The history of poisoning is one of the greatest chapters of the human history, where curiosity and genius, scientific discoveries and empirical knowledge intertwine with intrigues, crimes, politics, personal tragedies of notabilities, wars and natural disasters. Knowledge of toxic substances is likely as old as the mankind. In the Middle Age, Paracelsus claimed that in the world there is no non-toxic substance that the therapeutic and toxic properties of substances are indistinguishable up to a single parameter-dose. This postulate still belongs among the basic pillars of modern toxicology. Probably, the most ancient way of killing people was poisoning. In addition, the presence of poison in the body of the victim was very difficult to determine, since the symptoms of poisoning were similar to signs of certain diseases. Therefore, the criminals had a big chance to escape the punishment. Nowadays, together with development of toxicology the chance of disclosure of such crimes has increased, however, the progress in the field of design and production of toxic substances has also gone up. Within current contribution we have reviewed the most famous historical cases of poisoning from the antiquity to the present.

• MeSH
• dějiny 15. století MeSH
• dějiny 16. století MeSH
• dějiny 17. století MeSH
• dějiny 18. století MeSH
• dějiny 19. století MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• dějiny středověku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• otrava dějiny   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 15. století MeSH
• dějiny 16. století MeSH
• dějiny 17. století MeSH
• dějiny 18. století MeSH
• dějiny 19. století MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• dějiny středověku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• zdraví žen MeSH

• Konspekt
• Hygiena. Lidské zdraví
• NLK Obory
• veřejné zdravotnictví
• zdravotní výchova
• NLK Publikační typ
• elektronické časopisy

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has gained popularity among scientists and researchers in every field due to its potential to drastically reduce energy costs for the production of customized products by utilizing less energy-intensive machines as well as minimizing material waste. The 3D printing technology is an additive manufacturing approach that uses material layer-by-layer fabrication to produce the digitally specified 3D model. The use of 3D printing technology in the pharmaceutical sector has the potential to revolutionize research and development by providing a quick and easy means to manufacture personalized one-off batches, each with unique dosages, distinct substances, shapes, and sizes, as well as variable release rates. This overview addresses the concept of 3D printing, its evolution, and its operation, as well as the most popular types of 3D printing processes utilized in the health care industry. It also discusses the application of these cutting-edge technologies to the pharmaceutical industry, advancements in various medical fields and medical equipment, 3D bioprinting, the most recent initiatives to combat COVID-19, regulatory frameworks, and the major challenges that this technology currently faces. In addition, we attempt to provide some futuristic approaches to 3DP applications.

• MeSH
• 3D tisk * MeSH
• bioprinting metody   MeSH
• COVID-19 * MeSH
• farmaceutický průmysl MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poskytování zdravotní péče MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• hormonální substituční terapie * MeSH
• kongresy jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• estetika stomatologická MeSH
• kongresy jako téma MeSH

• MeSH
• analýza nákladů a výnosů MeSH
• ekonomika farmaceutická MeSH
• hodnocení biomedicínských technologií MeSH
• hodnotící studie jako téma MeSH
• léčivé přípravky normy   MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• farmacie a farmakologie
• veřejné zdravotnictví
• NLK Publikační typ
• publikace WHO

• MeSH
• krevní banky MeSH
• krevní transfuze MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• Publikační typ
• sborníky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• hematologie a transfuzní lékařství

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In many countries, whole blood (WB) donations with collection times between 12 and 15 min are not allowed to be used for platelet concentrates (PC). Since the development of guidelines, many process-related changes have been introduced. We aimed to determine the effect of WB with long collection times on PC quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five participating centres tested buffy coat (BC)-derived PC in platelet additive solution type E prepared from only WB collections lasting <12 min (control) versus similar PC including one BC from a collection lasting >12 min (study group, n = 8). One centre produced platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-derived PC from single donations (<10 or >12 min). All PC were stored at 22 ± 2°C and sampled on Days 1, 6 and 8 post-collection for in vitro quality determination. RESULTS: Average collection time was significantly longer in the study group compared to controls (8.9 ± 2.6 vs. 7.3 ± 1.3 min, p < 0.001). There were no differences in volume, platelet concentration, basal CD62P expression, soluble-CD62P and CCL5 levels, or nucleotide content between the groups. Stimulation with TRAP-6 resulted in comparable levels of cell surface CD62P. On Day 8, all PC fulfilled requirements for pH. The findings from single PRP-derived PC centre were similar. CONCLUSION: PC with one BC and single PRP derived from collections lasting >12 min had equivalent in vitro quality to controls during storage. This study provides evidence that 12-15 min donations should not be excluded for PC preparation and justifies to readdress the guidelines to <15 min instead of <12 min of collection in line with current practice in some countries.

• MeSH
• dárci krve * MeSH
• konzervace krve MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plazma bohatá na destičky * MeSH
• trombocyty MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• informační systémy MeSH
• komunikace metody   MeSH
• obchod MeSH

• Konspekt
• Psychologie
• NLK Obory
• psychologie, klinická psychologie
• věda a výzkum
• knihovnictví, informační věda a muzeologie
• ekonomie, ekonomika, ekonomika zdravotnictví

• Publikační typ
• rozhovory MeSH