biopsy is highly effective and reliable in diagnosing bone and soft tissue tumors. Managing patients by a team using a multidisciplinary approach will increase diagnostic success. KEY WORDS: core needle biopsy, percutaneous, diagnostic accuracy, radiology guided biopsy, bone and soft tissue tumors.

• MeSH
• biopsie dutou jehlou metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fluoroskopie metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nádory kostí * patologie   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• nádory měkkých tkání * patologie   diagnóza   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie metody   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita * MeSH
• ultrazvukem navigovaná biopsie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

In spite of ongoing globalisation in many fields, the ethics of radiological protection have long been discussed almost exclusively in terms of 'Western' moral philosophy concepts such as utilitarianism or deontology. A cross-cultural discourse in this field is only just beginning. In 'Principles of Biomedical Ethics', Beauchamp and Childress suggested that there exists a 'common morality' which is 'not relative to cultures or individuals, because it transcends both'. They proposed four cross-culturally valid principles for decision making in medicine: respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice. A similar approach is being developed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection Task Group 94 on the ethics of radiological protection. Here, the core values are: human dignity, beneficence/non-maleficence, prudence, and justice. Other values could be added, such as consideration for the interests of society as a whole or the interests of future generations, or procedural values such as transparency and accountability; this paper will include a brief discussion on how they relate to the four basic principles. The main question to be addressed here, however, is whether the proposed core values are indeed part of a 'common morality'. This, as it will be argued, cannot be decided by a global opinion poll, but has to be based on an analysis of the written and oral traditions that have provided ethical orientation throughout history, and are still considered seminal by the majority of people. It turns out that there are indeed many commonalities across cultures, and that the concept of globally shared core values for the radiological protection system is not hopelessly idealistic.

• MeSH
• dobročinnost MeSH
• důstojnost lidského života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• radiační ochrana metody   MeSH
• sociální hodnoty * MeSH
• sociální spravedlnost MeSH
• srovnání kultur * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• biopsie dutou jehlou * MeSH
• nádory štítné žlázy diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• uzly štítné žlázy * diagnóza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• souhrny MeSH

Cíle. Cílem této studie bylo adaptovat zahraniční dotazník CORE-OM do českého prostředí a ověřit jeho psychometrické vlastnosti. Soubor a metoda. Testovou baterii zahrnující CORE-OM, RSES a SCL-90 vyplnilo 375 pacientů ze čtyř klinických pracovišť (klinický vzorek). První dva nástroje vyplnilo také 233 respondentů z běžné populace (neklinický vzorek). Analýza. Struktura dotazníku byla zjišťována pomocí explorační faktorové analýzy, souběžná validita prostřednictvím korelace s nástroji SCL-90 a RSES a vnitřní konzistence pomocí Cronbachova koeficientu alfa. Rozdíl mezi klinickým a neklinickým výběrem byl testován Mann-Whitneyovým testem a citlivost ke změně pomocí Wilcoxonova znaménkového testu. Výsledky. Faktorová struktura dotazníku byla tvořena dvěma faktory, faktorová řešení pro klinický a neklinický výběr se však lišila. Pro klinický výběr dosahovala vnitřní konzistence celkového skóru hodnoty α = 0,933, korelace celkového skóru s GSI SCL-90 nabývala hodnoty rs = 0,80 a s RSES rs = -0,51. Dotazník dobře rozlišoval mezi klinickým a neklinickým výběrem. U celkového skóru dosahoval hraniční skór hodnoty c = 1,349 a index spolehlivé změny RCI = 0,445. Citlivost k terapeutické změně byla adekvátní (r ~ -0,35 až -0,50 pro různá klinická pracoviště). Limity studie. Data byla získána příležitostným výběrem a nezahrnovala klienty ambulantních pracovišť ani respondenty s psychotickým onemocněním. Testování citlivosti ke změně bylo založeno pouze na sebeposuzovacích metodách.

Objectives. The aim of the study was to adapt the CORE-OM measure to the Czech context and evaluate its psychometric properties. Sample and setting. CORE-OM, RSES, and SCL-90 were administered to 375 patients from four psychotherapy clinics (a clinical sample). Further, the first two measures were administered to 233 respondents from the general population (a non-clinical sample). Statistical analysis. The questionnaire structure was explored through an exploratory factor analysis, concurrent validity assessed using correlation with SCL-90 and RSES, and internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha. The difference between the clinical and the non-clinical samples was determined by the Mann-Whitney test and sensitivity to change was assessed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results. The factor analysis revealed a two factor structure. However, the factor solution for the clinical and the non-clinical samples differed. In the clinical sample, the internal consistency of the Total Score was α = 0,933, the Total Score correlated rs = 0,80 with GSI SCL- 90 and rs = -0,51 with RSES. The measure successfully differentiated between the clinical and the non-clinical samples. Using the Total Score, the clinical cutoff score had a value of c = 1,349 and the Reliable Change Index had a value of RCI = 0,445. The sensitivity to psychotherapy change was adequate (r ~ -0,35 to -0,50 for individual clinics). Study limitation. The data was obtained through casual sampling and did not include outpatients or respondents with a psychotic disorder. Evaluation of sensitivity to change was based solely on self-report measures.

