Hasani. H*
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Aims: To introduce a case report and review the literature on trauma-related acute macular neuroretinopathy as an unusual etiology of acute macular neuroretinopathy. Material and Methods: A 24-year-old man presented with unilateral paracentral scotoma following non-ocular trauma in a car accident. The relative afferent pupillary defect was negative and the best corrected visual acuities of both eyes were 10/10 (by the Snellen chart scale). Results: Retinoscopy revealed a reduced foveal reflex, along with a small pre-retinal hemorrhage over the mid-pathway of the supranasal arteriole. OCT images showed an obvious ellipsoid zone (EZ) layer disruption in the macula of the left eye. The infrared fundus photograph of the same eye revealed a distinct hyporeflective area involving the macula. On fundus angiography, no macular vascular lesion was detected. The scotoma persisted after 3 months follow-up. Conclusion: Non-ocular trauma including head or chest trauma without direct ocular injury accounts for most cases of trauma-related acute macular neuroretinopathy. It is important to distinguish this entity, given that there are also unremarkable findings in the retinal examination of these patients. Indeed, proper clinical suspicion leads to further suitable investigations and impedes other extraordinary images, which are the basic rules in the management of traumatic patients suffering multiple injuries and incurring medical expenses.
- MeSH
- dopravní nehody MeSH
- fluoresceinová angiografie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- macula lutea patologie MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- optická koherentní tomografie metody MeSH
- rány a poranění komplikace MeSH
- retinální krvácení etiologie MeSH
- skotom etiologie komplikace MeSH
- syndromy bílých teček * diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
V této kazuistice popisujeme případ 53leté ženy, u které se objevil pomalu rostoucí útvar v oblasti dolního víčka pravého oka. Při zevrubném vyšetření bylo pozorováno nápadné vyklenutí dolního víčka. Palpačně byl zjištěn pod kůží útvar oválného tvaru, tuhé konsistence, velikosti přibližně 2 cm. Nekorigovaná zraková ostrost pacientky byla bilaterálně 20/20 (dle Snellenových optotypů), vyšetření předního a zadního segmentu obou očí bylo v normě. Na snímku z počítačové tomografie orbity pacientky byl patrný solitérní a homogenní pevný kulovitý útvar o hustotě odpovídající hustotě mozkové tkáně. Pacientka podstoupila chirurgickou excizi. Mikroskopické vyšetření léze odhalilo přítomnost dvojí struktury: dvoufázovou hypercelulární oblast (Antoni A) a myxomatózní hypocelulární oblast (Antoni B), obsahující štíhlé podlouhlé buňky se zúženými konci protkané kolagenními vlákny, což odpovídá diagnóze schwannomu. Kromě toho bylo možné pozorovat četné oblasti palisádovitého uspořádání jader kolem fibrilárního výběžku (Verocay tělíska) v oblastech s hustou buněčnou strukturou. Schwannomy se v očním víčku vyskytují jen zřídka, ale jsou doprovázeny klinickými a paraklinickými ukazateli, které svědčí o pravděpodobnosti této diagnózy. Závěrem navrhujeme, aby byl schwannom očního víčka zahrnut do seznamu diferenciálních diagnóz podkožních lézí očního víčka.
In this case report, we describe a 53-year-old woman who presented with a slow-growing lower lid mass in her right eye. On gross examination, a remarkable lower lid bulging was noted. On palpation, a subcutaneous oval-shaped mass with a firm consistency, measuring about 2cm, was noted. The uncorrected visual acuities of the patient were 20/20 (by Snellen chart) bilaterally, and the examinations of the anterior and posterior segments of both eyes were unremarkable. On the orbital Computed Tomography scan of the patient, a solitary and homogenous solid globular mass with the same density of the brain tissue was obvious. The patient underwent surgical excision. Microscopic assessment of the lesion revealed a biphasic hypercellular area (Antoni A) and myxoid hypocellular areas (Antoni B), containing slender cells with tapered ends, interspersed with collagen fibers, consistent with a diagnosis of schwannoma. In addition, some foci of nuclear palisading around the fibrillary process (Verocay bodies) could frequently be found throughout the highly cellular regions. Schwannomas rarely occur in the eyelids, but have clinical and paraclinical indicators which indicate the probable diagnosis. In conclusion, we suggest that eyelid schwannoma be considered as an element of the differential diagnoses list for subcutaneous lesions of the eyelid.
- MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurilemom * chirurgie diagnóza patologie MeSH
- oční víčka chirurgie patologie MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Mixed infections and heteroresistance of Helicobacter pylori contribute to decreased efficacy of treatments. This study aimed to investigate frequency of clarithromycin heteroresistance and its link with mixed infections, medication history, and disease severity. A total of 40 pairs of H. pylori strains were isolated from the antrum and corpus of 97 patients. Susceptibility of the strains to clarithromycin was measured by agar dilution method. Site-specific mutations of 23S rRNA at A2143G, A2142G, and A2142C positions were analyzed by PCR and genomic relatedness of pairs of the strains was determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. The results showed a prevalence of 35% (14/40) clarithromycin resistance. Diversity of the antrum and corpus isolates in resistance to clarithromycin was detected among 17.5% (7/40) of the patients. Similarly, diversity in MIC value was also detected in two patients infected with the sensitive strains. Significant difference in frequency of resistance was detected among patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (MIC90 32 μg/mL) and severe gastritis (MIC90 16 μg/mL), compared with those who suffered from non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) (MIC90 8 μg/mL) and chronic gastritis (MIC90 0.25 μg/mL). MIC values showed 8-32 folds increased levels in the corpus. A2142G, A2143G, and A2142C mutations were detected in three, two, and two patients, respectively, but not observed in 46% of the resistant strains. RAPD-PCR fingerprints showed identical molecular patterns for the isolates of the corpus and antrum in each patient. In conclusion, microevolution of H. pylori strains during chronic infection, rather than mixed infection, and inappropriate medication appear to be main reasons of treatment failure in adults.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence * účinky léků genetika MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- Helicobacter pylori účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Helicobacter pylori mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
- klarithromycin farmakologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 23S genetika MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- žaludek mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Írán MeSH
Immune cells have emerged as powerful regulators of regenerative as well as pathological processes. The vast majority of regenerative immunoengineering efforts have focused on macrophages; however, growing evidence suggests that other cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system are as important for successful revascularization and tissue repair. Moreover, spatiotemporal regulation of immune cells and their signaling have a significant impact on the regeneration speed and the extent of functional recovery. In this review, we summarize the contribution of different types of immune cells to the healing process and discuss ways to manipulate and control immune cells in favor of vascularization and tissue regeneration. In addition to cell delivery and cell-free therapies using extracellular vesicles, we discuss in situ strategies and engineering approaches to attract specific types of immune cells and modulate their phenotypes. This field is making advances to uncover the extraordinary potential of immune cells and their secretome in the regulation of vascularization and tissue remodeling. Understanding the principles of immunoregulation will help us design advanced immunoengineering platforms to harness their power for tissue regeneration.
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
- hojení ran * MeSH
- imunita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- makrofágy * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Genetic variations in miRNAs binding site might participate in cancer risk. This study aimed to systematically review the association between miRNA-binding site polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC). Electronic literature search was carried out on PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Embase. All types of observational studies till 30 November 2018 were included. Overall 85 studies (21 SNPs) from two systematic searches were included analysis. The results showed that in the Middle East population, the minor allele of rs731236 was associated with decreased risk of CRC (heterozygote model: 0.76 [0.61-0.95]). The minor allele of rs3025039 was related to increased risk of CRC in East Asian population (allelic model: 1.25 [1.01-1.54]). Results for rs3212986 were significant in overall and subgroup analysis (P < .05). For rs1801157 in subgroup analysis the association was significant in Asian populations (including allelic model: 2.28 [1.11-4.69]). For rs712, subgroup analysis revealed a significant (allelic model: 1.41 [1.23-1.61]) and borderline (allelic model: 0.92 [0.84-1.00]) association in Chinese and Czech populations, respectively. The minor allele of rs17281995 increased risk of CRC in different genetic models (P < .05). Finally, rs5275, rs4648298, and rs61764370 did not show significant associations. In conclusion, minor allele of rs3025039, rs3212986, and rs712 polymorphisms increases the risk of CRC in the East Asian population, and heterozygote model of rs731236 polymorphism shows protective effect in the Middle East population. In Europeans, the minor allele of rs17281995 may increase the risk of CRC, while rs712 may have a protective effect. Further analysis based on population stratifications should be considered in future studies.
- MeSH
- 3' nepřekládaná oblast genetika MeSH
- alely MeSH
- Asijci genetika MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci * MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
- kolorektální nádory epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikro RNA metabolismus MeSH
- pozorovací studie jako téma MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- vazebná místa genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Dálný východ MeSH
- Střední východ MeSH
Cell clusters that collectively migrate from primary tumors appear to be far more potent in forming distant metastases than single cancer cells. A better understanding of the collective cell migration phenomenon and the involvement of various cell types during this process is needed. Here, an in vitro platform based on inverted-pyramidal microwells to follow and quantify the collective migration of hundreds of tumor cell clusters at once is developed. These results indicate that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the heterotypic tumor cell clusters may facilitate metastatic dissemination by transporting low-motile cancer cells in a Rac-dependent manner and that extracellular vesicles secreted by mesenchymal cells only play a minor role in this process. Furthermore, in vivo studies show that cancer cell spheroids containing MSCs or CAFs have faster spreading rates. These findings highlight the active role of co-traveling stromal cells in the collective migration of tumor cell clusters and may help in developing better-targeted therapies.