• MeSH
• faktorová analýza statistická MeSH
• hodnocení výsledků zdravotní péče MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychometrie * metody   normy   MeSH
• psychoterapie metody   MeSH
• sběr dat MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH

Human beings develop values; values are taught and learned; values and education are intricately related. Since every society desires order, and thus evolves a system of principles that could bring about the realization of such values, such societies, therefore, must develop a scheme to educate its citizens regarding its core values: that there are certain deeds which should never be done, certain freedoms which should never be invaded, and some things which are supremely sacred. This is the basis of education in the transmission of societal values. This article adumbrated that values are the basic elements and foundation for morality. Therefore, the relationship between values and education is that the latter is the only channel for the realization of the former. Consequently, this article examines this relationship (based on Nigerian experience) and posited that for contemporary African nations to succeed in transmitting, especially its core values to its citizens, they must establish effective learning measures and environments. What this means is that such a process should essentially begin with the society itself realizing this need.

• MeSH
• etika * MeSH
• etnopsychologie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mravy MeSH
• sociální hodnoty * etnologie   MeSH
• sociální normy MeSH
• učení * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Nigérie MeSH

Cíl: Zhodnotit senzitivitu, negativní prediktivní hodnotu a falešnou negativitu zobrazovacími metodami navigovaných core-cut biopsií provedených na našem pracovišti v roce 2013. Metodika: Studie zahrnuje 143 pacientů, kterým bylo provedeno celkem 148 core-cut biopsií pod ultrazvukovou (n = 139) nebo stereotaktickou (n = 9) navigací. Výsledky core-cut biopsií byly projednány formou radiologicko-patologických korelací na multidisciplinárních mammárních komisích. Ze získaných dat nálezů core-cut biopsií (s výjimkou skupiny histologicky nejasných nálezů) vztažených k pooperačním histo-logickým nálezům, potvrzenému metastatickému rozsevu nebo k dlouhodobému sledování benigních lézí byla hodnocena senzitivita, negativní prediktivní hodnota a falešná negativita core-cut biopsií. Výsledky: Senzitivita core-cut biopsie byla v naší studii 88,23 %, negativní prediktivní hodnota 84,12 %, falešná negativita 11,76 %. Závěr: Zobrazovacími metodami navigované core-cut biopsie prsu jsou bezpečnou a vysoce senzitivní metodou pro stanovení biologické povahy ložiskových lézí vyžadujících došetření.

Aim: Aim of this study was to determinate sensitivity, negative predictive value and false negative rate of image-guided breast core biopsies performed in our clinic in 2013. Methods: 148 core biopsies in 143 patients were included in this study, 139 ultrasound guided and 9 stereotactically guided. Histology results of all core biopsies were reviewed at multidisciplinary meetings, careful radiologic-pathologic correlations were done. Data obtained from core biopsies (with the exception of histological uncertain findings) relative to postoperative histology, confirmed metastatic spread or long-term monitoring of benign lesions were used to calculate sensitivity, negative predictive value and false negative rate of core biopsies. Results: Sensitivity of image-guided breast core biopsy in our study reached 88.23%, negative predictive value 84.12%, false negative rate 11.76%. Conclusion: Image-guided breast core biopsy is safe and highly reliable method to determinate nature of breast lesions requiring further investigation.

• MeSH
• jehlová biopsie * metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory prsu * patologie   ultrasonografie   MeSH
• plošný screening MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Jsou uvedeny laboratorní hodnoty 15 pacientů s těžkým mozkovým poraněním, u kterých byla použita řízená mírná hypotermie spolu se standardním léčebným postupem podle Evropského sdružení pro léčbu mozkových poranění. Povrchové chlazení bylo u všech pacientů zahájeno do 15 hodin po poranění. K dosažení teploty tělesného jádra 34 °C, která byla následně udržována 72 hodin, bylo použito chlazení cirkulujícím vzduchem v kombinaci s termoregulační vodní matrací.Poté byli nemocní zahříváni na teplotu tělesného jádra 36,5 °C. Laboratorní hodnoty byly získány z 9 vyšetření arteriální krve v průběhu léčby mírnou hypotermií a rovněž za normotermních podmínek. Pro statistickou analýzu byl použit Wilcoxonův test. Nebyly zjištěny statisticky významné změny hodnot sérové hladiny PaO2, PaCO2, urey, sodíku a glykémie během léčby mírnou hypotermií ve srovnání s normotermními hodnotámi.