- MeSH
- buňky stromatu MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezenchymální kmenové buňky * MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádory * patologie MeSH
- pohyb buněk MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Periodontal disease begins as an inflammatory response to a bacterial biofilm deposited around the teeth, which over time leads to the destruction of tooth-supporting structures and consequently tooth loss. Conventional treatment strategies show limited efficacy in promoting regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues. Here, a delivery platform is developed for small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) to treat periodontitis. EVs can achieve comparable therapeutic effects to their cells of origin. However, the short half-lives of EVs after their administration along with their rapid diffusion away from the delivery site necessitate frequent administration to achieve therapeutic benefits. To address these issues, "dual delivery" microparticles are engineered enabling microenvironment-sensitive release of EVs by metalloproteinases at the affected site along with antibiotics to suppress bacterial biofilm growth. GMSC sEVs are able to decrease the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by monocytes/macrophages and T cells, suppress T-cell activation, and induce the formation of T regulatory cells (Tregs) in vitro and in a rat model of periodontal disease. One-time administration of immunomodulatory GMSC sEV-decorated microparticles leads to a significant improvement in regeneration of the damaged periodontal tissue. This approach will have potential clinical applications in the regeneration of a variety of tissues.
The aim of this study was to investigate the concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6, in cycles with a premature rise of serum progesterone. 25 intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles with (Group 1) and 25 ICSI cycles without a premature progesterone elevation (Group 2) were included. The cut-off value of serum progesterone on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration was 0.9 ng/ml. The indication for ICSI was male factor infertility exclusively. On the day of hCG injection, serum IL-6, VEGF and bFGF were significantly higher in Group 1 (7.7+/-24.5 pg/ml, 290.2+/-161.4 pg/ml and 15.7+/-8.2 ng/ml respectively) than in Group 2 (1.7+/-0.7 pg/ml, 175.2+/-92.1 pg/ml, and 9+/-1.6 ng/ml respectively). On the day of follicular puncture, serum cytokine concentrations were similar in the two groups. IL-6 intrafollicular concentrations were higher in Group 1 (14.7+/-20.7 pg/ml) than in Group 2 (9+/-9.3 pg/ml, p=0.031). There were no differences regarding the ICSI outcome. Patients with serum progesterone above 0.9 ng/ml, have elevated serum concentrations of IL-6, VEGF, and bFGF, as well as elevated intrafollicular concentrations of IL-6. The outcome of ICSI cycles is not associated with premature elevation of progesterone when the cut-off value is set at 0.9 ng/ml.
- MeSH
- analýza rozptylu MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- cytokiny metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- estradiol krev MeSH
- fibroblastový růstový faktor 2 metabolismus MeSH
- folikulární tekutina metabolismus MeSH
- indukce ovulace MeSH
- interleukin-1beta metabolismus MeSH
- interleukin-6 metabolismus MeSH
- intracytoplazmatické injekce spermie MeSH
- leptin krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- menstruační cyklus metabolismus MeSH
- progesteron krev MeSH
- referenční hodnoty MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- testosteron krev MeSH
- TNF-alfa metabolismus MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- fibrinogen MeSH
- fibrinolytika terapeutické užití MeSH
- fibrinolýza účinky léků MeSH
- fluorofotometrie metody MeSH
- Ginkgo biloba fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- streptokinasa analýza terapeutické užití MeSH
- tromboembolie farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
This study aimed to characterize Clostridium difficile isolates cultured from stool samples of patients with C. difficile infection (CDI) and swabs from a medical environment in a gastroenterology center in Tehran, Iran. A total of 158 samples (105 stool samples from hospitalized patients and 53 swabs from medical devices and the environment) were collected from January 2011 to August 2011 and investigated for the presence of C. difficile by direct anaerobic culture on a selective media for C. difficile. C. difficile isolates were further characterized by capillary electrophoresis (CE) ribotyping and toxin gene multiplex PCR. Of 158 samples, C. difficile was cultured in 19 of 105 stool samples (18%) and in 4 of 53 swabs (7.5%). C. difficile PCR ribotype (RT) 126 was the most common RT in the study (21.7%). Further RTs were: 001, 003, 014, 017, 029, 039, 081, 103 and 150. RTs 126, 001, 150 were cultured from both the stool samples and swabs of medical devices and the hospital environment which suggest a possible route of transmission.
- MeSH
- bakteriální toxiny genetika MeSH
- Clostridioides difficile klasifikace genetika růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- genetická variace * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- ribotypizace * MeSH
- zdravotnické prostředky mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Írán MeSH