A laboratory values of 15 patients with severe brain injury, in which was used deliberate mild hypothermia 34 °C during 72 hours as a component of intensive care management together with standard treatment protocol according to European Brain Injury Consortium, are presented. Surface cooling was initiated within 15 hours of injury in all patients. Hypothermia to core temperature 34 °C was achieved by forced air cooling in combination with circulating-water mattress cooling and maintained for 72 hours. After this time were patients rewarmed to 36,5 °C of core temperature. The laboratory values were obtained from 9 examinations of arterial blood in 8 hours period during hypothermia therapy and during normothermia too. For statistical analysis was used Wilcoxon test. There were no statistically significant changes in serum levels of PaO2, PaCO2, urea, sodium and glycaemia in the course of mild hypothermia therapy compare to normothermia values.

• MeSH
• analýza krevních plynů využití   MeSH
• biochemická analýza krve využití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poranění mozku metabolismus   MeSH
• terapeutická hypotermie metody   využití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

PURPOSE: solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) represent a heterogeneous group of primary pleural neoplasms with a low incidence rate and of which the biological origin, which consists of mesenchymal cells, is uncertain. METHODS: The authors present herewith a retrospective analysis of 22 patients with SFTs who were diagnosed and surgically treated between the years 2000-2015. The preoperative tumors were successfully verified morphologically by transthoracic core needle biopsy under CT control in 27.3% of patients. Surgical approaches were either posterolateral thoracotomy or videothoracoscopy. The follow-up median was 45 months (range 1-188 months). RESULTS: Twenty tumors were surgically removed radically, two tumors were found to be unresectable due to the considerable tumor size. From histological point of view 81.8% of tumors were SFT with low malignant potential, 18.2% of tumors with high malignant potential. Despite the radical extirpation of the SFT, it relapsed in two patients. CONCLUSION: The gold standard of SFT treatment is radical surgical removal; however, patients at risk of recurrence require additional follow-ups. The results of adjuvant therapy in recurrent and malignant forms of SFTs are the subject of discussion and further study.

• MeSH
• biopsie dutou jehlou MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hrudní chirurgie video-asistovaná * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• reoperace MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• solitární fibrózní nádor pleury mortalita   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• torakotomie * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• tumor burden MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: The European Core Health Indicators (ECHI) are a set of 88 indicators that provide a compact overview of the extensive field of European public health and healthcare. The ECHI set adds value to European Union health information systems (HIS) for both Member States and EU-associated countries and the European Commission by providing a solid, comparable information base on national public health and healthcare trends and developments. The indicators allow for learning by comparison and the list supports the organisation of national health information systems. As the ECHI set was defined more than ten years ago, it is time to review its current needs and readiness for the future. METHODS: In this article, we reflect on the sustainability of the ECHI set and explore directions for improving future use, based on the activities in the Joint Action on Health Information (2018 - 2021). There, we looked into ECHI governance and reviewed the set's metadata, content and link with other indicator sets in the wider European health information landscape. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in order to remain relevant and keep up with technical and policy developments, the ECHI set needs maintenance and updates. This cannot be achieved in a non-systematic project-based manner; it requires sustainable funding, governance and formalised activities in a permanent structure. We call on the European Commission, Member States, research networks and individual users of the ECHI to take action in this.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

CONTEXT: The role of percutaneous renal tumour biopsy (RTB) remains controversial due to uncertainties regarding its diagnostic accuracy and safety. OBJECTIVE: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the safety and accuracy of percutaneous RTB for the diagnosis of malignancy, histologic tumour subtype, and grade. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies providing data on diagnostic accuracy and complications of percutaneous core biopsy (CB) or fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of renal tumours. A meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of malignancy. The Cohen kappa coefficient (κ) was estimated for the analysis of histotype/grade concordance between diagnosis on RTB and surgical specimen. Risk of bias assessment was performed (QUADAS-2). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: A total of 57 studies recruiting 5228 patients were included. The overall median diagnostic rate of RTB was 92%. The sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic CBs and FNAs were 99.1% and 99.7%, and 93.2% and 89.8%, respectively. A good (κ = 0.683) and a fair (κ = 0.34) agreement were observed between histologic subtype and Fuhrman grade on RTB and surgical specimen, respectively. A very low rate of Clavien ≥ 2 complications was reported. Study limitations included selection and differential-verification bias. CONCLUSIONS: RTB is safe and has a high diagnostic yield in experienced centres. Both CB and FNA have good accuracy for the diagnosis of malignancy and histologic subtype, with better performance for CB. The accuracy for Fuhrman grade is fair. Overall, the quality of the evidence was moderate. Prospective cohort studies recruiting consecutive patients and using homogeneous reference standards are required. PATIENT SUMMARY: We systematically reviewed the literature to assess the safety and diagnostic performance of renal tumour biopsy (RTB). The results suggest that RTB has good accuracy in diagnosing renal cancer and its subtypes, and it appears to be safe. However, the quality of evidence was moderate, and better quality studies are required to provide a more definitive answer.

• MeSH
• biopsie dutou jehlou * MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory ledvin patologie   MeSH
• odchylka pozorovatele MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• stupeň nádoru MeSH
• tenkojehlová biopsie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH